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I was editing a file that I assume was originally created with MS Office power point. When I was done with my edits and saved the file, the LibreOffice added blue dots and a box with text "Responsible: Text" on every page. How do I remove them?

I'm not too technical so please don't eat me.
I had an identical machine HP 14s dq3xxx with absolutely no problem running 24.04.4
Except one coffee spill too many and it died.

New Laptop, Win 11, turned off Bit Locker, installed 24.04.4.
On installation I turned Windows Bitlocker off. Just like last time.
Only the hard drive has gone, the only drive is described as a "card reader".
Has anyone got any thoughts on what I've done?

Thanks. Paul

I am using Ubuntu 24.04. I'm afraid some hacker might have tampered with my repositories.

All I did was search for the name of a package that I would like to download in the App Center, and this message appeared:

The software is not from a trusted source.
Do not install this package unless you are sure it is safe to do so.  

It appears in all .deb packages from the official Ubuntu repositories.

The funny thing is that my default language in Ubuntu is Portuguese, so why did this message appear in English?

I did not install any unknown fonts from the repositories, and it's not snap

The message that appears when trying to install it is

The software is not from a trusted source.
Do not install this package unless you are sure it is safe to do so.

In summary: I find a program in the software center. I click to download it. The above message appears, and then it asks for a password to authenticate the installation.

The output of sudo apt update in the terminal is:

Hit: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-security InRelease          
Hit: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble InRelease                    
Hit: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease
Hit: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease

To add an application to my favorites or ensure the icon is visible in the GNOME Shell application dock, I need to enter the StartupWMClass value in the desktop file. Sometimes this is simple, such as recoll but other times it is long and complex such as com.transmissionbt.transmission_66306_105514770. When it is long and complex I would like to be able to copy it from the Looking Glass interface. However I am not sure how to do this. There is a clipboard icon next to the crosshairs (visual picker) icon in the upper-left corner but it does not appear to save any text to the clipboard. This copy function was found to be working in 2021, so I figure I must be doing something wrong. How can I copy the wmclass value for a window in Looking Glass?

I'm using the latest LTS version of Ubuntu (24.04).

$ gnome-shell --version
GNOME Shell 46.0

I’m looking for a good alternative to Internet Download Manager (IDM) on Ubuntu.

I’ve already tried Xtreme Download Manager (XDM), and it works fine for normal downloads, but I’m having trouble when it comes to downloading videos from YouTube — sometimes it doesn’t detect videos at all or fails to download them.

So I’m wondering:

• What is the best download manager on Ubuntu that feels similar to IDM?

• Is there any tool that reliably supports downloading videos from YouTube?

• Should I stick with a download manager like XDM, or switch to something else (like command-line tools)?

I’d prefer something with:

• Good browser integration (especially Firefox)

• Stable video downloading support

• Easy-to-use interface (if possible)

Any recommendations or setups that worked well for you would be really helpful.

Thanks!

I know this question was asked 1000000n times and it was answered 1000000 times. Nevertheless none of these solutions works for me. I installed Ubuntu 24.04 as Virtual Machine in Hyper V on my laptop. Laptop has resolution: 3456x2160. I completed initial setup and everything works fine now. But I still cannot change resolution of the Virtual Machine higher than 2560x1600.

On Linux:

• I set: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT = "quiet splash video="hyperv_fb:3456x2160" in grub
• I run: update-grub

On Windows:

• I run set-VMProcessor -VMName "name-of-my-machine" -ExposeVirtualizationExtensions $true
• I run Set-VM -VMName "name-of-my-machine" -EnhancedSessionTransportType HvSocket
• I run set-vmvideo -vmname "name-of-my-machine" -horizontalresolution:3456 -verticalresolution:2160 -ResolutionType Single

And still when I connect to this VM it's open with max resolution as 2560x1600. I imported this VM on my desktop machine with 4K monitor and I have the same result - max screen resolution of VM is 2560x1600.

I run virtual Ubuntu on the same laptop before using Hyper V. I don't remember exact version. Maybe it was 22. An I was able to use the full screen mode. But now it is limited by 2560x1600.

So is there any special solution for this issue for virtual Ubuntu 24.04 in Hyper V environment?

I connect to the internet at public sites, usually my local library, which involves a network login page.

My problem is that before that can happen, the network xfinity often hijacks the login process by connecting itself to my laptop.

How can I permanently ban xfinity network from connecting to me. I use Network Manager on Lubuntu 24.04

Until now, Snap was used in Ubuntu to install specific applications, such as Firefox, but those applications and snapd could be removed (and the applications could be replaced by packages, in some cases, such as those from Mozilla, or with Windows apps running in wine, such as 7-Zip).

Online, I've read that various components intrinsic to Ubuntu 26.04 are using snapd, and that it no longer can be removed simply. Is that the case, or is it feasible to remove snapd, still?

After connecting a new Bluetooth keyboard to my desktop computer with Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS, I removed the new keyboard from the Bluetooth devices screen by telling Ubuntu to ignore it (by mistake, I now see). Now it's ignoring it and won't discover it anymore.

What would you suggest I do to fix my mistake and let it discover the new new keyboard again?

Just did a fresh install of Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS and there is no HDMI sound out device listed to select for sound. Only "Digital output (S/PDIF) - USB Audio and HID" and "Analog Output - USB Audio and HID".

Did a bunch of digging, and tried any potential solution I could locate from updating intel drivers, to installing/using pulseaudio, and any other troubleshooting steps I could find. Even swapped out HDMI cable for a new one.

Also, for whatever reason, I can't get a command line listing of devices.

Still not seeing HDMI as a sound output option and sound out remains elusive.

At wits end.

Note that the HDMI audio works just fine for other devices connected to the monitor.

I have created a simple Java application (Spring MVC with one REST service) and I need to perform high-load testing after deploying it on Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS.

I have already done some optimization of both the application and the operating system, and I am now achieving roughly the desired throughput and latency during testing. However, I’m not confident that my testing approach is entirely correct.

I understand that to simulate more realistic traffic, requests should be generated from multiple client machines. In my case, I only have one client (my laptop) and one server (another laptop), connected via a 1-meter Ethernet cable.During testing, I generate a large number of HTTP requests, and the packet flow for each request looks like this in Wireshark (see screenshot below. Total packets size is 1049bytes for 1 http request. I also use virtual IPs to workaround limit with ports).

For now, I’ve managed to achieve throughput of up to 100,000 requests per second(average wall clock time since Java HttpClient::send is invoked and after response synchronously received), given that both laptops use Ethernet cards with a maximum speed of 1 Gbps.

At a high level, I understand the TCP communication between one Ubuntu host and another as shown in the diagram (see screenshot).

I would like to also point out that I understand the difference between parallel and concurrent requests well.

My question is:

Is there anything in the Ubuntu (Linux) kernel—such as buffering, caching, or other optimizations—between receiving the initial TCP SYN packet from the client and sending the final response, that could artificially increase the number of requests per second when testing from a single client?

In other words, if I were to generate the same total load but distribute it across 10 different client machines, would I observe significantly lower throughput and why?

Or more specifically:

Are there any optimizations in the network stack that depend on using the same client IP address and port?

I have more than one WiFi adapter installed on my machine running Ubuntu 24.04. They're always shown in the same order in WiFi settings no matter which one is actually connected. See the picture below.

Is there a way to change the configuration so that the WiFi adapter that is connected to the WiFi network is displayed first in Settings?

I'm trying to install Ubuntu 24.04 (latest) on Lenovo ThinkPad L15 Gen 3 (AMD), but I can't. I first had Windows 11 and no usb, so I tried grub2win and unetbootin, both failed. I found a usb stick and ran:

sudo dd if=ubuntu-24.04-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress oflag=sync

I entered BIOS and changed secure boot to OFF. I inserted usb stick and installed by erasing disk. All seems fine. But after restart into Ubuntu I remove the usb stick and all buttons, all icons, vanishes. i cannot open any programs.

I force power off and back on. Now Windows 11 and Unetbootin comes up. I restart and enter boot menu. i select Ubuntu, but the screen just flashes, nothing.

This link says my computer is certified to run Ubuntu https://ubuntu.com/certified/202204-30189 so why can't I?

UPDATE:

The Ubuntu installer installed on the usb stick, not on the sdd.

I use KDE Connect between my phone and laptop on my University WiFi. Very often, the IP address changes and the connection stops working. I have to manually find the IP of the computer with the command ip address and put it in my phone and connect manually. The same thing happens when I connect to a different network.

Is there any way to automate the connection process? AFAIK know Apple's computers have some robust connection procedure with iOS devices.

I want to be able to do this for multiple computers with the same phone.

I'm using Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS and have installed the LaTeX extension for LibreOffice with the tex-live full 2023.20240207-1 package. While the extension appears to be functioning and I can see its icons in LibreOffice, I'm encountering several issues. When attempting to insert a formula using this extension, the formula editor window fits my screen but I can't see the LaTeX icon below the preamble needed to generate the formula. Additionally, resizing the window is not possible. Does anyone know what might be causing this problem?

My sudo apt update output has warnings like the following:

W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/apandada1/blanket/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 95ACDEBD8BFF99ABE0F26A49A507B2BBA7803E3B uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/apandada1/foliate/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 95ACDEBD8BFF99ABE0F26A49A507B2BBA7803E3B uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/apandada1/marker/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 95ACDEBD8BFF99ABE0F26A49A507B2BBA7803E3B uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/apandada1/numbat/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 95ACDEBD8BFF99ABE0F26A49A507B2BBA7803E3B uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/apandada1/xournalpp-stable/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 95ACDEBD8BFF99ABE0F26A49A507B2BBA7803E3B uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/libreoffice/ppa/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 36E81C9267FD1383FCC4490983FBA1751378B444 uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/mati75/gimp30/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 3D7CDBD93E20A76CCB0B732792E8759D76F09DD6 uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)
W: https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/mozillateam/ppa/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease: Signature by key 0AB215679C571D1C8325275B9BDB3D89CE49EC21 uses weak algorithm (rsa1024)

Some of these are my own PPAs (apandada1), and I want to increase their security. How can I do that? Do I have to generate a new GPG key and sign packages with that key?

Recently I have been using Launchpad's recipes to generate PPA packages and don't manually build (and then upload) them anymore. In that case, how to fix this issue of keys using weak algorithm?

The key is not even listed among my PGP keys. It is somehow generated by Launchpad to sign packages generated by Launchpad recipes.

I'm trying to run Ubuntu on VirtualBox (on Windows 11). I followed the instructions here https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/how-to-run-ubuntu-desktop-on-a-virtual-machine-using-virtualbox#1-overview

When I press "Start", I get to this GRUB boot menu screen giving me 4 options instead of the login screen shown in the tutorial. The top 2 options always result in this black screen.

unknown-block(0,0)
[    0.798865] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.19.0-32-generic #33~2
2.04.1-Ubuntu
[    0.802316] Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBo
x 12/01/2006
[    0.805960] Call Trace:
[    0.807949]  <TASK>
[    0.809200]  show_stack+0x52/0x69
[    0.810805]  dump_stack_lvl+0x49/0x6d
[    0.812663]  dump_stack+0x10/0x18
[    0.814436]  panic+0x162/0x2fb
[    0.816334]  mount_block_root+0x144/0x1ea
[    0.818327]  mount_root+0x62/0x6e
[    0.819971]  prepare_namespace+0x13f/0x19e
[    0.821861]  kernel_init_freeable+0x120/0x139
[    0.824048]  ? rest_init+0x100/0x100
[    0.825777]  kernel_init+0x1b/0x170
[    0.827441]  ? rest_init+0x100/0x100
[    0.829838]  ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
[    0.832004]  </TASK>
[    0.833923] Kernel Offset: 0x1b400000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation ran
ge: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    0.838182] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs
on unknown-block(0,0) ]---
_

If I press 'c', I get to this screen.

                           GNU GRUB  version 2.06

   Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word,
   TAB lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists
   possible device or file completions. ESC at any time exits.

grub> _

I've seen posts saying what commands to run, but grub doesn't know those commands (e.g. sudo, update-initramfs, apt, get, install; as sudo update-initramfs -u -k version is suggested here)

Additional fixes I've tried: uninstalling and reinstalling VirtualBox, deleting and redownloading Ubuntu 22.04.

What's even more annoying is that I've tried pressing "expert" mode when setting up a new virtual machine, and now every time I press "new" I get stuck in [this][4] screen; there's no next/finish or cancel button.

The only thing I didn't follow in the tutorial is I limited the VM to 10 GB instead of the recommended 25 GB, but now I can't even try 25 GB because expert mode is stuck (even after uninstalling & reinstalling VirtualBox).

I have a web service running using systemd, this service runs by its own user, and I would like to execute some ExecStartPre commands but running as root user. So more in detail:

i.e /lib/systemd/system/webservice.service

[Unit]
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/default/web
Group=webuser
Type=simple
Restart=on-failure
WorkingDirectory=/usr/share/web
RuntimeDirectory=web
RuntimeDirectoryMode=0750
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/web --config=/etc/web/config.ini                               

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

and I would like to have a drop-in service where it fetches from a web-source the config.ini file

i.e /etc/systemd/system/web.service.d/local.conf

[Service]
PermissionsStartOnly=true
RestartSec=5
EnvironmentFile=/etc/environment
ExecStartPre=+/usr/bin/curl http://some.url --output /etc/web/config.ini 
ExecStartPre=+chown web:web /etc/web/config.ini  

The configuration above is not working since my service is freezing during the startup without any message in any log. Is there any way I can make something like that to work?

When i added

stty intr ^X

to my ~/.zshrc file it is always showing stty: 'standard input': Inappropriate ioctl for device on startup.

Please help, thanks in advance.

I'm on 19.10 (Eoan Ermine). Recently I let apt upgrade my kernel from 5.3.0-18-generic to 5.3.0-26-generic.

5.3.0-18-generic continues to work fine in both recovery and regular boot modes, however 5.3.0-18-generic fails to recover properly from suspend; the system is unresponsive even though the display manager is visible, the keyboard is unresponsive.

If I attempt to boot, however into 5.3.0-26 from any state I get this message (only visible using recovery mode) which ends in kernel panic.

[    0.757573] rtc_cmos 00:04: setting system clock to 2020-01-13T05:40:14 UTC (1578894014)
[    0.759317] Freeing unused decrypted memory: 2040K
[    0.760604] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 2668K
[    0.761629] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 22528k
[    0.763006] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 2008K
[    0.764218] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 1416K
[    0.765484] mce: CPU1: Core temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
[    0.765485] mce: CPU3: Core temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
[    0.765486] mce: CPU3: Package temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
[    0.765515] mce: CPU0: Package temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
[    0.765516] mce: CPU2: Package temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
[    0.766883] mce: CPU1: Package temperature above threshold, cpu clock throttled (total events = 1)
[    0.779531] x86/mm: Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found.
[    0.780743] x86/mm: Checking user space page tables
[    0.788735] x86/mm: Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found.
[    0.789909] Run /init as init process
[    0.792536] mce: CPU0: Package temperature/speed normal
[    0.792536] mce: CPU2: Package temperature/speed normal
[    0.792566] mce: CPU3: Core temperature/speed normal
[    0.792567] mce: CPU1: Core temperature/speed normal
[    0.792567] mce: CPU1: Package temperature/speed normal
Loading, please wait...
/init: conf/conf.d/zz-resume-auto: line 1: syntax error: unexpected "("
[    0.801729] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x00000200
[    0.802823] CPU: 1 PID: 1 Comm: sh Not tainted 5.3.0-26-generic #28-Ubuntu
[    0.803979] Hardware name: LENOVO 20HRCTO1WW/20HRCTO1WW, BIOS N1MET59W (1.44 ) 11/25/2019
[    0.805136] Call Trace:
[    0.806247]  dump_stack+0x6d/0x9a
[    0.807364]  panic+0x101/0x2d7
[    0.808510]  do_exit.cold+0x1a/0xd5
[    0.809601]  do_group_exit+0x47/0xb0
[    0.810695]  __x64_sys_exit_group+0x18/0x20
[    0.811805]  do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x130
[    0.812897]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
[    0.813993] RIP: 0033:0x7fe79afd8fe6
[    0.815090] Code: Bad RIP value.
[    0.816197] RSP: 002b:00007ffded39b718 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7
[    0.817380] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00005560cf064704 RCX: 00007fe79afd8fe6
[    0.818588] RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: 000000000000003c RDI: 0000000000000002
[    0.819816] RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 00000000000000e7 R09: ffffffffffffff80
[    0.821054] R10: 00005560cede71ef R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000003
[    0.822314] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[    0.823620] Kernel Offset: 0x3a00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    0.825001] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x00000200 ]---
_

5.3.0-18 continues to boot fine using either regular or recovery boot modes.

I do see the line about the syntax error from the suspend file, but I'm inclined to assume that's unrelated to the more serious kernel panic.

Results of lshw:

    description: Notebook
    product: 20HRCTO1WW (LENOVO_MT_20HR_BU_Think_FM_ThinkPad X1 Carbon 5th)
    vendor: LENOVO
    version: ThinkPad X1 Carbon 5th
    serial: PF0ZXXWS
    width: 64 bits
    capabilities: smbios-3.0.0 dmi-3.0.0 smp vsyscall32
    configuration: administrator_password=disabled chassis=notebook family=ThinkPad X1 Carbon 5th power-on_password=disabled sku=LENOVO_MT_20HR_BU_Think_FM_ThinkPad X1 Carbon 5th uuid=4CECD9FC-4E2A-B211-A85C-BED5C2304DEA
  *-core
       description: Motherboard
       product: 20HRCTO1WW
       vendor: LENOVO
       physical id: 0
       version: Not Defined
       serial: L3HF7B600XZ
       slot: Not Available
     *-memory
          description: System Memory
          physical id: 3
          slot: System board or motherboard
          size: 16GiB
        *-bank:0
             description: Row of chips LPDDR3 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 1867 MHz (0.5 ns)
             product: K4EBE304EB-EGCF
             vendor: Samsung
             physical id: 0
             serial: 00000000
             slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
             size: 8GiB
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 1867MHz (0.5ns)
        *-bank:1
             description: Row of chips LPDDR3 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 1867 MHz (0.5 ns)
             product: K4EBE304EB-EGCF
             vendor: Samsung
             physical id: 1
             serial: 00000000
             slot: ChannelB-DIMM0
             size: 8GiB
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 1867MHz (0.5ns)
     *-cache:0
          description: L1 cache
          physical id: 7
          slot: L1 Cache
          size: 128KiB
          capacity: 128KiB
          capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
          configuration: level=1
     *-cache:1
          description: L2 cache
          physical id: 8
          slot: L2 Cache
          size: 512KiB
          capacity: 512KiB
          capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
          configuration: level=2
     *-cache:2
          description: L3 cache
          physical id: 9
          slot: L3 Cache
          size: 4MiB
          capacity: 4MiB
          capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
          configuration: level=3
     *-cpu
          description: CPU
          product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7600U CPU @ 2.80GHz
          vendor: Intel Corp.
          physical id: a
          bus info: cpu@0
          version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7600U CPU @ 2.80GHz
          serial: None
          slot: U3E1
          size: 2502MHz
          capacity: 3900MHz
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 100MHz
          capabilities: lm fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt intel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp md_clear flush_l1d cpufreq
          configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=2 threads=4
     *-firmware
          description: BIOS
          vendor: LENOVO
          physical id: b
          version: N1MET59W (1.44 )
          date: 11/25/2019
          size: 128KiB
          capacity: 16MiB
          capabilities: pci pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy720 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
     *-pci
          description: Host bridge
          product: Xeon E3-1200 v6/7th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers
          vendor: Intel Corporation
          physical id: 100
          bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
          version: 02
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
          configuration: driver=skl_uncore
          resources: irq:0
        *-display
             description: VGA compatible controller
             product: HD Graphics 620
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
             version: 02
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pciexpress msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
             configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
             resources: irq:138 memory:eb000000-ebffffff memory:60000000-6fffffff ioport:e000(size=64) memory:c0000-dffff
        *-generic:0 UNCLAIMED
             description: System peripheral
             product: Xeon E3-1200 v5/v6 / E3-1500 v5 / 6th/7th Gen Core Processor Gaussian Mixture Model
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 8
             bus info: pci@0000:00:08.0
             version: 00
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: msi pm cap_list
             configuration: latency=0
             resources: memory:ec348000-ec348fff
        *-usb
             description: USB controller
             product: Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 14
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.0
             version: 21
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pm msi xhci bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=xhci_hcd latency=0
             resources: irq:126 memory:ec320000-ec32ffff
           *-usbhost:0
                product: xHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 5.3.0-18-generic xhci-hcd
                physical id: 0
                bus info: usb@1
                logical name: usb1
                version: 5.03
                capabilities: usb-2.00
                configuration: driver=hub slots=12 speed=480Mbit/s
              *-usb:0
                   description: Keyboard
                   product: MK730
                   vendor: Cooler Master Technology Inc.
                   physical id: 2
                   bus info: usb@1:2
                   version: 0.10
                   capabilities: usb-2.00
                   configuration: driver=usbhid maxpower=100mA speed=12Mbit/s
              *-usb:1
                   description: Bluetooth wireless interface
                   vendor: Intel Corp.
                   physical id: 7
                   bus info: usb@1:7
                   version: 0.10
                   capabilities: bluetooth usb-2.00
                   configuration: driver=btusb maxpower=100mA speed=12Mbit/s
              *-usb:2
                   description: Video
                   product: Integrated Camera
                   vendor: Chicony Electronics Co.,Ltd.
                   physical id: 8
                   bus info: usb@1:8
                   version: 0.06
                   capabilities: usb-2.00
                   configuration: driver=uvcvideo maxpower=500mA speed=480Mbit/s
              *-usb:3 UNCLAIMED
                   description: Generic USB device
                   vendor: Validity Sensors, Inc.
                   physical id: 9
                   bus info: usb@1:9
                   version: 1.64
                   serial: 1fb9808954ea
                   capabilities: usb-2.00
                   configuration: maxpower=100mA speed=12Mbit/s
           *-usbhost:1
                product: xHCI Host Controller
                vendor: Linux 5.3.0-18-generic xhci-hcd
                physical id: 1
                bus info: usb@2
                logical name: usb2
                version: 5.03
                capabilities: usb-3.00
                configuration: driver=hub slots=6 speed=5000Mbit/s
        *-generic:1
             description: Signal processing controller
             product: Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 14.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.2
             version: 21
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pm msi cap_list
             configuration: driver=intel_pch_thermal latency=0
             resources: irq:18 memory:ec349000-ec349fff
        *-communication
             description: Communication controller
             product: Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI #1
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 16
             bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0
             version: 21
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=mei_me latency=0
             resources: irq:134 memory:ec34a000-ec34afff
        *-pci:0
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #1
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1c
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0
             version: f1
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:122 memory:ec200000-ec2fffff
           *-generic
                description: Unassigned class
                product: RTS525A PCI Express Card Reader
                vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
                version: 01
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=rtsx_pci latency=0
                resources: irq:127 memory:ec200000-ec200fff
        *-pci:1
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #3
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1c.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.2
             version: f1
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:123 memory:ec100000-ec1fffff
           *-network DISABLED
                description: Wireless interface
                product: Wireless 8265 / 8275
                vendor: Intel Corporation
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0
                logical name: wlp4s0
                version: 88
                serial: b0:35:9f:c3:5e:0b
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
                configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=5.3.0-18-generic firmware=36.77d01142.0 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
                resources: irq:135 memory:ec100000-ec101fff
        *-pci:2
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #5
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1c.4
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.4
             version: f1
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:124 memory:ec000000-ec0fffff
           *-storage
                description: Non-Volatile memory controller
                product: NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961
                vendor: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0
                version: 00
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: storage pm msi pciexpress msix nvm_express bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=nvme latency=0
                resources: irq:16 memory:ec000000-ec003fff
        *-pci:3
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #9
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1d
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0
             version: f1
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:125 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:bc000000-ea0fffff ioport:70000000(size=1241513984)
        *-isa
             description: ISA bridge
             product: Sunrise Point LPC Controller/eSPI Controller
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1f
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0
             version: 21
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: isa bus_master
             configuration: latency=0
        *-memory UNCLAIMED
             description: Memory controller
             product: Sunrise Point-LP PMC
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1f.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
             version: 21
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz (30.3ns)
             configuration: latency=0
             resources: memory:ec344000-ec347fff
        *-multimedia
             description: Audio device
             product: Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1f.3
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3
             version: 21
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=64
             resources: irq:143 memory:ec340000-ec343fff memory:ec330000-ec33ffff
        *-serial
             description: SMBus
             product: Sunrise Point-LP SMBus
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1f.4
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.4
             version: 21
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             configuration: driver=i801_smbus latency=0
             resources: irq:16 memory:ec34b000-ec34b0ff ioport:efa0(size=32)
        *-network
             description: Ethernet interface
             product: Ethernet Connection (4) I219-LM
             vendor: Intel Corporation
             physical id: 1f.6
             bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.6
             logical name: enp0s31f6
             version: 21
             serial: 54:e1:ad:c6:8b:61
             size: 100Mbit/s
             capacity: 1Gbit/s
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
             configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=3.2.6-k duplex=full firmware=0.1-4 ip=192.168.100.13 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s
             resources: irq:128 memory:ec300000-ec31ffff
     *-pnp00:00
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 0
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:01
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 1
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:02
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 2
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:03
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 4
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:04
          product: PnP device PNP0b00
          physical id: 5
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=rtc_cmos
     *-pnp00:05
          product: PnP device INT3f0d
          physical id: 6
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:06
          product: PnP device LEN0071
          physical id: c
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=i8042 kbd
     *-pnp00:07
          product: PnP device LEN0072
          physical id: d
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=i8042 aux
     *-pnp00:08
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: e
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:09
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: f
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:0a
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 10
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:0b
          product: PnP device PNP0c01
          physical id: 11
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
  *-battery
       product: 01AV430
       vendor: SMP
       physical id: 1
       slot: Front
       capacity: 57020mWh
       configuration: voltage=11.5V

I installed Ubuntu 18.10 on my HP EliteBook x360 1030 G3 and can't get all fn-combinations to work.

What works: Volume up/down, Mute, Airplane mode What not works: Brightness up/down, Microphone mute

The often stated kernel parameters as listed here aren't resolving this issue.

Trying the command showkey -k revealed some strange behaviour: For all combinations not working a press and release with the same keycode (465) is generated. The other combinations result in different codes.

When running xev or acpi_listen no event is listed for the malfunctioning combinations.

Would be great if there is a way to get any reaction for this key combinations.

I have made my laptop double boot a few months again, with Ubuntu 18.04.1 . I have been working with okular to open pdf files (for the commenting option) but suddenly okular doesn't work anymore. When trying to open okular I get the following error:

Unable to find the Okular component: Cannot load library /snap/okular/39/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/plugins/okularpart.so: (libKF5JSApi.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)

I don't understand how to solve this problem. Okular was working fine until today and I didn't change anything to my ubuntu system in the mean time. Perhaps the problem comes from the fact that I have been working on windows the last few days and also used the windows ubuntu app.

How can I make okular work again?

My computer wasn’t connecting to my Ethernet earlier, so I tried resetting it. When doing so it reset instantaneously which is weird for my computer. I tried shutting down, but it just went right back on. I tried force restarting it with my reset button and it went off. When turning back on, it stayed at a black screen for a long time. I held down my power button to shut it down forcefully. Now when I turned it on it is stuck at a kernel panic.

I have tried booting into safe mode to no avail. Reinstalling is not an option.

I’m using Xubuntu 16.04.

[    1.331273] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
[    1.331328] CPU: 1 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.13.0-41-generic #46~16.04.1-Ubuntu
[    1.331381] Hardware name: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd. GA-78LMT-USB3 6.0/GA
-78LMT-USB3 6.0, BIOS F2 11/25/2014
[    1.331436] Call Trace:
[    1.331485]  dump_stack+0x63/0x8b
[    1.331533]  panic+0xe4/0x24d
[    1.331587]  mount_block_root+0x1fd/0x2ac
[    1.331639]  mount_root+0x38/0x3a
[    1.331685]  prepare_namespace+0x13f/0x194
[    1.331738]  kernel_init_freeable+0x212/0x23b
[    1.331787]  ? rest_init+0xc0/0xc0
[    1.331835]  kernel_init+0xe/0xfc
[    1.331881]  ret_from_fork+0x22/0x40
[    1.331945] Kernel Offset: 0x5c00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range:
0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    1.332001] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs
on unknown-block(0,0)
_

I installed ubuntu 18.04 few days after the release. It was working fine until now. Now it is not detecting the external monitor.

My system a Laptop MSI gs30 2m shadow without external dock:

$ lsb_release -a :

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic

$ sudo lspci -v:

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Crystal Well Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 08) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Crystal Well Integrated Graphics Controller
    Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 34
    Memory at afc00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
    Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
    I/O ports at 5000 [size=64]
    [virtual] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
    Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
    Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2
    Capabilities: [a4] PCI Advanced Features
    Kernel driver in use: i915
    Kernel modules: i915

$ xrandr :

Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 8192 x 8192
eDP-1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 294mm x 165mm
   1920x1080     60.00*+  59.97    59.96    59.93  
   1680x1050     59.95    59.88  
   1600x1024     60.17  
   1400x1050     59.98  
   1600x900      59.99    59.94    59.95    59.82  
   1280x1024     60.02  
   1440x900      59.89  
   1400x900      59.96    59.88  
   1280x960      60.00  
   1440x810      60.00    59.97  
   1368x768      59.88    59.85  
   1360x768      59.80    59.96  
   1280x800      59.99    59.97    59.81    59.91  
   1152x864      60.00  
   1280x720      60.00    59.99    59.86    59.74  
   1024x768      60.04    60.00  
   960x720       60.00  
   928x696       60.05  
   896x672       60.01  
   1024x576      59.95    59.96    59.90    59.82  
   960x600       59.93    60.00  
   960x540       59.96    59.99    59.63    59.82  
   800x600       60.00    60.32    56.25  
   840x525       60.01    59.88  
   864x486       59.92    59.57  
   800x512       60.17  
   700x525       59.98  
   800x450       59.95    59.82  
   640x512       60.02  
   720x450       59.89  
   700x450       59.96    59.88  
   640x480       60.00    59.94  
   720x405       59.51    58.99  
   684x384       59.88    59.85  
   680x384       59.80    59.96  
   640x400       59.88    59.98  
   576x432       60.06  
   640x360       59.86    59.83    59.84    59.32  
   512x384       60.00  
   512x288       60.00    59.92  
   480x270       59.63    59.82  
   400x300       60.32    56.34  
   432x243       59.92    59.57  
   320x240       60.05  
   360x202       59.51    59.13  
   320x180       59.84    59.32  

I don't have a clue why is happening:

• The only error on the XOrg logs is (EE) open /dev/fb0: Permission denied ($ grep EE ~/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.*)
• Also, on display settings, there is no "Detect Displays" button, like in Ubuntu 17.10.
• I tried installing latest drivers from https://launchpad.net/~oibaf/+archive/ubuntu/graphics-drivers
• I tried with different cables and monitors.
• Googling, I didn't find any recent response that fit with my problem.
• Tested cable and monitor with other laptop and working without any issue.
• Tested with Live USB and working without issues.
• Both monitor working in the Login.
• Is the module i915 the right one for an i7-4870HQ (Haswell microarch)?

To be honest, I don't know where to start to search.

Note: In the office is working as usual with two monitors!! It is like if it's memorizing the configuration. But las week dual monitor was working at home. What did change? How to fix it?

My laptop has an rtl8723be WiFi card. The trouble started when I tried to install the latest drivers WiFi version. The spotted problem is that when my my laptop is being connected to a WiFi network, a process named systemd-journal automatically starts running in the background creating huge log files like 60 GB, but when I run sudo modprobe -rv rtl8723be both the WiFi and the process turn off. I found the created files and deleted them, but the question is, what can I do in order to use WiFi without getting a kernel panic. Currently I have turn off the WiFi and I am using Ethernet.

after installing Ubuntu 14.04 software center downloaded 540MB. when restarted to apply changes it is taking too long. I've waited for more than two hours process is going on like in the image. it is not continuous. There is a break after every line for 30-60 seconds.

Now I cannot update my OS. How much time do I need to stay after restarting? please help me in this regard.

my specifications: 4GB ddr3 RAM. 500GB HDD.

It is a kernel panic and it continues.

[    1.153190]  ffffffff815cad50 ffff880133c7fa00 ffff880139afbc58 ffff880133c7fa00
[    1.153192]  0000000000000100 ffff880139afbdb0 ffffffff815cc2fc 000000000000000f
[    1.153193] Call Trace:
[    1.153197]  [<ffffffff815cad50>] cpufreq_set_policy+0x1e0/0x2e0
[    1.153201]  [<ffffffff815cc2fc>] cpufreq_init_policy+0x5c/0xb0
[    1.153204]  [<ffffffff815cbba0>] ? cpufreq_update_policy+0x170/0x170
[    1.153207]  [<ffffffff815cd206>] __cpufreq_add_dev.isra.20+0x836/0x920
[    1.153209]  [<ffffffff815cd3c0>] cpufreq_add_dev+0x10/0x20
[    1.153213]  [<ffffffff814984b1>] subsys_interface_register+0xb1/0xf0
[    1.153215]  [<ffffffff815caefc>] cpufreq_register_driver+0xac/0x240
[    1.153220]  [<ffffffff81d84ea9>] ? cpufreq_gov_dbs_init+0x12/0x12
[    1.153222]  [<ffffffff81d8502a>] acpi_cpufreq_init+0x181/0x2bd
[    1.153226]  [<ffffffff8100214a>] do_one_initcall+0xfa/0x1b0
[    1.153229]  [<ffffffff81089805>] ? parse_args+0x225/0x3f0
[    1.153234]  [<ffffffff81d350f6>] kernel_init_freeable+0x17b/0x200
[    1.153236]  [<ffffffff81d348e5>] ? do_early_param+0x88/0x88
[    1.153239]  [<ffffffff81712a70>] ? rest_init+0x80/0x80
[    1.153241]  [<ffffffff81712a7e>] kernel_init+0xe/0x130
[    1.153244]  [<ffffffff817353a8>] ret_from_fork+0x58/0x90
[    1.153246]  [<ffffffff81712a70>] ? rest_init+0x80/0x80
[    1.153267] Code: 48 c7 43 40 70 41 cd 81 eb c2 b8 ea ff ff ff eb ca 66 90 0f 1f 44 0
09 3b 47 54 0f 82 99 01 00 00 41 83 fc 04 0f
[    1.153269] RIP  [<ffffffff815ca958>] __cpufreq_governor+0x18/0x230
[    1.153270]  RSP <ffff880139afbc00>
[    1.153271] CR2: 0000000000000030
[    1.153274] ---[ end trace dba0a119a8fceacd ]---
[    1.153295] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x00000009
[    1.153295]
_

I can use my laptop only in previous versions. Please show me how to have a stable update so that I can use my laptop normally.

I am exporting an Inkscape vector graphic (.SVG) to the PDF format required by the digital printers but one of the fonts used (namely Futura BdCn BT) is not formatting correctly in the exported PDF whilst everything else works fine. I have done pre-press (for too many years) albeit on Macs/MS-Coreldraw using the same techniques, but a few years ago moved over completely to Ubuntu for all my computing needs; now needing some new business cards, stumbled on this error and cannot work out why it's occurring. The design is simply text with a single QR graphic on it and that works fine, except for the Futura BdCn BT not formatting correctly and coming out more 'fat' and bold as opposed to the slim Futura BdCn BT style.

I'm using Ubuntu 14.10 with the 0.48 Inkscape install, but prior to next trying an Inkscape upgrade, has anyone experienced this issue and how do you overcome it? Failing that, anyone have a solution for the pre-press PDF requirement.

Thanks in advance.

I am accessing an Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS server via SSH from OSX. Recently the colors stopped working. I think it happened while I was installing/troubleshooting RVM, but I am not positive.

In .bashrc I uncommeneted force_color_prompt=yes, and when I run env | grep TERM I get TERM=xterm-color. But still no colors.

Any ideas? Thanks!

Here is the output of cat .bashrc

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
[ -z "$PS1" ] && return

# don't put duplicate lines in the history. See bash(1) for more options
# ... or force ignoredups and ignorespace
HISTCONTROL=ignoredups:ignorespace

# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize

# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z "$debian_chroot" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
    debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi


# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
    xterm-color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac


# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
    if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
    # We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
    # (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
    # a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
    color_prompt=yes
    else
    color_prompt=
    fi
fi

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
    PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
    ;;
*)
    ;;
esac

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
   alias dir='dir --color=auto'
   alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
fi

[[ -s "/usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && . "/usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm"

I have several instances of terminals running in my working environment, what I would like is to set a specific title for each one, in order to have a clear idea what purpose the specific terminal serves i.e. Apache, editing_ini, postgres etc...

Of course from the command line.