Getting the unencrypted root partition of an encrypted operating system into grub https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563185/getting-the-unencrypted-root-partition-of-an-encrypted-operating-system-into-gru

I have the following setup:

  • Disk 1: Windows

    • preinstalled windows with 5 partitions all created during the windows installation

      • EFI FAT partition with these folders

        • EFI

          • Boot

          • Microsoft

          • ubuntu

      • ....

  • Disk 2: two non-encrypted Zorin OS 17 & 18

    • 500GB my main operating system, Zorin OS 18

    • 500GB another broken system we don't care about

  • Disk 3: encrypted Zorin 18

    • FAT EFI Partition with these folders:

      • EFI

        • Boot

        • ubuntu

    • Ext4 Filesystem with these folders:

      • efi

      • grub

      • vmlinuz-6.14.0-37-generic

      • ...

    • LUKS encrypted filesystem with the main operating system data

My BIOS detects all three Operating systems:

  • windows

  • zorin 18

  • encrypted zorin 18

I can also boot all of them from the bios. Windows and the encrypted zorin will start directly, my main OS starts a selectable grub bootloader

My issue now is that I can't get the grub bootloader to also contain a reference to the encrypted zorin, no matter what I do it can only start windows or my unencrypted zorin. Since the second partition on the third disk is unencrypted and it contains the /boot folder from my encrypted operating system, I don't understand why that cannot be found and loaded by the grub bootloader.

is there any way to get that working or is there another bootloader which I can use? Unfortunately my BIOS does not support selecting the starting OS on every boot and the current process is therefore really cumbersome.

I tried adding a grub entry manually in various different ways but I always get "no such device" when using the uuid of the other FAT EFI partition.

Any help is appreciated!

xkbset updates xkb value, but not in Accessibility bounce delay slider https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563184/xkbset-updates-xkb-value-but-not-in-accessibility-bounce-delay-slider

My keyboard bounces keys a lot. I am once again hopeful that xkbset bo nn will help. But the Accessibility slider does not reflect the xkbset setting ... even though xkbset q | grep -i bounce does. I'm not sure which value to believe (xkbset or Accessibility slider).

How can I get the Accessibility slider to update from xkbset bo nn ?

app "Handy" needs to access the microphone (ver.24.10 running on MacBookPro) https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563183/app-handy-needs-to-access-the-microphone-ver-24-10-running-on-macbookpro

I have installed the app "Handy" so as to use speech to text. It does not work. I believe that i need to give it access to the microphone. I have searched for help on how to do this and the instructions that i find say -- Settings >> Privacy & Security >> App Permissions tab. Sadly there is no such tab in my Privacy & Security section. I have Ubuntu ver.24.10 running on MacBookPro and have just updated my system.

I have tried the following in terminal:-
$ snap connect handy:microphone error: snap "handy" has no plug named "microphone"

also
$ snap connect handy:audio-record error: snap "handy" has no plug named "audio-record"

All and any help much appreciated.

Cannot hear audio files in Audacity https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563181/cannot-hear-audio-files-in-audacity

I am new to Ubuntu and Linux. I just switched due to Windows 11, like so many others.

I have used Audacity for years in Windows with no problems. Initially I used it in Ubuntu with no issues either, but then something changed - I have no idea what - and now I cannot hear the audio for project files. I can still record, but I can't listen. I have zero issue with these headphones for any other program. I have something like 20+ options for Recording Device (most are variations) and only 8 for Playback, none of which work.

This seems to be a known bug, but the solutions I've tried from other forums have not worked. It seems like this might just be an Audacity for Linux issue that has not been fixed.

I have two questions:

  1. Does anyone know what else I can do to get Audacity to recognize my headphones?

  2. If not, what is the best audio editing program for Ubuntu with a mild learning curve? I don't need a DAW (Digital Audio Workstation).

USB Keyboard Wake-Up Causes System Freeze on Resume (Ubuntu 24.04.03) https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563179/usb-keyboard-wake-up-causes-system-freeze-on-resume-ubuntu-24-04-03

System Specifications:

  • OS: Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS on BTRFS
  • Kernel: 6.14.0-37-generic (x86_64)
  • Motherboard: ASrock x370 Pro4 BIOS v7.40 (latest stable, 2022/11/18)
  • CPU: AMD Ryzen 5 3600
  • GPU: AMD Radeon RX 6600
  • RAM: 32 GB
  • Machine Type: Desktop
  • Keyboard: Sharkoon Purewriter TKL RGB (USB ID: 04d9:a231 Holtek Semiconductor)
  • Setup: Dual-boot with Windows 10 on separate bootloader partitions (BIOS switch).

Problem

When resuming from suspend (S3) or hibernate (S4) by pressing a key on my USB keyboard, the system freezes completely. The initial power-on phase seems fine, but as control passes to the Linux kernel (presumably), it fails to properly resume the keyboard (backlight turns on then, off). This failure cascades, freezing all other peripherals (mouse, displays, etc..). The system becomes unresponsive and a hard reset is needed. Thankfully, using BTRFS allowed me to test solutions without fear of filesystem corruption.

Debugging & Investigation

  1. Logs: No clear errors related to the keyboard or input devices were found in system logs after a failed resume:

    $ sudo dmesg | grep -i "PM:\|error\|fail\|suspend\|resume\|swap\|acpi\|s3\|s4"
    
    [    0.000000] efi: ACPI=0xbd488000 ACPI 2.0=0xbd488014 TPMFinalLog=0xbd452000 SMBIOS=0xbde24000 SMBIOS 3.0=0xbde23000 MEMATTR=0xb96c6018 ESRT=0xb9f43118 MOKvar=0xbde6e000 INITRD=0xb96c5518 RNG=0xbcd9e018 TPMEventLog=0xbcd99018 
    [    0.006205] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled
    [    0.006209] ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000BD488014 000024 (v02 ALASKA)
    [    0.006212] ACPI: XSDT 0x00000000BD487728 0000C4 (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  01000013)
    [    0.006217] ACPI: FACP 0x00000000BCDBD000 000114 (v06 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  00010013)
    [    0.006222] ACPI: DSDT 0x00000000BCDB6000 00643E (v02 ALASKA A M I    01072009 INTL 20120913)
    [    0.006224] ACPI: FACS 0x00000000BD482000 000040
    [    0.006226] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDC3000 00092A (v02 AMD    AmdTable 00000002 MSFT 04000000)
    [    0.006229] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDBF000 003B40 (v01 AMD    AMD AOD  00000001 INTL 20120913)
    [    0.006231] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDBE000 0000C8 (v02 ALASKA CPUSSDT  01072009 AMI  01072009)
    [    0.006233] ACPI: FIDT 0x00000000BCDB5000 00009C (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  00010013)
    [    0.006236] ACPI: MCFG 0x00000000BCDB4000 00003C (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 MSFT 00010013)
    [    0.006238] ACPI: AAFT 0x00000000BCDB3000 0000F1 (v01 ALASKA OEMAAFT  01072009 MSFT 00000097)
    [    0.006240] ACPI: HPET 0x00000000BCDB2000 000038 (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  00000005)
    [    0.006242] ACPI: BGRT 0x00000000BCDB1000 000038 (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  00010013)
    [    0.006244] ACPI: TPM2 0x00000000BCDB0000 00004C (v04 ALASKA A M I    00000001 AMI  00000000)
    [    0.006247] ACPI: PCCT 0x00000000BCDAF000 00006E (v02 AMD    AmdTable 00000001 AMD  00000001)
    [    0.006249] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDAB000 003047 (v02 AMD    AmdTable 00000001 AMD  00000001)
    [    0.006251] ACPI: CRAT 0x00000000BCDAA000 000BD0 (v01 AMD    AmdTable 00000001 AMD  00000001)
    [    0.006253] ACPI: CDIT 0x00000000BCDA9000 000029 (v01 AMD    AmdTable 00000001 AMD  00000001)
    [    0.006256] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDA5000 003798 (v01 AMD    MYRTLE   00000001 INTL 20120913)
    [    0.006258] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDA4000 0000BF (v01 AMD    AmdTable 00001000 INTL 20120913)
    [    0.006260] ACPI: WSMT 0x00000000BCDA3000 000028 (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  00010013)
    [    0.006262] ACPI: APIC 0x00000000BCDA2000 00015E (v03 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  00010013)
    [    0.006265] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000BCDA0000 0010AF (v01 AMD    MYRTLE   00000001 INTL 20120913)
    [    0.006267] ACPI: FPDT 0x00000000BCD9F000 000044 (v01 ALASKA A M I    01072009 AMI  01000013)
    [    0.006269] ACPI: Reserving FACP table memory at [mem 0xbcdbd000-0xbcdbd113]
    [    0.006270] ACPI: Reserving DSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcdb6000-0xbcdbc43d]
    [    0.006271] ACPI: Reserving FACS table memory at [mem 0xbd482000-0xbd48203f]
    [    0.006271] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcdc3000-0xbcdc3929]
    [    0.006272] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcdbf000-0xbcdc2b3f]
    [    0.006273] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcdbe000-0xbcdbe0c7]
    [    0.006273] ACPI: Reserving FIDT table memory at [mem 0xbcdb5000-0xbcdb509b]
    [    0.006274] ACPI: Reserving MCFG table memory at [mem 0xbcdb4000-0xbcdb403b]
    [    0.006274] ACPI: Reserving AAFT table memory at [mem 0xbcdb3000-0xbcdb30f0]
    [    0.006275] ACPI: Reserving HPET table memory at [mem 0xbcdb2000-0xbcdb2037]
    [    0.006276] ACPI: Reserving BGRT table memory at [mem 0xbcdb1000-0xbcdb1037]
    [    0.006276] ACPI: Reserving TPM2 table memory at [mem 0xbcdb0000-0xbcdb004b]
    [    0.006277] ACPI: Reserving PCCT table memory at [mem 0xbcdaf000-0xbcdaf06d]
    [    0.006278] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcdab000-0xbcdae046]
    [    0.006278] ACPI: Reserving CRAT table memory at [mem 0xbcdaa000-0xbcdaabcf]
    [    0.006279] ACPI: Reserving CDIT table memory at [mem 0xbcda9000-0xbcda9028]
    [    0.006280] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcda5000-0xbcda8797]
    [    0.006280] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcda4000-0xbcda40be]
    [    0.006281] ACPI: Reserving WSMT table memory at [mem 0xbcda3000-0xbcda3027]
    [    0.006282] ACPI: Reserving APIC table memory at [mem 0xbcda2000-0xbcda215d]
    [    0.006282] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0xbcda0000-0xbcda10ae]
    [    0.006283] ACPI: Reserving FPDT table memory at [mem 0xbcd9f000-0xbcd9f043]
    [    0.052568] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x808
    [    0.052580] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0xff] high edge lint[0x1])
    [    0.052600] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
    [    0.052602] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 low level)
    [    0.052605] ACPI: Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
    [    0.052606] ACPI: HPET id: 0x10228201 base: 0xfed00000
    [    0.052663] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
    [    0.052665] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff]
    [    0.052667] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x09bff000-0x09ffffff]
    [    0.052668] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0a200000-0x0a210fff]
    [    0.052670] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0b000000-0x0b01ffff]
    [    0.052671] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xb40ce000-0xb40d2fff]
    [    0.052673] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xb5b02000-0xb5b42fff]
    [    0.052674] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xb9f43000-0xb9f43fff]
    [    0.052676] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xbb653000-0xbdffefff]
    [    0.052677] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xbf000000-0xffffffff]
    [    0.053386] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/@/boot/vmlinuz-6.14.0-37-generic root=UUID=e869beca-8176-4bb7-9c3b-8d0c6a87858f ro rootflags=subvol=@ quiet splash resume=UUID=fcb43bc3-b6b8-4707-8a23-683bf93bd9bf vt.handoff=7
    [    0.156275] ACPI: Core revision 20240827
    [    0.161670] Spectre V1 : Mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
    [    0.329598] ACPI: PM: Registering ACPI NVS region [mem 0x0a200000-0x0a210fff] (69632 bytes)
    [    0.329598] ACPI: PM: Registering ACPI NVS region [mem 0xbcdc4000-0xbd49efff] (7188480 bytes)
    [    0.329923] PM: RTC time: 19:14:59, date: 2026-01-22
    [    0.331651] acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
    [    0.333507] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
    [    0.333509] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
    [    0.333511] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
    [    0.348093] ACPI: 8 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded
    [    0.350670] ACPI: [Firmware Bug]: BIOS _OSI(Linux) query ignored
    [    0.353588] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
    [    0.353609] ACPI: PM: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
    [    0.353611] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
    [    0.355340] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug
    [    0.355934] ACPI: Enabled 3 GPEs in block 00 to 1F
    [    0.376691] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
    [    0.376699] acpi PNP0A08:00: _OSC: OS supports [ExtendedConfig ASPM ClockPM Segments MSI EDR HPX-Type3]
    [    0.376852] acpi PNP0A08:00: _OSC: platform does not support [SHPCHotplug LTR DPC]
    [    0.377132] acpi PNP0A08:00: _OSC: OS now controls [PCIeHotplug PME AER PCIeCapability]
    [    0.377144] acpi PNP0A08:00: [Firmware Info]: ECAM [mem 0xf0000000-0xf7ffffff] for domain 0000 [bus 00-7f] only partially covers this bridge
    [    0.389820] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKA configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.389904] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKB configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.389981] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKC configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.390071] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKD configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.390153] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKE configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.390222] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKF configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.390290] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKG configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.390359] ACPI: PCI: Interrupt link LNKH configured for IRQ 0
    [    0.391647] ACPI: bus type USB registered
    [    0.392646] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
    [    0.399689] pnp: PnP ACPI init
    [    0.402066] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 7 devices
    [    0.408497] clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns
    [    0.474910] ACPI: button: Power Button [PWRB]
    [    0.475005] ACPI: button: Power Button [PWRF]
    [    0.537860] ACPI: bus type drm_connector registered
    [    0.597387] rtc_cmos 00:03: RTC can wake from S4
    [    0.740521] PM:   Magic number: 10:805:243
    [    0.744825] RAS: Correctable Errors collector initialized.
    [    0.761735] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains
    [    1.512497] ata9.00: ATA-8: KINGSTON SH103S3120G, 580ABBF0, max UDMA/133
    [    4.205031] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      KINGSTON SH103S3 BBF0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
    [    5.468923] PM: Image not found (code -22)
    [    5.656440] systemd[1]: Inserted module 'autofs4'
    [    6.865360] Adding 44194812k swap on /dev/sdc2.  Priority:-2 extents:1 across:44194812k SS
    [   14.606570] vboxdrv: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel
    [ 5616.248891] audit: type=1400 audit(1769114915.488:1098): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mount" class="mount" info="failed flags match" error=-13 profile="snap-update-ns.steam" name="/boot/" pid=42896 comm="snap-update-ns" srcname="/var/lib/snapd/hostfs/boot/" flags="rw, bind"
    
  2. Common Fixes Attempted (Unsuccessful): I tried numerous kernel parameters suggested for similar suspend issues (i8042.reset, acpi_sleep=nonvs, pcie_aspm=off, etc.) with no effect.

  3. Testing for a Regression:

    • Windows 10: Resume works perfectly.
    • Ubuntu 25.10 (Kernel 6.17): The freeze persists.
    • Ubuntu 22.04.3 (Kernel 6.8): Resume works, though the keyboard occasionally disconnects and needs replugging. This suggests the issue worsened in newer kernels.
  4. The Breakthrough: I suspected it as a problem with the hardware of the keyboard, so I switched to a different wireless keyboard, which allowed successful resumes, but paradoxically not because of the keyboard itself. Because this device couldn't initiate wake-up, it led me to resume using the physical power button instead of a keyboard key. So I reverted back to my main keyboard , and using the power button to wake the system proved 100% reliable.

Root Cause

The system freezes when the USB keyboard (04d9:a231) is used to trigger the wake-up from a sleep state. (I don't own a second USB keyboard to test if the problem is restricted to this specific device).

Final considerations#

Even though I'm pretty content with the work-around I found, because the problem was not occurring on Ubuntu 22.04.3 (Kernel 6.8) I have reason to suspect my misfortune is part of a larger problem part of a possible regression in the Linux Kernel.

I'm open to suggestions for better solutions.

Changing the Cyrillic fonts in LaTeX https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563176/changing-the-cyrillic-fonts-in-latex

I want to change the Cyrillic fonts in my Russian document. (I can already make Cyrillic text with LaTeX, but I do not like the fonts).

I wonder which free fonts are available and how to install and use them.

Thank you

zpool on iSCSI target https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563173/zpool-on-iscsi-target

I have successfully connected two iSCSI targets to my computer (24.04) and created zpools on them. After rebooting, zpool import shows the pools and I can import them manually, but they are not imported automatically (deleting the cache file and repopulation it does not the trick). When I look at systemd-analyze critical-chain, I see that iscsid.service runs way after zfs-import-cache.service. This cannot work. My idea was to use systemctl edit zfs-import-cache.service and add the following:

[Unit]
After=iscsi.service
BindsTo=iscsi.service

However, this seems to disrupt the entire boot process, e.g., some AppArmor profiles are no longer loaded correctly, leading to strange behavior, and the pools are not imported either. My next idea was: systemctl edit iscsid.service and add the following

[Unit]
Before=zfs-import-cache.service

and systemctl edit zfs-import-cache.service and add:

[Unit]
BindsTo=iscsid.service

This works, the pools are imported automatically and there are no problems with AppArmor (so far).

EDIT: booting the machine once more and the pools are not imported anymore?

How can I import the pools automatically?

Evolution is not saving sent messages https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563172/evolution-is-not-saving-sent-messages

For the past two days Evolution has not saved any messages to the Sent folder. I verified the settings for the account and they look fine.

enter image description here

Am I missing something here?

Change priority 1000 for /var/lib/dpkg/status https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563165/change-priority-1000-for-var-lib-dpkg-status

After a complete re-install of my Kubuntu from the official ISO image on a USB drive on Monday, every(!) package has a priority like this:

$ sudo apt-cache policy apt
apt:
  Installiert:           3.1.6ubuntu2
  Installationskandidat: 3.1.6ubuntu2
  Versionstabelle:
 *** 3.1.6ubuntu2 1000
        500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/main amd64 Packages
       1000 /var/lib/dpkg/status

with the result that I cannot update my system.

Is there any way to "reduce" the priority of the /var/lib/dpkg/status to the "regular" value of 100 so that I can keep my system up-to-date?

Some more info, in case that helps to pin-point the problem:

$ sudo apt-cache policy
Paketdateien:
1000 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu questing/main amd64 Packages
     release o=dl.winehq.org,a=questing,n=questing,l=winehq,c=main,b=amd64
     origin dl.winehq.org
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/universe i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/main i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-security,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 100 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-backports/universe i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-backports,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-backports/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-backports,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/universe i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/main i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing-updates,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/universe i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/main i386 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu questing/main amd64 Packages
     release v=25.10,o=Ubuntu,a=questing,n=questing,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin de.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/mozillateam/ppa/ubuntu plucky/main i386 Packages
     release v=25.04,o=LP-PPA-mozillateam,a=plucky,n=plucky,l=Firefox ESR and Thunderbird stable builds,c=main,b=i386
     origin ppa.launchpadcontent.net
 500 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/mozillateam/ppa/ubuntu plucky/main amd64 Packages
     release v=25.04,o=LP-PPA-mozillateam,a=plucky,n=plucky,l=Firefox ESR and Thunderbird stable builds,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ppa.launchpadcontent.net
1000 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main all Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=all
     origin packages.mozilla.org
1000 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main i386 Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=i386
     origin packages.mozilla.org
1000 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=amd64
     origin packages.mozilla.org
Mit Pinning verwaltete Pakete:
     firefox-locale-af -> 1:1snap1-0ubuntu7 mit Priorität -1
     thunderbird-locale-nb-no -> 2:1snap1-0ubuntu3 mit Priorität -1
     firefox-locale-zh-hans -> 1:1snap1-0ubuntu7 mit Priorität -1
     firefox-locale-zh-hant -> 1:1snap1-0ubuntu7 mit Priorität -1
     thunderbird-locale-ta-lk -> 2:1snap1-0ubuntu3 mit Priorität -1
     ((other thunderbird and firefox packages omitted for character limits))
$ for i in `{ls /etc/apt/preferences.d/*}` ; do echo "\n\n${i}" ; cat ${i} ; done


/etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla
Package: *
Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
Pin-Priority: 1000

Package: *
Pin: release 0=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 1000

Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=Ubuntu
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: thunderbird*
Pin: release o=Ubuntu
Pin-Priority: -1


/etc/apt/preferences.d/ubuntu-pro-esm-apps
# This file is used by Ubuntu Pro and supplied by the ubuntu-pro-client
# package. It has no effect if Ubuntu Pro services are not in use since no
# other apt repositories are expected to match o=UbuntuESMApps.
#
# Pin esm-apps packages to a slightly higher value than the default,
# so those are preferred over a non-ESM package from the archive when the
# service is enabled.

Package: *
Pin: release o=UbuntuESMApps
Pin-Priority: 510


/etc/apt/preferences.d/ubuntu-pro-esm-infra
# This file is used by Ubuntu Pro and supplied by the ubuntu-pro-client
# package. It has no effect if Ubuntu Pro services are not in use since no
# other apt repositories are expected to match o=UbuntuESM.
#
# Pin esm-infra packages to a slightly higher value than the default,
# so those are preferred over a non-ESM package from the archive when the
# service is enabled.
Package: *
Pin: release o=UbuntuESM
Pin-Priority: 510
$ for i in `{ls /etc/apt//apt.conf.d/*}` ; do echo "\n\n${i}" ; cat ${i} ; done


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/01-vendor-ubuntu
Acquire::Changelogs::AlwaysOnline "true";
Acquire::http::User-Agent-Non-Interactive "true";

// Enable the new solver by default for our commands
binary::apt::APT::Solver "3.0";
binary::apt-get::APT::Solver "3.0";
// Allow to remove manually installed packages for the
// first phase.
APT::Solver::RemoveManual "true";


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/01autoremove
APT
{
  NeverAutoRemove
  {
        "^firmware-linux.*";
        "^linux-firmware$";
        "^linux-image-[a-z0-9]*$";
        "^linux-image-[a-z0-9]*-[a-z0-9]*$";
  };

  VersionedKernelPackages
  {
        # kernels
        "linux-.*";
        "kfreebsd-.*";
        "gnumach-.*";
        # (out-of-tree) modules
        ".*-modules";
        ".*-kernel";
  };

  Never-MarkAuto-Sections
  {
        "metapackages";
        "tasks";
  };

  Move-Autobit-Sections
  {
        "oldlibs";
  };
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/10periodic
APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "0";
APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "0";


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/15update-stamp
APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success {"touch /var/lib/apt/periodic/update-success-stamp 2>/dev/null || true";};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf
APT::Update::Pre-Invoke {
        "[ ! -e /run/systemd/system ] || [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ] || systemctl start --no-block apt-news.service esm-cache.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || true";
};

binary::apt::AptCli::Hooks::Upgrade {
        "[ ! -f /usr/lib/ubuntu-advantage/apt-esm-json-hook ] || [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ] || /usr/lib/ubuntu-advantage/apt-esm-json-hook 2>> /var/log/ubuntu-advantage-apt-hook.log || true";
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/20archive
APT::Archives::MaxAge "30";
APT::Archives::MinAge "2";
APT::Archives::MaxSize "500";


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades
APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/20packagekit
// THIS FILE IS USED TO INFORM PACKAGEKIT THAT THE UPDATE-INFO MIGHT HAVE CHANGED

// Whenever dpkg is called we might have different updates
// i.e. if an user removes a package that had an update
DPkg::Post-Invoke {
"/usr/bin/test -e /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.PackageKit.service && /usr/bin/test -S /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket && /usr/bin/test ! -e /run/ostree-booted && /usr/bin/gdbus call --system --dest org.freedesktop.PackageKit --object-path /org/freedesktop/PackageKit --timeout 4 --method org.freedesktop.PackageKit.StateHasChanged cache-update > /dev/null; /bin/echo > /dev/null";
};

// When APT's cache is updated (i.e. apt-cache update)
APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success {
"/usr/bin/test -e /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.PackageKit.service && /usr/bin/test -S /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket && /usr/bin/test ! -e /run/ostree-booted && /usr/bin/gdbus call --system --dest org.freedesktop.PackageKit --object-path /org/freedesktop/PackageKit --timeout 4 --method org.freedesktop.PackageKit.StateHasChanged cache-update > /dev/null; /bin/echo > /dev/null";
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/20snapd.conf
binary::apt::AptCli::Hooks::Install { "[ ! -f /usr/bin/snap ] || /usr/bin/snap advise-snap --from-apt 2>/dev/null || true"; };


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/50appstream
## This file is provided by appstreamcli(1) to download DEP-11
## metadata files.

Acquire::IndexTargets {
    # The YAML metadata files
    deb::DEP-11  {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/dep11/Components-$(NATIVE_ARCHITECTURE).yml";
        ShortDescription "Components-$(NATIVE_ARCHITECTURE)";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) $(NATIVE_ARCHITECTURE) Components";

        KeepCompressed "true";
        KeepCompressedAs "gz";
    };

    # Small icons for GUI components described in the DEP-11
    # YAML metadata.
    deb::DEP-11-icons-small  {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/dep11/icons-48x48.tar";
        ShortDescription "icons-48x48";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) Icons (48x48)";

        KeepCompressed "true";
        KeepCompressedAs "gz";
        DefaultEnabled "false";
    };

    # Normal-sized icons for GUI components described in the DEP-11
    # YAML metadata.
    deb::DEP-11-icons  {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/dep11/icons-64x64.tar";
        ShortDescription "icons-64x64";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) Icons (64x64)";

        KeepCompressed "true";
        KeepCompressedAs "gz";
        DefaultEnabled "false";
    };

    # Icons suitable for HiDPI displays, for GUI components described in
    # the DEP-11 YAML metadata.
    deb::DEP-11-icons-hidpi  {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/dep11/icons-64x64@2.tar";
        ShortDescription "icons-64x64@2";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) Icons (64x64@2)";

        KeepCompressed "true";
        KeepCompressedAs "gz";
        DefaultEnabled "false";
    };

    # Larger icons that are often used on HiDPI displays as fallback.
    deb::DEP-11-icons-large  {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/dep11/icons-128x128.tar";
        ShortDescription "icons-128x128";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) Icons (128x128)";

        KeepCompressed "true";
        KeepCompressedAs "gz";
        DefaultEnabled "false";
    };

    # Even larger icons that are used on HiDPI displays.
    deb::DEP-11-icons-large-hidpi {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/dep11/icons-128x128@2.tar";
        ShortDescription "icons-128x128@2";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) Icons (128x128@2)";

        KeepCompressed "true";
        KeepCompressedAs "gz";
        DefaultEnabled "false";
    };
};

# Refresh AppStream cache when APT's cache is updated (i.e. apt update)
APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success {
    "if /usr/bin/test -w /var/cache/swcatalog -a -e /usr/bin/appstreamcli; then appstreamcli refresh --source=os > /dev/null || true; fi";
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/50command-not-found
## This file is provided by command-not-found(1) to download
## Commands metadata files.

Acquire::IndexTargets {
    # The deb822 metadata files
    deb::CNF  {
        MetaKey "$(COMPONENT)/cnf/Commands-$(NATIVE_ARCHITECTURE)";
        ShortDescription "Commands-$(NATIVE_ARCHITECTURE)";
        Description "$(RELEASE)/$(COMPONENT) $(NATIVE_ARCHITECTURE) c-n-f Metadata";
    };
};

# Refresh AppStream cache when APT's cache is updated (i.e. apt update)
APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success {
    "if /usr/bin/test -w /var/lib/command-not-found/ -a -e /usr/lib/cnf-update-db; then /usr/lib/cnf-update-db > /dev/null; fi";
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades
// Automatically upgrade packages from these (origin:archive) pairs
//
// Note that in Ubuntu security updates may pull in new dependencies
// from non-security sources (e.g. chromium). By allowing the release
// pocket these get automatically pulled in.
Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
        "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}";
        "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-security";
        // Extended Security Maintenance; doesn't necessarily exist for
        // every release and this system may not have it installed, but if
        // available, the policy for updates is such that unattended-upgrades
        // should also install from here by default.
        "${distro_id}ESMApps:${distro_codename}-apps-security";
        "${distro_id}ESM:${distro_codename}-infra-security";
//      "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-updates";
//      "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-proposed";
//      "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-backports";
};

// Python regular expressions, matching packages to exclude from upgrading
Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist {
    // The following matches all packages starting with linux-
//  "linux-";

    // Use $ to explicitely define the end of a package name. Without
    // the $, "libc6" would match all of them.
//  "libc6$";
//  "libc6-dev$";
//  "libc6-i686$";

    // Special characters need escaping
//  "libstdc\+\+6$";

    // The following matches packages like xen-system-amd64, xen-utils-4.1,
    // xenstore-utils and libxenstore3.0
//  "(lib)?xen(store)?";

    // For more information about Python regular expressions, see
    // https://docs.python.org/3/howto/regex.html
};

// This option controls whether the development release of Ubuntu will be
// upgraded automatically. Valid values are "true", "false", and "auto".
Unattended-Upgrade::DevRelease "auto";

((commented lines omitted for char limits))


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/60icons
## This file enables the download of small-size 64x64px
## icons for use in software centers like GNOME Software
## and Plasma Discover.
##
## The icons are required for software centers to function
## correctly. Applications without an icon will not be
## displayed at all.

Acquire::IndexTargets {
    deb::DEP-11-icons-small  {
        DefaultEnabled "true";
    };
    deb::DEP-11-icons  {
        DefaultEnabled "true";
    };
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/60icons-hidpi
## This file enables the download of 64x64px icons
## suitable for HiDPI displays for use in software
## centers like GNOME Software and Plasma Discover.

Acquire::IndexTargets {
    deb::DEP-11-icons-hidpi  {
        DefaultEnabled "true";
    };
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/60icons-large
## This file enables the download of large 128x128px
## icons for use in software centers like GNOME Software
## and Plasma Discover.
##
## The icons speed up usage of the software centers,
## and would otherwise be downloaded on-deman for each user.

Acquire::IndexTargets {
    deb::DEP-11-icons-large  {
        DefaultEnabled "true";
    };
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/60icons-large-hidpi
## This file enables the download of 128x128px icons
## suitable for HiDPI displays for use in software
## centers like GNOME Software and Plasma Discover.

Acquire::IndexTargets {
    deb::DEP-11-icons-hidpi  {
        DefaultEnabled "true";
    };
};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/70debconf
// Pre-configure all packages with debconf before they are installed.
// If you don't like it, comment it out.
DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true";};


/etc/apt//apt.conf.d/99update-notifier
DPkg::Post-Invoke {"if [ -d /var/lib/update-notifier ]; then touch /var/lib/update-notifier/dpkg-run-stamp; fi; /usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-updates-available 2>/dev/null || true";};
APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success {"/usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-updates-available 2>/dev/null || true";};
On my Linux 6.8.0-85-generic #85~22.04.1-Ubuntu machine in firefox file:/// no longer works https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563142/on-my-linux-6-8-0-85-generic-8522-04-1-ubuntu-machine-in-firefox-file-no-l

I've had this machine for years and it has 22.04.1 on it; URLs to the local filesystem via file:/// no longer work except those in my home directory, everything else gives a File not found.

How do I get my local filesystem access back so I can check HTML edits in a browser before uploading?

I should add I spent a long time this morning trying to solve this, screwing around with user profiles and other stuff I found online while looking for a solution, but nothing worked, so here I am.

% uname -a

Linux spunky 6.8.0-85-generic #85~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Sep 19 16:18:59 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

BAR Allocation Failed & IOMMU Conflicts: Dual GPU (RTX 5060 + 4060) on Ryzen 5800X/B550 - "No Space" Errors https://askubuntu.com/questions/1563112/bar-allocation-failed-iommu-conflicts-dual-gpu-rtx-5060-4060-on-ryzen-580

I am hitting a wall trying to configure a dual GPU setup on a B550/Ryzen platform running Ubuntu. I am facing a persistent Memory Mapped I/O (MMIO) resource allocation issue where the kernel cannot assign BAR addresses for the second GPU, leading to can't assign; no space errors.

Hardware Specs:

  • CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 5800X

  • Mobo: B550 Chipset [INSERT YOUR MOTHERBOARD MODEL HERE]

  • GPU 1: NVIDIA RTX 4060

  • GPU 2: NVIDIA RTX 5060 (New gen)

  • PSU: 850W

  • OS: Ubuntu (Kernel 6.x generic)

  • Driver: Manual install of NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-580.126.09.run (Required for 5060 support)

The Problem: When booting with default BIOS settings, only one GPU is enumerated correctly. The second GPU fails with BAR allocation errors in dmesg. When I attempt to fix this by enabling "Above 4G Decoding" in BIOS, the system fails to mount the NVMe drive or panics during boot unless I use specific kernel parameters, and even then, I lose the proprietary driver binding.

Logs & Symptoms:

1. The BAR Error (dmesg output): Without 4G decoding, the kernel clearly sees the device but cannot map the memory:

Bash

[ 0.666193] pci 0000:07:00.0: BAR 1 [mem size 0x10000000 64bit pref]: can't assign; no space
[ 0.666195] pci 0000:07:00.0: BAR 1 [mem size 0x10000000 64bit pref]: failed to assign
[ 0.666196] pci 0000:07:00.0: VF BAR 2 [mem size 0x10000000 64bit pref]: can't assign; no space
NVRM: BAR1 is 0M @ 0x0 (PCI:0000:04:00.0)

2. The IOMMU/Disk Conflict: If I Enable Above 4G Decoding and Disable CSM (UEFI only), the boot process hangs with filesystem errors, losing access to the NVMe block devices:

Bash

/var/lib/snapd/snaps/firefox_2356.snap: Can't lookup blockdev
[FAILED] Failed to mount Mount unit for firefox.
[FAILED] Failed to mount Mount unit for snapd.

What I have tried so far:

  1. BIOS Settings:

    • Above 4G Decoding: Enabled

    • Re-Size BAR: Auto/Enabled

    • CSM: Disabled

  2. Kernel Parameters:

    • Tried pci=realloc: Did not resolve the no space error.

    • Tried iommu=soft: This allows the system to boot with "Above 4G Decoding" enabled (bypassing the blockdev error), BUT nvidia-smi fails to detect devices, or the system falls back to llvmpipe (software rendering) with a zoomed-in resolution.

  3. Display Manager:

    • Disabled Wayland in /etc/gdm3/custom.conf (WaylandEnable=false).
  4. Driver Installation:

    • Purged all apt nvidia packages.

    • Running the .run file for driver 580.126.09.

    • Installation completes successfully in Recovery Mode (Root Shell), but upon rebooting with iommu=soft, the driver doesn't seem to bind correctly to the cards.

The Question: How can I properly expose the BAR address space for both cards on a B550/Ryzen platform without breaking the NVMe/IOMMU controller? Is there a specific combination of GRUB parameters (e.g., pci=noalloc, iommu=pt, amd_iommu=on) that allows 4G decoding to coexist with a functional NVIDIA driver on this chipset?

Any insights on how to escape this loop would be appreciated.


I tested all suggestions, but the NVMe/Blockdev error persists. I have methodically tried all three proposed solutions, but unfortunately, they all result in the exact same boot failure. It seems that enabling "Above 4G Decoding" breaks the NVMe controller's ability to mount filesystems, regardless of the IOMMU parameters or BAR sizing.

Here is exactly what I tested:

Attempt 1 (`iommu=off`)
BIOS: Above 4G [Enabled], CSM [Disabled].
GRUB: iommu=off
Result: Boot failure. "Can't lookup blockdev".
Attempt 2 (pci=big_root_window):
BIOS: Above 4G [Enabled], CSM [Disabled].
GRUB: iommu=soft pci=big_root_window
Result: Boot failure. "Can't lookup blockdev".
Attempt 3 (Re-Size BAR Disabled):
BIOS: Above 4G [Enabled], Re-Size BAR [Disabled], CSM [Disabled].
GRUB: iommu=soft

Result: Boot failure. "Can't lookup blockdev".

The error log (identical in all 3 cases):

The system sees the drive initially (/dev/nvme0n1p2: clean...), but immediately loses access to block devices required for mounting snaps and the desktop environment:

/dev/nvme0n1p2: clean, 2954993/30498816 files, 87996494/121965088 blocks
[ 3.603861] /var/lib/snapd/snaps/firefox_2356.snap: Can't lookup blockdev
[ 3.603916] /var/lib/snapd/snaps/gnome-3-38-2004_119.snap: Can't lookup blockdev
[FAILED] Failed to mount Mount unit for firefox, revision 2356.
[FAILED] Failed to mount Mount unit for snapd, revision 18357.
[FAILED] Failed to start Process error reports when automatic reporting is enabled.

It appears impossible to keep the NVMe drive functional while "Above 4G Decoding" is Enabled on this B550/Ryzen setup with the current kernel parameters.

Is there any other specific IOMMU parameter (like amd_iommu=fullflush or iommu=pt) that specifically targets B550 NVMe conflicts? Or is moving the NVMe drive to a Chipset-controlled M.2 slot (instead of the CPU-controlled one) a potential workaround?

Ubuntu 25.10 freezes https://askubuntu.com/questions/1562323/ubuntu-25-10-freezes

My PC is an Ouvis S1 with 16GB RAM and 1TB storage. Since I upgraded to the latest version of Ubuntu 25.10, it keeps freezing. My CPU gets overloaded, as you can see in the picture I had to take from my phone, because there was no way I could take a screenshot.

phone camera shot
CPU usage

Curl 8.5.0 broken on Ubuntu 24.04 https://askubuntu.com/questions/1556762/curl-8-5-0-broken-on-ubuntu-24-04

My laptop has been upgraded from Ubuntu 22.04 to 24.04 and the installed version of curl is broken, not sure if it was the upgrade that broke it or some later update

> $ curl curl: error while loading shared libraries: libldap-2.5.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory which makes sense because Ubuntu 24.04 comes with libldap-2.6.7 ... but why is the curl version looking for libldap-2.5

all are official packages from noble-updates

> $ sudo apt-cache policy curl libcurl4t64 libldap-common
curl:
  Installed: 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.6
  Candidate: 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.6
  Version table:
 *** 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.6 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 Packages
libcurl4t64:
  Installed: 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.6
  Candidate: 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.6
  Version table:
 *** 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.6 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 Packages
libldap-common:
  Installed: 2.6.7+dfsg-1~exp1ubuntu8.2
  Candidate: 2.6.7+dfsg-1~exp1ubuntu8.2
  Version table:
 *** 2.6.7+dfsg-1~exp1ubuntu8.2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 Packages

anyone come across this before .... it's driving me crazy trying to fix it

I've tried compiling curl from source with the same result. Only curl i've managed to get working is via snap, which of course isn't able to write to hidden folders, so worse than useless :(

Ubuntu Server 24.04 randomly become unresponsive https://askubuntu.com/questions/1556384/ubuntu-server-24-04-randomly-become-unresponsive

I was running Ubuntu 22.04 LTS on the very same hardware for quite a while with little to no issues. Two weeks ago, I decided to make an upgrade to 24.04 LTS. First I tried do-release-upgrade command, which failed due to issues when connecting to security.ubuntu repositories. So, I made a "clean" install and configured the whole system from scratch. From that point on I have issues with the server randomly became unresponsive. The machine looks alive - the power and HDD-read leds are blinking, fans are running, HDDs are spinning, etc. Yet I cannot access any of the running services or to SSH to the server. When I turn on the monitor (always attached) it shows "no cable connected", and the machine do not responds to input from the keyboard. I need to manually restart the machine. Sometimes it freezes again in a matter of hours, and sometimes it works fine for days. No error messages or anything "interesting" in the logs. I have edited /etc/systemd/logind.conf as follows:

HandleSuspendKey=ignore
HandleSuspendKeyLongPress=ignore
HandleHibernateKey=ignore
HandleHibernateKeyLongPress=ignore
HandleLidSwitch=ignore
HandleLidSwitchExternalPower=ignore
HandleLidSwitchDocked=ignore

... IdleAction=ignore

I have masked sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target

I have also tried to add acpi=off in the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=, but then the system reports a 6-core Ryzen 5 1600 as a single core, single thread CPU, so I remove this line.

None of the above actions done the job for me. Probably disabling ACPI in the GRUB configuration has the ability to do so, as this was the measure that worked for a couple of days, but still I am not OK with 6C/12T CPU being reported as a 1C/1T?! I am running out of ideas and all the solutions Google gives me back are the ones, mentioned above...

p.s. the machine specs are:

  • MB: MEDION MD34030/2512
  • CPU: AMD Ryzen 5 1600
  • RAM: SAMSUNG DDR4 2400 MT/s
  • GPU: AMD Radeon Pro WX 2100
  • SSD: M.2 SATA 256 GB
  • HDD: HGST 2x6 TB + WD 2x3 TB LVM BTRSF
  • LAN: RTL8111/8168/8211/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
  • WAN: Intel Corporation Wireless 3165 Dual Band Wireless AC 3165
Show Recent Folders/Files/Items for an App Pinned to Dash/Dock (Taskbar) https://askubuntu.com/questions/1537552/show-recent-folders-files-items-for-an-app-pinned-to-dash-dock-taskbar

On Windows we can activate show recently opened items(folders, workspaces, files) in Jumplist on the taskbar.
I want to use the same functionality (on VSCode) on Ubuntu but I couldn't find a thing to do that.
I saw this issue but it didn't for me on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNOME/Wayland)

Example image on Windows

What is this mysterious firmware upgrade popup? https://askubuntu.com/questions/1527785/what-is-this-mysterious-firmware-upgrade-popup

I've been getting this popup for the last few days now.

popup

The popup is from an "Unknown App".

Does anyone know what this is from? Not sure what other information I can provide, but the operating system is Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS. Is this malware of some kind?

Integrated GNOME Shell screencast recording not showing mouse pointer https://askubuntu.com/questions/1511136/integrated-gnome-shell-screencast-recording-not-showing-mouse-pointer

System: Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, GNOME 42.9 X11

Although the option is toggled on, the pointer is visible in screenshots but not on the video recordings.

What can that be?

Can I run ASUS OLED Care in Ubuntu? https://askubuntu.com/questions/1436993/can-i-run-asus-oled-care-in-ubuntu

I recently bought an ASUS laptop with an OLED preinstalled with Windows 11. ASUS provides a package of tools called OLED Care that includes features like brightness dimming and a pixel shifter.

I installed Ubuntu 22.04 in dual boot configuration and realized that I will not have these features on Ubuntu. Now, I am worried about my OLED screen when I use ubuntu.

Are there any packages in Ubuntu which provide features similar to ASUS OLED Care?

Does this mean I cannot use Ubuntu on my OLED laptop? What precautions can I take to avoid harming my display? I prefer to use Ubuntu as I did not find WSL good enough.

Can't change file descriptor max limit in Ubuntu 20.04 (LTS) x64 https://askubuntu.com/questions/1377828/cant-change-file-descriptor-max-limit-in-ubuntu-20-04-lts-x64

Trying to increase system wide file descriptor count on Ubuntu 20.04 (LTS) x64, currently running as a droplet in DigitalOcean. Following the process outlined here; quick summary below:

  1. Use ulimit -n... prints 1024 ✅
  2. Add fs.file-max=900000 and fs.nr_open=9000001 to /etc/sysctl.conf
  3. Execute sysctl -p to make the changes take effect.
  4. Use ulimit -n to double check the changes... prints 1024 ❌ should have printed 900000!.

I would expect at step 4 to get something other than 1024! What I am doing wrong?

How to connect Raspberry Pi 4 to a hidden WiFi network on Ubuntu Server 20.04? https://askubuntu.com/questions/1276517/how-to-connect-raspberry-pi-4-to-a-hidden-wifi-network-on-ubuntu-server-20-04

I have a Raspberry Py 4 with Ubuntu Server 20.04. I want to setup a WiFi connection on it. I have two WiFi networks (2.4 ghz and 5 ghz), both are hidden and have WPA2-Personal setup.

In my /etc/netpaln/50-cloud-init.yaml I have the following config:

network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        eth0:
            dhcp4: true
            optional: true
    wifis:
        wlan0:
            optional: true
            access-points:
                "MY_HIDEN_SID":
                    password: "MY_PASSWORD"
            dhcp4: true

Unfortunately, network connection does not work. However, if I setup a mobile hotspot on my phone and change SID and password it connects successfully. So the reason must be in hidden network.

Question: How to connect Raspberry Pi 4 to a hidden WiFi network on Ubuntu Server 20.04?

UPDATE: It turns out there is an option in netplan to specify hidden networks. But it is available only from version 0.100. At the same time, it is not possible to identify which version is included into the 20.20 distribution (it is not the latest one) because netplan developers removed version information from the "netplan info" output.

UPDATE 2 This hack helped solve the issue.

How I will check that the mongodb service is runing or not using terminal command? https://askubuntu.com/questions/1114054/how-i-will-check-that-the-mongodb-service-is-runing-or-not-using-terminal-comman

I'm using mongodb database to save my application data into collection but by some reasons the mongodb connection is break and there is lot of problems occurs and I want to check the mongodb connection through terminal command. I searched for it and I found three commands which will be used but I'm confused that which command I have to use in the golang code.

Command 1. pgrep mongod this command will return me PID (process Id).

Command 2. ps -ef | grep mongod this command will returns me mongodb 15678 1 1 13:58 ? 00:00:01 /usr/bin/mongod --config /etc/mongod.conf

Command 3. ps -ef | grep mongod | grep -v grep | wc -l | tr -d ' ' this command I found from the stackoverflow accepted answer and it may be returns 0, 1. if there is other value except 0 then your mongodb is running as the answer say you can see link of the question

link:- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31561098/how-to-check-if-mongo-db-is-running-on-mac

Command 4. service --status-all | grep mongod will show me the mongod service with a signed like [ + ], or [ - ]. In the documentation they says that if the service with [ + ] the service is running and [ - ] the service is stopped. But on my localhost the mongod is running and it will show me [ - ] mongod when I execute this command. Why?

link:- https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-list-all-services-in-linux/

Please tell me that which Command I have to used to check that the mongodb is running or not I have to use that command in my golang code.

Update to new minecraft launcher https://askubuntu.com/questions/1033296/update-to-new-minecraft-launcher

I have been playing minecraft for a long time on ubuntu but I have always used the old 'java' launcher. Since there is a new launcher I would like to update minecraft to that. I have searched the internet but can't update it whatever I do even reinstalling the game won't fix it. Can anyone help me?

Ubuntu 18.04 fails to mount SD card while Windows 10 reads it perfectly https://askubuntu.com/questions/1030529/ubuntu-18-04-fails-to-mount-sd-card-while-windows-10-reads-it-perfectly

The SD card is NTFS formatted.

Ubuntu 18.04 fails to mount SD card while Windows 10 reads it perfectly and reports no errors.

Actually, Ubuntu will not even boot with the SD card inserted. ANy ideas/Suggestions?

I know there are similar questions around, although in my case it has nothing (?) to do with SD card erroneous partitions or not functioning since it works perfectly under windows 10. None of the found answers to previous similar questions seem to apply her (!?)

Here's the dmesg output

[ 9872.433010] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt.
[ 9872.433015] mmc0: sdhci: ============ SDHCI REGISTER DUMP ===========
[ 9872.433020] mmc0: sdhci: Sys addr:  0x00000008 | Version:  0x00000603
[ 9872.433024] mmc0: sdhci: Blk size:  0x00000200 | Blk cnt:  0x00000008
[ 9872.433028] mmc0: sdhci: Argument:  0x0eb875b0 | Trn mode: 0x0000003b
[ 9872.433032] mmc0: sdhci: Present:   0x01ff0000 | Host ctl: 0x00000017
[ 9872.433037] mmc0: sdhci: Power:     0x0000000f | Blk gap:  0x00000000
[ 9872.433042] mmc0: sdhci: Wake-up:   0x00000000 | Clock:    0x00000007
[ 9872.433046] mmc0: sdhci: Timeout:   0x0000000a | Int stat: 0x00000000
[ 9872.433050] mmc0: sdhci: Int enab:  0x02ff008b | Sig enab: 0x02ff008b
[ 9872.433055] mmc0: sdhci: AC12 err:  0x00000004 | Slot int: 0x00000000
[ 9872.433059] mmc0: sdhci: Caps:      0x25bec8bf | Caps_1:   0x1000207f
[ 9872.433064] mmc0: sdhci: Cmd:       0x0000123a | Max curr: 0x005800c8
[ 9872.433068] mmc0: sdhci: Resp[0]:   0x00000900 | Resp[1]:  0x20307470
[ 9872.433072] mmc0: sdhci: Resp[2]:   0x20202020 | Resp[3]:  0x00000b00
[ 9872.433075] mmc0: sdhci: Host ctl2: 0x0000800b
[ 9872.433080] mmc0: sdhci: ADMA Err:  0x00000000 | ADMA Ptr: 0x34800208
[ 9872.433081] mmc0: sdhci: ============================================
[ 9872.433181] mmcblk0: error -110 sending stop command, original cmd response 0x0, card status 0x400900
[ 9872.433184] mmcblk0: error -110 transferring data, sector 246969776, nr 8, cmd response 0x0, card status 0x0
[ 9873.265026] mmc0: Tuning timeout, falling back to fixed sampling clock
[ 9873.351446] mmcblk0: response CRC error sending r/w cmd command, card status 0x900
[ 9873.405031] mmc0: Tuning timeout, falling back to fixed sampling clock
OLED and AMOLED displays https://askubuntu.com/questions/938905/oled-and-amoled-displays

I know in the realm of LCD displays it makes sense to control the brightness of the screen by modulating the brightness of the white backlight that illuminates the screen as a whole. However in case of LED displays, each pixel is lit independently and since this is the case, it doesn't make sense to have the /sys/class/backlight directory and the files and directories in it. My questions are the following:

  1. Do laptops and desktop computers with OLED and AMOLED or any other LED lighting technology have the /sys/class/backlight directory and the files and directories in it.

  2. And is the increasingly ubiquitous problem of lacking the /sys/class/backlight directory in Ubuntu and other related linux distros a result of the systems' having LED based display technologies.

  3. Since most linux systems - and third party software like xrandr control screen brightness by modulating the value of the brightness file in /sys/class/backlight directory, what is to be done for the controlling of screen brightness in systems of this sort.

Microphone isn't working in Ubuntu 16.04 https://askubuntu.com/questions/919153/microphone-isnt-working-in-ubuntu-16-04

Today I decided I would install Ubuntu 16.04 alongside my Windows 10 in a dual boot system. After installing everything, I decided to install Discord to talk with some friends, then I noticed that my microphone wasn't working. I thought that there may be a problem with my Discord install, but there isn't after I checked that my microphone wasn't working in many more programs (including System Settings -> Sound where no sound was showing up).

I also have to mention that my sound is working completely fine. It's just the mic that's not working. The microphone is part of my headset (CREATIVE Sound BlasterX H7).

I checked all the forums and tried many different solutions. Some of them were:

  • Checking that the microphone isn't muted (it isn't);

  • Checking my settings in the pavucontrol panel. Trying to split the channels and lowering each channel at a time to check if the mic will work after that.

  • Looking at the Configuration panel in pavucontrol and setting it to Analog Stereo Duplex

  • Looking at the alsamixer and checking that the mic isn't muted (look at the pictures below) [I may have overlooked this step]

  • Trying to install a new vivid alsa dkms driver

  • Restarting the audio drivers

I am 100% sure my microphone is functioning, since I can use it without any problems on Windows 10 or on any other machine.

Imporant specs [since there may be a problem with my computer's drivers]:

i7-6700k Skylake / z170x gaming 7 Gigabyte / 2 monitors each having its own speakers

enter image description here

Here you can see all the audio devices:

➜  ~ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CA0132 Analog [CA0132 Analog]
  Subdevices: 0/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: CA0132 Digital [CA0132 Digital]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 0/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
fatal error: zend_smart_str.h: No such file or directory https://askubuntu.com/questions/906558/fatal-error-zend-smart-str-h-no-such-file-or-directory

I am trying to install oci8 using "pecl install oci8" command but getting error as -

fatal error: zend_smart_str.h: No such file or directory
 #include "zend_smart_str.h"

following are my system details - 1.ubuntu 14.04 2.php 7.0.17-2+deb.sury.org~trusty+1

steps I followed -

  1. download instantclient-basic-linux-12.2.0.1.0.zip

  2. download instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip

  3. create dir in /opt/oracle
  4. extract both zip files
  5. run pecl install oci8 command

Outout -

/bin/bash /tmp/oci8-2.1.4/libtool --mode=compile cc  -I. -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4 -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4/include -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4/main -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4 -I/usr/include/php5 -I/usr/include/php5/main -I/usr/include/php5/TSRM -I/usr/include/php5/Zend -I/usr/include/php5/ext -I/usr/include/php5/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2/sdk/include  -DHAVE_CONFIG_H  -g -O2   -c /tmp/oci8-2.1.4/oci8.c -o oci8.lo 
libtool: compile:  cc -I. -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4 -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4/include -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4/main -I/tmp/oci8-2.1.4 -I/usr/include/php5 -I/usr/include/php5/main -I/usr/include/php5/TSRM -I/usr/include/php5/Zend -I/usr/include/php5/ext -I/usr/include/php5/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/oci8-2.1.4/oci8.c  -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/oci8.o
/tmp/oci8-2.1.4/oci8.c:36:28: fatal error: zend_smart_str.h: No such file or directory
 #include "zend_smart_str.h"
                            ^
compilation terminated.
make: *** [oci8.lo] Error 1

Please help!! Thanks much.

Copy path from meld window https://askubuntu.com/questions/889856/copy-path-from-meld-window

When viewing files in meld I sometimes need to copy the path of a file. In 14.04 and earlier the file names were shown as text fields where I could easily copy the path from.

In 16.04 the text field has been replaced with a widget used for loading a file. So I can no longer copy the path like I used to.

How can I copy the path of a file I am viewing in meld in 16.04?

Problem with installing libtiff5-dev https://askubuntu.com/questions/490111/problem-with-installing-libtiff5-dev

I am new to the whole Linux OS, and I have been having trouble installing some packages, including libtiff5-dev, libtiff5 , libjbig-dev and libmagickcore-dev. I keep getting the following message:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libtiff5-dev : Depends: libtiff5 (= 4.0.3-7) but 4.0.3-7ubuntu0.1 is to be installed
                Depends: libjbig-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

However I do not know what to do. I'm running Ubuntu 14.04.

How do I bypass/ignore the gpg signature checks of apt? https://askubuntu.com/questions/74345/how-do-i-bypass-ignore-the-gpg-signature-checks-of-apt

All of the key-servers I visit are timing out. I need to install packages without checking the signatures of the public keys. Is there a way to bypass all the signature checks/ignore all of the signature errors or fool apt into thinking the signature passed?

I am very well aware it is dangerous to do this

Nautilus is frozen, cannot be used, and cannot be killed https://askubuntu.com/questions/59348/nautilus-is-frozen-cannot-be-used-and-cannot-be-killed

I'm experiencing the weirdest problem right now. Nautilus is essentially not working right now. My desktop is frozen, clicking and right clicking doesn't work, I can't open anything in nautilus, etc. It simply is broken. The problem is that I can't exactly kill it with anything.

while true; sudo killall -9 nautilus ; done doesn't kill it.

I can't log out because I'm right in the middle of a long upload and I'm not going to kill it if I can help it. Is there something I can do to reload nautilus without logging out?