I have a Lenovo Gaming 3i with GTX 1650 Ti. Just upgraded to the latest 26.04 and having issues with graphics. It also appears to get stuck on the load screen (Ubuntu/Lenovo Logo) but it just takes a bit longer and eventually loads the login screen. I think it may be happening when I connect the monitor. While logged in, whenever I connect the HDMI cable, it becomes unresponsive. Removing it will make it responsive again. I'm currently using nvidia-graphics-driver-590-open.

I am completely new to Linux dist. coming from Windows 10. I have installed Ubuntu and installed Steam. Almost all the games in my library are not running after installation.

I actually have a dual GPU in my desktop. Both are connected to each other by a card called 'SLI'. First GPU ensures imaging (rendering video). Second GPU ensures mathematical calculations.

I even installed the latest nvidia driver that is listed on the official ubuntu website. I tried via ChatGPT prompts to find a solution but nothing helped.

Can someone please provide support? I am very desperate.

I have installed Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS Desktop.
I installed the driver with:

sudo ubuntu-drivers install nvidia:535

Further info:

• Version of currently running driver:
  • NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module 535.288.01

HP x2 elite gen 8, Ubuntu 25.10 is installed. There's an auto-brightness sensor, and if you type "monitor-sensor" in the terminal, the values ​​change when you cover the top of the display with your hand. I'm a newbie, and I bought the tablet to learn Linux.The hardware buttons on the keyboard work and change the brightness. The brightness slider also works.

For reference, I use a Framework 13. I've been having an issue for several months now where the p, 0, and - keys will stop working, seemingly at random. Function always returns eventually, and it's only ever these three keys, and always those three together. I'm not very well-versed in Ubuntu and I've heard that restarting the keyboard drivers can work, but I'm not sure if I'm doing it right.

I tried this script:

sudo rmmod usbhid; sleep 3; sudo modprobe usbhid;

I have been a member for 8 years, 7 months. (And if I remember correctly, I was a member for a couple of years on the previous forum.

I do not need help often as i find answers to my questions almost always. And so I never ask questions. I also am I simple user, so I always trail behind useful comment's, and feel like I cannot contribute more to a certain topic...

Thx, For all you input, and (upvotes), in advance.

PS: I cannot even post this post because of my reputation:

Creating the new tags 'upvote reputation comments' requires at least 300 reputation. Try something from the existing tags list instead.

I'd like to open teamviewer on my ubuntu pc . I know that there are other software better than teamviewer and I'm open to suggestions.

I can connect to my pc through ssh -x .I run export DISPLAY=:0 but when I try export DISPLAY=:0 and then teamviewer I get

xprop:  unable to open display ':0'
CheckCPU: SSE2 support: yes
Checking setup...
Launching TeamViewer ...
Launching TeamViewer GUI ...
Aborted (core dumped)

The only way I can successfully run any software through the ssh/terminal on my client is if I physically login to my user on my server, which defeats the purpose of remote login.

I am trying to upgrade an old linux machine from Ubuntu 20.04 to the latest LTS. I am being blocked by a single package failing to update.

When upgrading via the Software Updater, the upgrade fails with the error:

The repository 'https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org focal Release' does not have a Release file.

I get the same error when running sudo apt update from the command line.

I previously installed TOR by downloading a tar file. I have attempted to purge all remnants of the installation from my machine but nothing seems to work.

So far I have tried:

• removing all tor related packages by checking the output of sudo apt list --installed | grep tor
• removing all entries in "Other Software" on the software and updates GUI
• deleting the torbrowser directory in ~/.local/share (this is where it was originally unpacked to)
• running a find on "*torproject*" and deleting the only matching file (deleted a cache file)
• running a find on "start-tor-browser.desktop"and deleting the only matching file (deleted another cache file)

I have rebooted a few times as well for good measure but I can't get rid of this error.

Do I have to pay for Ubuntu pro key when i need it just for 1 virtual machine?

On the website https://ubuntu.com/pro/subscribe it says:

"Free, personal subscription for 5 machines for you or any business you own, or 50 machines for active Ubuntu Community members. If you need phone support or need to cover more than 5 machines, please select "My organization.""

But I've read elsewhere that I need the paid version of Ubuntu Pro.

I am in the process of upgrading from Ubuntu 22.04 to Ubuntu 24.04, and I'm having a problem with recovering some 10 plus years of Firefox bookmarks. The last few months of 22.04 Firefox became prone to freezing so I would have to reboot to clear it. In frustration I tried Chromium, but found it only slightly less prone to freezing, so I decided to upgrade to Ubuntu 24.04 to see if it would be any better.

That's when I discovered that Chromium had without any notice to me converted all my HTML Firefox bookmarks to JSON formatted Chromium bookmarks.

Is there:

1. A way to turn JSON back into HTML
2. A way to get Firefox to accept JSON bookmarks
3. Do I have to accept the fact that I am permanently cursed with Chromium?

I just installed Ubuntu for the first time on my MacBook Pro 2023, and I didn't have the option to connect to wifi at all. I searched here and tried everything, but nothing worked. Here's my terminal output with the Broadcom stuff.

01:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcam Inc. And subsidiaries Device [14e4:4434] (rev 04)

And then right below it:

01:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcam Inc. And subsidiaries Device [14e4:5f72](rev 04)

I am a long-time Ubuntu user, and have been using this laptop with Ubuntu as the only OS since I bought it six years ago. I am currently running Ubuntu 25.10. The laptop has always booted up in around a minute or so. Recently I added a second screen for my coding work so I can ssh to Arduinos, ESP32s and my new toy, a Jetson Orin Nano. At first booting was as before, but I noticed that sometimes the Ubuntu symbol appeared on the second screen but without the login box, so I had no way of logging in.

I held down the power switch (I should have ran Alt-Print-reisub, but I forgot about that until now), and then powered it back on. This time both screens remained blank. I powered down again by holding down the power switch (bad I know) removed the second screen and powered back up. Nothing was happening on the screen, but the HDD LED was flashing now and then and sometimes the fan started up, but the screen remained blank for several minutes.

After a while I left the laptop to go and do something else. When I returned the login screen was there and everything worked as normal. I intend to shutdown properly now without the second screen connected to see if I can logon in a reasonable time frame next time, but I thought I'd ask if anyone here has had experienced this first.

I rent two virtual servers at Strato. A few days ago I upgrade both machines via do-release-upgrade to Ubuntu 24.04 coming from 22.04. On one machine everything works fine, on the other one I have DNS name resolution problems. I found this question: DNS at systemd's 127.0.0.53 is ignoring some lookups and tried following the answer to that. I also had a look at https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/systemd/systemd-resolved/

As far as I could say, the systemd-resolved looked like it should. /etc/resolv.conf was a symlink to /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf in /etc/systemd/resolved.conf I had the same content as on the other server where it works fine:

[Resolve]
DNS=85.214.154.81
DNS=2620:fe::fe
FallbackDNS=85.215.236.86

But after the upgrade to 24.04 name resolution was just impossible. I changed DNS server addresses, I removed the symlink und recreated it. I checked if there is any other software triing to make dns, but there wasn't. If I try to ping a domain like google.com I only get Temporary failure in name resolution

The only possibility I found to be able to have name resolution is to remove the symlink and instead make a plain file /etc/resolv.conf with nameserver 8.8.8.8 as the only content, other strato nameservers don't work there.

Then I can do apt update and upgrade and ping domains. But after a while without touching (I am not yet sure how long it takes, but it is less then 12 hours) name resolution again doesn't work. Even though systemd-resolved status says it runs, without failures. A restart of the service makes name resolution functioning again.

If I google for my problem, beneath the resolved things I mentioned above, most likely it is suggested I should check my netplan configuration. But there is no netplan configuration, beacuse netplan is not installed (on the other server, that doesn't have any problems, it is not installed either).

I checked local firewall, if there is anything outgoing blocked, but there isn't. I reinstalled systemd-resolved.

On this server I am only hosting a nextcloud, nothing else happens on this server.

I am pretty sure I forgot some information you would need to help me and also forget to write soemthin I already tried as I invested multiple hours in this till now. I appreciate any hint and help with this.

The weirdest part for me is, that 8.8.8.8 as nameserver in /etc/resolv.conf works, other servers, that are reachable by there IP don't. And if I set the symlink and write 8.8.8.8 as nameserver in /etc/systemd/resolved.conf it doesn't work either. I sure miss somethin here, but I don't get what...

Thanks in advance.

Okay, again I did now:

resolvectl log-level debug
resolvectl query example.com
journalctl -u systemd-resolved -b0

The output of uname -a is (behind the hostname):

5.4.0 #1 SMP Mon Sep 30 15:36:27 MSK 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

A recent auto-upgrade from 6.14.0-37 to 6.17.0-14 yields a kernel panic at boot: Unable to mount root fs Unknown Block (0,0)

To get the machine up I have to select 6.14.0-37 from the GRUB boot menu. I can no longer do a normal boot/reboot because GRUB auto boots the newest (bad) kernel. I want to remove 6.17.0-14 from the GRUB menu.

All the help articles I've found instruct how to remove old kernel versions. How do I remove the NEWEST kernel version and retain the oldest in GRUB?

In reply to @heynnema:

ls -al /boot | grep init
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       28 Feb 22 08:04 initrd.img -> initrd.img-6.17.0-14-generic
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 75369010 Feb 22 08:00 initrd.img-6.14.0-37-generic
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       28 Feb 22 06:24 initrd.img.old -> initrd.img-6.14.0-37-generic

In reply to guiverc:

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS
Release:    24.04
Codename:   noble

In reply to david, looks like a DKMS build issue:

Setting up linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j24 KERNELRELEASE=6.17.0-14-generic -C /lib/modules/6.17.0-14-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/virtualbox-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.17.0-14-generic/x86_64 failed for virtualbox(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
 * dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
   ...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic (--configure):
installed linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 11
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04:
 linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 depends on linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic; however:
  Package linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic-hwe-24.04:
 linux-generic-hwe-24.04 depends on linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 (= 6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1); however:
  Package linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-generic-hwe-24.04 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der
Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j24 KERNELRELEASE=6.17.0-14-generic -C /lib/modules/6.17.0-14-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/virtualbox-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.17.0-14-generic/x86_64 failed for virtualbox(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
 * dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
   ...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (--configure):
 installed linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 11
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic
 linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04
 linux-generic-hwe-24.04
 linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic

DKMS issue relates to building the VirtualBox 7.0.16 kernel module.

Installing Linux Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS to older iMac from flash drive. I get past EFI boot option. I edit boot entry with “nomodeset” at end of line. I press F10. Then it gets stuck at “Booting a command list”. Any help?

To force Ubuntu 24.10 to use Wayland with Nvidia driver 565, I followed these steps:

1. Check and Set GDM Configuration: Edit the GDM configuration file to ensure Wayland is enabled:

   • Open a terminal and run: sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf
   • Make sure the line WaylandEnable=true is present and uncommented. Save and exit.
   • Restart GDM with: sudo systemctl restart gdm3.

2. Verify Nvidia Driver: Confirm the Nvidia driver is installed and functional:

   • Run nvidia-smi to check if the GPU is recognized and ensure the version is 565.

3. Kernel Parameter: If Wayland doesn’t work, add the kernel parameter nvidia-drm.modeset=1:

   • Edit /etc/default/grub with sudo nano /etc/default/grub,
   • Add nvidia-drm.modeset=1 to GRUB_DEFAULT_OPTIONS, via GRUB_DEFAULT_OPTIONS="quiet splash nvidia-drm.modeset=1"
   • Then run sudo update-grub and reboot.

This $XDG_SESSION_TYPE always outputs x11:

echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE -> x11

I verified the display server using the loginctl command at the login screen to check the GDM session. These are the couple of active sessions - TX 2070

If I install via Software & Updates - 560.35.x defaults to Wayland on Ubuntu 24.10 via the open kernel metapackage from nvidia-driver-560-open(proprietary, tested)

If I do a run method installation the 565.77 & 570.86.16 beta defaults to x11 and I can't switch to Wayland

I'm running Ubuntu 22.04 LTS on WSL2 and have been running into some kind of apt issue where with a working internet connection and confirmed nslookups I always generate a phantom Error: Timeout Was Reached. I say phantom because I've checked every conceivable log and cannot find anything hinting at what error or connection errors would be relevant. Logs I've checked,

• journalctl
• apt term and history logs
• syslog
• dmesg

I've also tried every apt clean, remove, autoremove command.

I've tried running update in a more verbose mode but there is still no indicator why apt update always finishes with a timeout despite being able to find other requested packages. I've tried editing sources.list with the vanilla sources.list for 22.04 and still timeout. I've tried enabling a single source at a time but they all hit a timeout at the end regardless of successful fetches.

I am at a complete loss what is causing this, please let me know if there's further logs I can share.

Here is an example of the output of sudo apt update:

Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Error: Timeout was reached
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

Here is an example of that end of output I receive from sudo apt -oDebug::pkgAcquire::Worker=1 update

0% [Waiting for headers] <- http:102%20Status%0aMessage:%20Waiting%20for%20headers%0aURI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/InRelease
 <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%20871920D1991BC93C%0aSigned-By:%20F6ECB3762474EDA9D21B7022871920D1991BC93C!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.canonical.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.canonical.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease
 -> gpgv:600%20URI%20Acquire%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease%0aTarget-Type:%20index%0aTarget-Release:%20jammy-security%0aTarget-Repo-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/%0aTarget-Base-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-security/%0aTarget-Site:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu%0aIndex-File:%20true%0aMaximum-Size:%2010000000%0aLast-Modified:%20Tue,%2030%20Jan%202024%2006:38:28%20GMT%0aFail-Ignore:%20true%0a%0a
0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%20871920D1991BC93C%0aSigned-By:%20F6ECB3762474EDA9D21B7022871920D1991BC93C!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease
0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] <- http:201%20URI%20Done%0aIMS-Hit:%20true%0aLast-Modified:%20Fri,%2019%20Jan%202024%2017:47:17%20+0000%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aURI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/InRelease
 -> gpgv:600%20URI%20Acquire%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aTarget-Type:%20index%0aTarget-Release:%20jammy-backports%0aTarget-Repo-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/%0aTarget-Base-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/%0aTarget-Site:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu%0aIndex-File:%20true%0aMaximum-Size:%2010000000%0aLast-Modified:%20Fri,%2019%20Jan%202024%2017:47:17%20GMT%0aFail-Ignore:%20true%0a%0a
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
0% [Waiting for headers] <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%20871920D1991BC93C%0aSigned-By:%20F6ECB3762474EDA9D21B7022871920D1991BC93C!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease
0% [Waiting for headers] <- https:201%20URI%20Done%0aIMS-Hit:%20true%0aLast-Modified:%20Mon,%2023%20May%202022%2016:49:11%20+0000%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aURI:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu/dists/jammy/InRelease
 -> gpgv:600%20URI%20Acquire%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aTarget-Type:%20index%0aTarget-Release:%20jammy%0aTarget-Repo-URI:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu/%0aTarget-Base-URI:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu/dists/jammy/%0aTarget-Site:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu%0aIndex-File:%20true%0aMaximum-Size:%2010000000%0aLast-Modified:%20Mon,%2023%20May%202022%2016:49:11%20GMT%0aFail-Ignore:%20true%0a%0a
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu jammy InRelease
0% [Working] <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%208094BB14F4E3FBBE%0aSigned-By:%207BE3E5681146FD4F1A40EDA28094BB14F4E3FBBE!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InReleaseError: Timeout was reached
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them

UPDATE: Reset sources.list to just use archive.ubuntu.com

sources.list:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ jammy partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ jammy partner

result:

Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Error: Timeout was reached
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

Without evidence, if I had to guess, I'd say this all started with a botched a mysql uninstall a few weeks ago, not sure if that provides any helpful context.

On my lubuntu 22.04 I need to change the file /etc/hosts. To do that I would to execute the command:

> /usr/bin/cp /path/to/new_hosts /etc/hosts

by a non root user without the sudo command. To do this I have add the following line to the file /etc/sudoers:

<username> ALL = (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/cp /path/to/new_hosts /etc/hosts

By previous directive the user can replace the file /etc/hosts by the file new_hosts without inserting the root password.

I have checked the correct syntax of /etc/sudoers by the command:

> sudo visudo -c /etc/sudoers

The output of the command is:

/etc/sudoers: parsed OK
/etc/sudoers.d/10-installer: parsed OK
/etc/sudoers.d/README: parsed OK
/etc/sudoers.d/kdesu-sudoers: parsed OK

The message /etc/sudoers: parsed OK assures me that the syntax of /etc/sudoers is correct.

When I execute the cp command by a terminal the result is Permission denied.

Where is the mistake?

Kernel panic:

[    3.141867] Initramfs unpacking failed: write error
[    4.000172] Failed to execute /init (error -2)
[    4.006616] Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.   
Try passing init= option to kernel.   
See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.
[    4.013053] CPU: 2 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.19.0-32-generic #33~2
2.04.1-Ubuntu
[    4.017130] Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBo
x 12/01/2006
[    4.021026] Call Trace:
[    4.022612]  <TASK>
[    4.025544]  show_stack+0x52/0x69
[    4.027544]  dump_stack_lvl+0x49/0x6d
[    4.029676]  dump_stack+0x10/0x18
[    4.031716]  panic+0x162/0x2fb
[    4.033552]  kernel_init+0x164/0x170
[    4.035771]  ? rest_init+0x100/0x100
[    4.037785]  ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
[    4.039871]  </TASK>
[    4.042282] Kernel Offset: 0x37800000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation  
range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    4.047528] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.  
Try passing init= option to kernel.   
See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance. ]---

What's wrong here? How do I fix this?

In Ubuntu 22.04 network settings I have the option to manually choose to use a link-local address (which will be configured automatically if I do). I'm looking for the equivalent of the link-local option to be chosen automatically if there's no DHCP server detected on the network. This seems to happen on e.g. macOS and iOS when they're set to use DHCP as far as I can tell, and I find that very convenient.

One underlying problem that would be solved by this is that when I connect my Raspberry Pi Zero with USB it's detected as a wired network interface, but it's given a new identity each time and therefore doesn't keep its network settings. I'd have to manually set it to link-local every time in order to access it.

Thanks Czar for responding. Edits: I timed the boot with a stopwatch from the Grub menu and it was 2 minutes and 17 seconds systemd-analyze reports 1 min 28 seconds Not sure why there is this difference My graphics is a Radeon 5450 [AMD/ATI] Cedar [Radeon HD 5000/6000/7350/8350 Series]

The output of journalctl was immense and too long to paste here. In factit was 403MB of data. Output of lsblk -f is:

NAME   FSTYPE   LABEL                           UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
loop0  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/core/8935
loop1  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/core/9066
loop2  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/core18/1705
loop3  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/core18/1754
loop4  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/116
loop5  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/71
loop6  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/27
loop7  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1502
loop8  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1506
loop9  squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/mc-installer/488
loop10 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/mc-installer/496
loop11 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/minetest/1370
loop12 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/minetest/1521
loop13 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/quake-shareware/10
loop14 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/quake-shareware/14
loop15 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/quakespasm-beidl/45
loop16 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/snap-store/433
loop17 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/vlc/1397
loop18 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/vlc/1620
loop19 squashfs                                                                            0   100% /snap/yamagi-quake2-beidl/40
sda                                                                                                 
├─sda1 ntfs     System Reserved                 DEAC9B64AC9B364D                                    
├─sda2 ntfs                                     48B49D12B49D039A                                    
├─sda3 ntfs                                     30A404C2A4048C92                                    
├─sda4                                                                                              
└─sda5 ext4                                     09bbb74b-60e5-4bae-99a4-86e6ed35a9dc  100.8G    48% /
sr0    udf      LOTR_THE_FELLOWSHIP_OF_THE_RING 2caf81e800000000                           0   100% /media/bloch/LOTR_THE_FELLOWSHIP_OF_THE_RING

My OptiPlex 9010 is slow to boot. I had Ubuntu 19.10 installed and some problems with a blank screen after booting on my Dell P2412H monitor. Then I upgraded to 20.04. The boot time seems to be slightly reduced, but still slow. I don't know if the monitor problem is related to the slow boot.

The output of systemd-analyze blame is below:

44.890s plymouth-quit-wait.service                                           
29.461s dev-sda5.device                                                      
28.830s systemd-journal-flush.service                                        
24.891s snapd.service                                                        
23.393s networkd-dispatcher.service                                          
20.497s udisks2.service                                                      
20.161s dev-loop15.device                                                    
20.104s dev-loop18.device                                                    
19.874s dev-loop17.device                                                    
19.790s dev-loop19.device                                                    
19.686s dev-loop6.device                                                     
19.551s dev-loop10.device                                                    
19.163s dev-loop5.device                                                     
17.642s dev-loop16.device                                                    
17.553s dev-loop0.device                                                     
17.528s dev-loop12.device                                                    
17.489s dev-loop13.device                                                    
17.429s dev-loop2.device                                                     
17.429s dev-loop4.device                                                     
17.370s dev-loop14.device                                                    
16.999s accounts-daemon.service                                              
16.812s dev-loop8.device                                                     
16.358s dev-loop9.device                                                     
16.300s dev-loop11.device                                                    
15.985s dev-loop3.device                                                     
14.782s dev-loop7.device                                                     
14.051s dev-loop1.device                                                     
11.180s NetworkManager-wait-online.service                                   
10.320s ModemManager.service                                                 
 9.707s apport-autoreport.service                                            
 8.384s systemd-udevd.service                                                
 8.036s polkit.service                                                       
 7.970s NetworkManager.service                                               
 7.914s avahi-daemon.service                                                 
 7.490s switcheroo-control.service                                           
 6.158s thermald.service                                                     
 6.156s wpa_supplicant.service                                               
 6.152s systemd-logind.service                                               
 5.195s gpu-manager.service                                                  
 5.188s systemd-resolved.service                                             
 4.668s grub-common.service                                                  
 4.614s apport.service                                                       
 4.322s rsyslog.service                                                      
 3.299s apparmor.service                                                     
 2.992s grub-initrd-fallback.service                                         
 2.885s colord.service                                                       
 2.712s e2scrub_reap.service                                                 
 2.604s snapd.apparmor.service                                               
 2.257s snap-core-8935.mount                                                 
 2.191s snap-core-9066.mount                                                 
 2.100s postfix@-.service                                                    
 2.076s gdm.service                                                          
 2.057s snap-core18-1705.mount                                               
 1.955s snap-core18-1754.mount                                               
 1.745s geoclue.service                                                      
 1.707s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-116.mount                              
 1.672s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-71.mount                               
 1.610s fwupd.service                                                        
 1.481s plymouth-read-write.service                                          
 1.472s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-27.mount                               
 1.429s systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service                                       
 1.366s pppd-dns.service                                                     
 1.365s smartmontools.service                                                
 1.299s snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1502.mount                              
 1.274s user@1000.service                                                    
 1.226s snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1506.mount                              
 1.200s systemd-modules-load.service                                         
 1.002s snap-mc\x2dinstaller-488.mount                                       
  935ms binfmt-support.service                                               
  904ms snapd.seeded.service                                                 
  903ms snap-mc\x2dinstaller-496.mount                                       
  895ms plymouth-start.service                                               
  820ms user-runtime-dir@1000.service                                        
  765ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service                                   
  762ms snap-minetest-1370.mount                                             
  741ms systemd-random-seed.service                                          
  677ms modprobe@drm.service                                                 
  655ms keyboard-setup.service                                               
  640ms systemd-sysusers.service                                             
  638ms systemd-journald.service                                             
  637ms snap-minetest-1521.mount                                             
  585ms systemd-udev-trigger.service                                         
  579ms systemd-sysctl.service                                               
  561ms snap-quake\x2dshareware-10.mount                                     
  550ms swapfile.swap                                                        
  503ms snap-quake\x2dshareware-14.mount                                     
  473ms upower.service                                                       
  467ms kerneloops.service                                                   
  450ms ufw.service                                                          
  437ms snap-quakespasm\x2dbeidl-45.mount                                    
  411ms systemd-timesyncd.service                                            
  341ms snap-vlc-1620.mount                                                  
  300ms snap-yamagi\x2dquake2\x2dbeidl-40.mount                              
  261ms snap-snap\x2dstore-433.mount                                         
  215ms systemd-remount-fs.service                                           
  214ms console-setup.service                                                
  191ms snap-vlc-1397.mount                                                  
  161ms dev-hugepages.mount                                                  
  160ms dev-mqueue.mount                                                     
  159ms sys-kernel-debug.mount                                               
  159ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount                                             
  149ms kmod-static-nodes.service                                            
  138ms rtkit-daemon.service                                                 
   97ms proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount                                        
   94ms systemd-user-sessions.service                                        
   93ms systemd-update-utmp.service                                          
   78ms setvtrgb.service                                                     
   76ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service                                       
   65ms openvpn.service                                                      
    9ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service                                 
    8ms alsa-restore.service                                                 
    3ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount                                        
    2ms sys-kernel-config.mount                                              
  746us snapd.socket                                                         
  401us clean-mount-point@media-bloch-LOTR_THE_FELLOWSHIP_OF_THE_RING.service




  bloch@bloch-OptiPlex-9010:~/Desktop$ systemd-analyze
    Startup finished in 4.838s (kernel) + 1min 30.328s (userspace) = 1min 35.166s 
    graphical.target reached after 1min 30.246s in userspace

Since a few days, I can't boot my computer on ubuntu, I can't even access rescue mode or boot on a liveusb to try to reinstall my os. Windows is booting fine however.

On a regular ubuntu boot some services fail to start and at some point, the boot process simply stops

When I try to start rescue mode or boot with liveusb, I have other messages like AMD-VI: Completion-Wait loop timed out and iommu ivhd0: Event logged [IOTLB_INV_TIMEOUT device=1b:00.0 address=0x40e596610] or Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected inside scheduler

Computer specs :

• Motherboard: b350 PC MATE (bios up-to-date)
• CPU: Ryzen 5 2600X
• GPU: radeon RX 570
• Ubuntu 18.04.2

edit I check my hardware (memtest, gpu/cpu stress test, SMART drive check) and nothing is wrong, I event tried another graphic card. I tried to boot with ubuntu 16.04 liveusb, same issue. I tried boot options noapic, nolapic without any success, with acpi=off I have the following screen

I tried to boot with ubuntu daily build to have the latest kernel, but no luck.

I managed to access my terminal, update-grub didn't help, but when I typed sudo apt update I had E: Error reading the CPU table. /usr/share/dpkg/cputable was missing, I copied a version of the file I found in /snap/core18/941/usr/share/dpkg/cputable and now I have E: Cannot find dpkg tuplet or triplet table

I have these problems on every boot. Basically the booting my system acts like a state machine. The first state is booting into a black screen. I'm forced to power the PC off. After this, the next boot results in e2fsck detecting a problem with the superblock checksum as shown below.

fsck.ext4: Superblock checksum does not match superblock while trying to open /dev/sda11   
/dev/sda11:     
The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem.  
If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4   
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock      
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an  alternate superblock:   
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>  
or   
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>  

fsck exited with status code 8 
[ 8.457351] EXT4-fs (sda11): VFS: Found ext4 filesystem with invalid superblock checksum.   
Run e2fsck? 
mount: mounting /dev/sda11 on /root failed: Bad message 
mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory   
mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory  
mount: mounting /run on /root/run failed: No such file or directory  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0 
Target filesystem doesn't have requested /sbin/init.  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0 run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
No init found. Try passing init= bootarg.  

BusyBox v1.27.2 (Ubuntu 1:1.27.2-2ubuntu3.2) built-in shell (ash)  
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.  

(initramfs) e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sda11 -y

As shown, I run an e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sda11 -y

The result of this is the following - directories, free inodes counts wrong => file system modified (and the values are identical on every startup):

Directories count wrong for group #912 (0, counted=1397). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #928 (8192, counted=4172). Fix? yes
Directories count wrong for group #928 (0, counted=1397). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #944 (8192, counted=2957). Fix? yes
Directories count wrong for group #944 (0, counted=794). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #992 (8192, counted=8191). Fix? yes
Directories count wrong for group #992 (0, counted=1). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong (8421365, counted=8006580). Fix? yes

/dev/sda11: ***** FILE SYSTEM HAS MODIFIED ***** /dev/sda11:  
414796/8421376 files (0.4% non-contiguous), 10761546/33684480 blocks  
(initramfs)

I type exit after this, and get this kernel panic message:

[  204.537741] R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000343 R09: 0000000000000046
[  204.538356] R13: 0000000000000004 R14: 0000000000000003 R12: 0000000000000000
[  204.540364] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff96ebaed00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[  204.541680] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[  204.543005] CR2: 00007f4650ef6ddc CR3: 000000015d20a002 CR4: 00000000001606e0
[  204.544338] Call Trace:
[  204.545657]  <IRQ>
[  204.546978]  kick_ilb+0x73/0xa0
[  204.548293]  trigger_load_balance+0xa2/0x1b0
[  204.549607]  ? tick_sched_do_timer+0x60/0x60
[  204.550929]  scheduler_tick+0xae/0xd0
[  204.552243]  update_process_times+0x47/0x60
[  204.553553]  tick_sched_handle+0x25/0x70
[  204.554872]  tick_sched_timer+0x3c/0x80
[  204.556178]  __hrtimer_run_queues+0x10f/0x280
[  204.557481]  hrtimer_interrupt+0xe7/0x240
[  204.558793]  ? sched_clock_idle_sleep_event+0x10/0x20
[  204.560108]  smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6f/0x140
[  204.561419]  apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
[  204.562737]  </IRQ>
[  204.564042]  RIP: 0010:panic+0x1fe/0x244
[  204.565351] Code: eb a6 83 3d 17 45 8f 01 00 74 05 e8 10 74 02 00 48 c7 c6 20 31 98 8c 48 c7 c7 b8 d1 0d 8c e8 70 78 06 00 fb 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 <31> db e8
[  204.566798] RSP: 0018:ffffb8dcc18d3df8 EFLAGS: 00000282 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffff13
[  204.568230] RAX: 0000000000000056 RBX: ffff96eb9c659700 RCX: ffffffff8c463708
[  204.569668] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000096 RDI: 0000000000000046
[  204.571097] RBP: ffffb8dcc18d3e70 R08: 0000000000000341 R09: ffff96eb9c221ed0
[  204.572516] R10: ffffffff8c686060 R11: ffff96eb90784210 R12: 0000000000000000
[  204.573932] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff96eb9c6952a8 R15: ffff96eb9086a9b0
[  204.575347]  ? panic+0x1f7/0x244
[  204.576746]  do_exit+0xb30/0xb30
[  204.578123]  ? vfs_write+0x166/0x1a0
[  204.579488]  ? vfs_write+0x166/0x1a0
[  204.580831]  do_group_exit+0x43/0xb0
[  204.582157]  __x64_sys_exit_group+0x18/0x20
[  204.583475]  do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x120
[  204.584793]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
[  204.586124] RIP: 0033:0x7f4650ef6e06
[  204.587455] Code: Bad RIP value.
[  204.588788] RSP: 002b:00007ffe100763e8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7
[  204.590160] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055bb66034704 RCX: 00007f4650ef6e06
[  204.591544] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 000000000000003c RDI: 0000000000000001
[  204.592933] RBP: 00007ffe10076868 R08: 00000000000000e7 R09: ffffffffffffff80
[  204.594322] R10: 00007f4650f7ce50 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000003
[  204.595711] R13: 00007ffe10076860 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[  204.597092] ---[ end trace c313a0379a0fa6fb ]---

This forces me to power off the PC again, however the next boot works just fine and I can get into the system.

Unfortunately the moment I turn the PC off and want to boot again, I revert back to the first state, basically forcing me to go through this whole procedure every time I want to boot. How can I fix this permanently? Maybe this could somehow be related to the fact that I have a hybrid hard drive?

I am trying to install Ubuntu 18 on a new laptop (Asus, Windows 10) with VMware.

I get the following error while installing:

[    6.093633]  ? flush_old_exec+0x528/0x6e0
[    6.093661]  ? load_elf_binary+0x28f/0x10a0
[    6.093690]  ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[    6.093721]  ? load_script+0x201/0x220
[    6.093748]  ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[    6.093779]  ? do_execveat_common.isra.34+0x667/0x810
[    6.093824]  ? rest_init+0xb0/0xb0
[    6.093849]  ? do_execve+0x23/0x30
[    6.093874]  ? run_init_process+0x2b/0x30
[    6.093900]  ? kernel_init+0x54/0x100
[    6.093926]  ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[    6.093951] Code: 51 50 41 50 45 31 c0 41 51 45 31 c9 41 52 45 31 d2 41 53 45
31 db 53 31 db 55 31 ed 41 54 45 31 e4 41 55 45 31 ed 41 56 45 31 f6 <41> 57 45
31 ff 56 48 8d 6c 24 08 48 83 cd 01 f6 84 24 90 00 00 00
[    6.094070] RIP: error_entry+0x38/0x100 RSP: ffffc0bd00014000
[    6.094153] ---[ end trace 3162f1143d112e0b ]---
[    6.094211] Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected inside scheduler
[    6.094211]
[    6.094343] Kernel Offset: 0x16000000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation ran
ge: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    6.094419] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected
inside scheduler
[    6.094419]
_

Is there any way to fix this?

A certain cellphone maker has changed the default format of taking pictures to HEIF (.HEIC, High Efficiency Image File Format), without asking the users (although there is still the option to use jpeg/jpg).

Is there an app/program on Ubuntu that can open and/or convert HEIF-pictures and even let them be edited?

I recently upgraded my ubuntu and suddenly lost DNS. By the looks of it, its related to https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/eglibc/+bug/1674532. But I cannot run the update to fix the issue because it can't use DNS to conduct the update. Is there any documentation out there on how to get the DNS working again so i can run the update and fix the issue? I have tried changing the DNS server and everything and nothing is working.

cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 8.8.8.8  
nameserver 8.8.4.4

cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[main]  
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono  
dns=dnsmasq

[ifupdown]  
managed=false

dpkg -l dns | grep ii

ii avahi-dns confd      0.6.32~rc+dfsg-1ubuntu2 amd64   Avahi DNS configuration tool  
ii dnsmasq-base         2.75-1ubuntu0.16.04.1   amd64   Small caching DNS proxy and DHCP/TFTP Server  
ii dnsutils             1:9.10.3.dfsg.p4-8ubuntu1.5 amd64   Clients Provided with BIND  
ii libavahi-compact-libdnssd1:amd64    0.6.32~rc+dfsg-1ubuntu2   amd64   Avahi Apple Bonjour compatibility library  
ii libdns-export162     1:9.10.3.dfsg.p4-8ubuntu1.5 amd64   Exported DNS Shared Library  
ii libdns162:amd64      1:9.10.3.dfsg.p4-8ubuntu1.5 amd64   DNS Shared Library used by BIND  
ii libnss-mdns:amd64    0.10-7     amd64     NSS Module for Multicast DNS name resolution  

host -v www.apple.com

Trying "www.apple.com"  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1102  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1; ANSWER: 4; AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0  

;;QUESTION SECTION:  
;www.apple.com.     IN      A  

;;ANSWER SECTION:  
www.apple.com.  1126    IN  CNAME   www.apple.com.edgekey.net.  
www.apple.com.edgekey.net.  21568   IN  CNAME   www.apple.com.edgekey.net.globalredir.akadns.net  
www.apple.com.edgekey.net.globalredir.akadns.net.   3599    IN  CNAME   e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net
e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net. 19  IN  A   172.226.108.101

Received 182 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 152 ms  
Trying "e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net"  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id:428  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY:0, ADDITIONAL: 0  

;;QUESTION SECTION  
;e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net.    IN  AAAA  

;;ANSWER SECTION:  
e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net. 19  IN  AAAA    2001:559:19:988d::1aca  
e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net. 19  IN  AAAA    2001:559:19:988d::1aca  

Received 100 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 70 ms  
Trying "e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net"  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id:34978  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY:1, ADDITIONAL: 0  

;;QUESTION SECTION:  
;e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net.    IN  MX  

;;AUTHORITY SECITON:  
dsce9.akamaiedge.net.   179 IN  SOA n0dsce9.akamaiedge.net.   hostmaster.akamai.com.    1490629947 1000 1000 1000 1800  

Received 109 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 32 ms  

dpkg -l | grep libc6

ii libc6:amd64  2.23-0ubuntu7   amd64   GNU C Library: Shared Libraries  
ii libc6-dev:amd64  2.23-0ubuntu7   amd64   GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files

I have recently installed Ubuntu 16.04 and it seems to freeze randomly. I tried to check out the the solutions at Ubuntu 15.10 and 16.04 keep freezing randomly but on installing these kernels, I got a kernel panic at boot, so I furthur looked for solutions at Ubuntu 16.04 constantly freezing leading to kernel panic but couldn't figure out how to resolve the problem. Can anyone tell me which exact kernels to install so that both issues (kernel panic and random freezing) is resolved? The kernel that came preinstalled with 16.04 was 4.4.0-21-generic and these are some extra details:

Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial
Processor:      Intel Pentium CPU N3540 @ 2.16GHz × 4 
Graphics:       Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.8, 128 bits)
Ram:            4Gb
Os type:        64-bit architecture 

Tell me if I need to provide any other details.

saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ sudo dpkg -l | grep  linux-headers-4.7*.deb 
[sudo] password for saisumit: 
saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ sudo dpkg -l |grep  linux-image-4.7*.deb
saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ sudo update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
done
saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ 

I installed using this method :

wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7-rc3-yakkety/linux-headers-4.7.0-040700rc3_4.7.0-040700rc3.201606121131_all.deb 
wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7-rc3-yakkety/linux-headers-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic_4.7.0-040700rc3.201606121131_i386.deb 
wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7-rc3-yakkety/linux-image-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic_4.7.0-040700rc3.201606121131_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.7*.deb linux-image-4.7*.deb

Installed Grub Customizer:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

I've been trying to search for solutions for days now but still to no avail. It's really starting to frustrate me.

See I have this gamepad (DragonRise Inc. Generic USB Joystick) which is functioning great except the rumble effect.

I've tried installing in on a Windows system through VM and another in a Windows PC and at both times, the rumble effect worked.

But the thing is, even on the Windows systems, the rumble effect needed a driver for it to work which I also installed on my Ubuntu using Wine. (I'm not sure if THAT's the issue)

And on another note, when I was on Windows, the emulator I was using to test the rumble effect (Dolphin) there were two choices on the dropdown menu for installed joystick devices. One of which is "DInput/0/USB Vibration Stick" and the other one is "SDL/0/USB Vibration Stick". Both of them are my DragonRise Joystick BUT if I chose the DInput, the rumble effect works, and if I chose the SDL it WONT WORK.

Screenshot:

When I went to try on the Dolphin Emulator in Ubuntu, and clicked the dropdown menu, ONLY the "SDL" appeared and there is no "DInput" on the choices.

Screenshot:

My question, how do I install my gamepad on Ubuntu so that the DInput WILL appear together with the SDL? I have a feeling the rumble effect will work once it's installed.

Sorry for the long post. I hope I will get a response soon. I'm really getting frustrated.

P.S. What are DInput and SDL anyway?

I want to add some root CAs that doesn't come with the default firefox on Ubuntu, but I don't know how.

I tried adding them to the local certificates with certutil, but it didn't work. It messed up my certificates database.

$ certutil -A -d .mozilla/firefox/kek3dogy.default/ -i /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/FNMT_ACRAIZ.crt -n "Certificado Raiz FNMT" -t "TCu,Cuw,Tuw"

and then

$ certutil -L -d .mozilla/firefox/kek3dogy.default/

Certificate Nickname                                         Trust Attributes
                                                             SSL,S/MIME,JAR/XPI

Go Daddy Secure Certification Authority                      ,,   
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3                       ,,   
VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL CA                  ,,   
DigiCert High Assurance CA-3                                 ,,   
GlobalSign Domain Validation CA - G2                         ,,   
GeoTrust SSL CA                                              ,,   
StartCom Class 2 Primary Intermediate Server CA              ,,   
Google Internet Authority                                    ,,   
Certificado Raiz FNMT                                        CT,C,c
USERTrust Legacy Secure Server CA                            ,,   
HP Jetdirect 2B0EAD20                                        ,,   
Akamai Subordinate CA 3                                      ,,   
VeriSign, Inc.                                               ,,   
Thawte SGC CA                                                ,,   
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G2                       ,,

The certificate won't show up on Firefox. I tried this several times, even deleting the profile, and it showed up once on the Firefox interface, but completely empty.

Anyways, that's only for a user, and I want to add them system-wide. Is there a system-wide database I can modify? How?

If there is no system-wide database I can modify, I can rely on a X start script (as /etc/X11/Xsession.d/ ones, or a script called by the xdg autostart system on /etc/xdg/autostart/) to modify the user profile at session start, but I need a solution that works. I can't even load certificates on the user profiles from the command line now!

I was trying to repair my GRUB after installing Windows over Ubuntu . But i couldn't repair it and asked this question. While discussing with psusi , we notice something. My installed system is 64Bit but my some library files' are 32 bit (for example : libdevmapper.so.1.02.1).

(You can check step 13 for my question. And check other steps for see which steps i followed.)

1. My old Ubuntu was installed on /dev/sda3 . I mounted it to /mnt/ubusda3
2. root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# file /mnt/ubusda3/sbin/init /mnt/ubusda3/sbin/init: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.15, stripped
3. root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# file /mnt/ubusda3/lib/libdevmapper.so.1.02.1 /mnt/ubusda3/lib/libdevmapper.so.1.02.1: ELF 32-bit LSB shared object, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, stripped
4. sudo dpkg --root=/mnt/ubusda3 -i /mnt/ubusda3/var/cache/apt/archives/libbz2-1.0_1.0.5-6ubuntu1.11.10.1_amd64.deb
5. chroot /mnt/ubusda3
6. apt-get install --reinstall libdevmapper1.02.1
7. And then again i tried to update-grub i got mapdevfs: error while loading shared libraries: libdebian-installer.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directoryerror.
8. I restarted my system but nothing changed.
9. i found mapdevfs on /bin/mapdevfswith which mapdevfs command.
10. sudo rm /bin/mapdevfs
11. for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt/ubusda3$i"; done
12. grub-install /dev/sda
13. Finally i fix my GRUB problem. Now there is a GRUB menu while booting.

Previous Linux Versions screen (and dusts)

But when I choose Ubuntu 3.0.0.17-generic, it's freezing on the loading screen and I'm getting this Kernel panic error:

(Scroll Lock and Num Lock flashing.)

                               Ubuntu 11.10

[   6.350239] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
[   6.350277] Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 3.0.0-17-generic #30-Ubuntu
[   6.350304] Call Trace:
[   6.350333]  [<ffffffff815dca66>] panic+0x91/0x194
[   6.350364]  [<ffffffff81062915>] forget_original_parent+0x245/0x250
[   6.350396]  [<ffffffff81062937>] exit_notify+0x17/0x150
[   6.350424]  [<ffffffff8106323b>] do_exit+0x1fb/0x440
[   6.350449]  [<ffffffff81063624>] do_group_exit+0x44/0xa0
[   6.350475]  [<ffffffff81063697>] sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20
[   6.350505]  [<ffffffff815fb342>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b

When I choose other kernel versions - which in previous ubuntu versions screen - , I'm getting this error for both of them.

Note 1 (for irrational John)

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mkdir /mnt/ubusda3
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/ubusda3
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt/ubusda3$i"; done
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# chroot /mnt/ubusda3/
root@ubuntu:/# apt-get -V --reinstall install libnih
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package libnih

and then i noticed it's libnih1 not linbih (http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=libnih&searchon=names&suite=oneiric&section=all)

root@ubuntu:/# apt-get -V --reinstall install libnih1
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
   winbind (3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2)
The following packages will be upgraded:
   winbind (3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.1 => 3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2)
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
6 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 54.7 kB/5,693 kB of archives.
After this operation, 32.8 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!
  libnih1
Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y
Get:1 http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric/main libnih1 amd64 1.0.3-4ubuntu2 [54.7 kB]
Fetched 54.7 kB in 0s (57.1 kB/s)  
Can not write log, openpty() failed (/dev/pts not mounted?)
(Reading database ... 196784 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace winbind 2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.1 (using .../winbind_2%3a3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb) ...
/sbin/runlevel: error while loading shared libraries: libnih.so.1: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
 * Stopping the Winbind daemon winbind
   ...done.
Unpacking replacement winbind ...
Preparing to replace libnih1 1.0.3-4ubuntu2 (using .../libnih1_1.0.3-4ubuntu2_amd64.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement libnih1 ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead ...
ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
Can not write log, openpty() failed (/dev/pts not mounted?)
Setting up libwbclient0 (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up samba-common (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up winbind (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
 * Starting the Winbind daemon winbind
/usr/sbin/winbindd: error while loading shared libraries: libcap.so.2: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
   ...fail!
invoke-rc.d: initscript winbind, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing winbind (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up libsmbclient (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up samba-common-bin (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up smbclient (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up libnih1 (1.0.3-4ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
Errors were encountered while processing:
 winbind
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

This time i'm getting same boot error for libnih-dbus.so.... file.

Also for finding other 32bit files, i executed your commands and i see all files in /mnt/ubusda3/lib/modules/3.0.0-12-generic/ and /mnt/ubusda3/bin are 32 bit.

Is it possible to reinstall whole kernel files ?

I'm an Ubuntu user since Hardy Heron, and even in other distros I've never been through such thing. I can't install Ubuntu 10.10 on my notebook, because I simply can't even start the Live CD. I always get the following message:

Kernel panic - not syncing attempted to kill init!

See the complete message:

                                Ubuntu 10.10

[   40.456564] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
[   40.456582] Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.35-22-generic #33-Ubuntu
[   40.456596] Call Trace:
[   40.456612]  [<ffffffff815863e0>] panic+0x90/0x111
[   40.456628]  [<ffffffff8106376d>] forget_original_parent+0x33d/0x350
[   40.456643]  [<ffffffff81062b94>] ? put_files_struct+0xc4/0xf0
[   40.456658]  [<ffffffff8106379b>] exit_notify+0x1b/0x190
[   40.456671]  [<ffffffff810651d5>] do_exit+0x1c5/0x3f0
[   40.456685]  [<ffffffff81075c71>] ? __dequeue_signal+0xf1/0x200
[   40.456700]  [<ffffffff81065455>] do_group_exit+0x55/0xd0
[   40.456713]  [<ffffffff81076341>] get_signal_to_deliver+0x201/0x440
[   40.456738]  [<ffffffff810744de>] ? send_signal+0x3e/0x90
[   40.456763]  [<ffffffff81009989>] do_signal+0x69/0x1a0
[   40.456786]  [<ffffffff8103dde7>] ? is_prefetch+0xb7/0x250
[   40.456810]  [<ffffffff8103e610>] ? mm_fault_error+0xe0/0x100
[   40.456834]  [<ffffffff81009b25>] do_notify_resume+0x65/0x90
[   40.456858]  [<ffffffff8158981c>] retint_signal+0x48/0x8c