I have a setup where I have root on a ssd and /home on an encrypted (ecryptfs) hdd.

After numerous years I'm thinking of upgrading my storage and replacing the old drive entirely (will probably use as an external backup).

I've considered clonezilla but don't like the idea of being w/o use of my PC for that long. It's a pretty big HDD (6TB) so idk how long it will take. That said if that's the less headachy route, sure. That said, the new drive will be substantially bigger and from what I've read I'll have to expand the partition which might be an issue with ecryptfs? Someone please let me know if I'm wrong.

So what suggestions does the forum have for this process?

I'm considering just rsync'ing the drive but not sure that it would be encrypted. Could I run ecryptfs on the new drive, rsync my /home to the new drive, and set /home to the new drive on a fresh install and expect it to play nice? or would having two .ecryptfs folders clash? I imagine this route won't cause issues with permissions and owners since it would be set up under my current profile?

Finding ways to simplify: I'm pretty sure I know where my 'own' data (videos, photos, documents, etc) are so it's no fuss to move those over. I'm mostly concerned with the data/settings of installed programs, like browser profiles. I remember doing something with a .bin file during a previous move but that was nearly 10 years ago.

Considering just installing the new drive, encrypting the new drive, setting as home with a fresh install, and moving /home over piece by piece.

I think the answer is no but il ask anyway. I've installed ubuntu desktop and set up nginx as a web server. I've written a net 6 api that i want to host. All went well until i tried to run it. Because its uses windows components it wont start. I've had to install a windows 11(rufus bypass) vm in qemu which defeats the point of me moving to ubuntu. Is there a way to make it work without the vm

I updated to 25.10 a couple of days ago. Everything seemed to work fine but...

• VMware Workstation 25H2: does not update correctly its window and menu bar components. Sometimes the virtual machine looks online when its shutdown. Sometimes resizing the workstation window does not affect the virtual machine desktop (when it should, of course). Sometimes the menu selected/m-over option is not highlighted, but it is clickable. It's kind of weird.

• Audacity: The UI components are clickable but they're not updated on screen. This has been fixed by switching to Gt mode from GTK mode.

Has anyone had similar issues? Do you have any idea how to fix them?

I'm using 25.10 and sometimes windows just show up as an orange outline and don't display anything from the program -- but the program is running. Here's the kind of thing I see:

The program is still running, and I can even see it from the alt-tab menu, or overview activity (clicking on the Ubuntu logo in the lower left, or the bar in the upper left):

If I'm careful, I can type and quit the program. So it's running and working -- it's just not displaying anything.

Any newly-launched programs work fine, so I can quit and restart the problematic programs -- but I want to avoid that, so I don't lose data or otherwise mess things up.

Is there a way to fix this? It seems like some kind of graphics driver bug.

I installed mendeley-reference-manager-2.136.0 on my desktop. It was working fine, but suddenly it doesn't open any of the files I have saved in my library. I just have the list of titles on display, but I cannot access any content or make any notes, etc. I can still add new titles, but I cannot access them. Is there a way I can fix this problem or should I redownload the program? If I do, do I lose all my files in it?

I was transferring some files from a windows PC to my mdadm RAID10 NAS on raspi through ethernet. Was getting tired of slow transfer speeds and hence turned off my rpi and connected the drive setup directly to my pc (without researching like an idiot). Then after re-connecting the drive back to rpi I was not able to mount it but was getting some out-of-sync in events counter in mdadm --examine. mdadm --assemble --scan did not work either. After that I ran mdadm --zero-superblocks and mdadm --create --assume-clean and the latest files were missing. I saw in /proc/mdstat that it was recovering after that. And then most files came back but it was corrupted (Some images were like jigsaw puzzles). I say missing since the occupied size of the drive is the same.

Is there a way I can recover the files? I did see that zero-superblocks does not delete any user data but only metadata. Just an FYI that I did see that counters of /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdd1 were higher and equal and counters of /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdc1 were lower and equal.

Currently I cannot run any mdadm since I thought of using testdisk for recovering and zeroed the superblocks again. I am quite a rookie and new to this if you need any details please do let me know. Thanks

lsblk output

sda           8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk 
  sda1        8:1    0 931.5G  0 part 
sdb           8:16   0 931.5G  0 disk 
  sdb1        8:17   0 931.5G  0 part 
sdc           8:32   0 931.5G  0 disk 
  sdc1        8:33   0 931.5G  0 part 
sdd           8:48   0 931.5G  0 disk 
  sdd1        8:49   0 931.5G  0 part

I'm using EC2 instance with ubuntu operating system. I am not able to use top and htop command as they are getting killed instantly. there is enough RAM and CPU available no resource intensive or user triggred heavy processess are running.
I reinstalled procps package. But still the processes were killed.

Terminal Screen Shot

I lost my password after not needing it since setup. I’m running a Ubuntu Desktop system to run Klipper for my 3D printer. I need sudo to complete the last steps, but I don’t remember my password. My computer won’t let me get to Ubuntu Grub and I can’t get to that grub any other way. I can’t use sudo to install something like Jack the Ripper. Does anyone have any ideas?

I have rtx 5050 on LG Gram 16" and it is using minimum 6W all the time!

Every time a new kernel upgrade is available, apt gets stuck in a bad dependency loop.

apt upgrade:

root@wichita-thermostat01:/home/lrussell# apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Error!
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi : Depends: linux-modules-5.15.0-1075-raspi but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

apt --fix-broken install:

root@wichita-thermostat01:/home/lrussell# apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-5.15.0-1076-raspi linux-image-5.15.0-1076-raspi linux-modules-5.15.0-1076-raspi
  linux-raspi-headers-5.15.0-1076
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 11.6 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
(Reading database ... 214009 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi (5.15.0-1075.78) ...
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-1075-raspi
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-flash-kernel:
find: ‘/lib/firmware/5.15.0-1075-raspi’: No such file or directory
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-flash-kernel exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi (--remove):
 installed linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi package post-removal script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: too many errors, stopping
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi
Processing was halted because there were too many errors.
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

The only success I've had in getting the upgrade to proceed is touching /lib/firmware/5.15.0-1075-raspi to allow the removal of that already removed package to proceed. I'd like to fix this issue correctly/permanently if someone could point me in the right direction.

Other things I've tried: dpkg --get-selections | grep hold No held packages.

aptitude upgrade Failed with [100%] Writing extended state informationKilled

sudo apt-get autoremove Failed

root@wichita-thermostat01:/home/lrussell# sudo apt autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi linux-image-5.15.0-1076-raspi linux-raspi-headers-5.15.0-1076
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 102 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
(Reading database ... 200949 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi (5.15.0-1075.78) ...
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-1075-raspi
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-flash-kernel:
find: ‘/lib/firmware/5.15.0-1075-raspi’: No such file or directory
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-flash-kernel exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi (--remove):
 installed linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi package post-removal script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: too many errors, stopping
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-5.15.0-1075-raspi
Processing was halted because there were too many errors.
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

This seems to be a different situation compared to Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. That question was raised over 13 years ago, and is related to installation of net-new packages. This issue is specific to updating kernels on Ubuntu 22.04 on a Raspberry Pi. I tried several of the suggestions listed in that question without success. Results are documented above.

Hello and thank you for taking your time to read this, I have been studying computer programming for over a year now and i am currently having a problem with openssl. I have been trying to fix it for almost a month, The same thing with libssl and libopenssl. I do not have any contact with the person who gifted me this amazing machine as he is currently ghosting me for 9 months now. I have been trying to fix my issue with Postgresql which i stopped using for Mariadb and Mysql. I wanted to know if i should reformat my PC which is a windows based PC and i don't know how to do the whole reformatting of linux thing.

I'm new to the community here, and I'm also new to Ubuntu. I really appreciate the "privacy" focus of the OS and their amount of respect towards it. There are other perks I've noticed—like the storage savings and performance boost. I also really enjoy the transparency and community, and I strongly believe you cannot have freedom without privacy.

After much research and trial and error, I finally created a bootable USB drive and got the OS onto my Lenovo P1 Gen 3; however, now I've noticed that since the first time my laptop "awoke" from "suspend" mode, my trackpad won't function or operate at all, and I'm tired of having to go into the terminal to "reboot" every time I step away from my laptop for more than 15 minutes.

Does anyone here know how to resolve this issue?

Is there a way to move all the Wine operations from my HDD drive (where my Linux distro is located and has very little space) to my SSD drive (where everything else is located and has more than enough space)? I need Wine to run programs for files that are located on my SSD, and I can't seem to find a way to find those files through Wine as it is.

I want to istall ubuntu on my new laptop a honor magic book 14 pro with a ultra 5 125h processor.

Details:

-- Core Issue:

The Ubuntu installer fails to find the bootable medium (USB stick) after starting the boot process.

Error Message: "unable to find medium containing a live file system"

-- Initial Troubleshooting Steps:

BIOS Configuration: Secure Boot and Fast Boot have been disabled.

BIOS Limitations: The system BIOS is locked down and does not provide any settings to change the storage controller mode (e.g., no option to switch from Intel VMD/RST to AHCI).

Hardware Verification: The same bootable USB stick and ISO image were successfully used to boot another laptop, confirming the integrity of the installation medium. Different USB ports were also tested on the Honor laptop.

Firmware: Checked the official Honor support website; no BIOS updates are available for this model.

-- Tested Linux Distributions and Methods:

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS: Fails with the core error.

Ubuntu 25.04 (Daily Build): Fails with the exact same error, suggesting the issue is not resolved by a newer kernel (as of the date of testing).

USB Creation Method: The live USB was created using Rufus in both "ISO Image mode" and "DD Image mode," with neither method resolving the issue.

-- Tested Kernel Boot Parameters and Results: A series of kernel parameters were tested by editing the GRUB command line at boot.

nomodeset: No effect, still resulted in the "unable to find medium" error.

nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0: No effect, still resulted in the "unable to find medium" error.

intel_iommu=off: This changed the behavior. The system froze indefinitely at the graphical Ubuntu loading screen (with the logo spinner).

acpi=off: This also changed the behavior. The system froze at an early text-based stage, displaying only the message "booting a command list".

is there any way to fix this or do I just have to wait until this is adressed by honor or linux developers ?

Did I miss anything that might solve this problem ?

I recently purchased an Intel ARC A380 GPU, and I'm trying to install the drivers on Ubuntu 24.04, however I'm encountering dependency issues, and the instructions I found don't seem to work. Could someone guide me through the correct steps to install the drivers for this GPU?

This happened when I installed the drivers.

I have this message in the systemd log.

dell_smm_hwmon: unable to get SMM Dell signature

I suppose that temperature sensors are controlled by BIOS, and this message can be ignored.

There is the Integrated Intel Xe graphics card.

The first thing I did after installing Ubuntu 22.04 was install Firefox. Pasted below is the installation command response, followed by the error message when I attempt to run Firefox.

The machine is being run locally. After installing the ZFS file system Ubuntu Studio was installed using the command output:

apt install --yes ubuntustudio-desktop

After installation I booted, and could not find Firefox. It was not where I expected in the Application launcher. It did not appear where I expected to find it in the "Internet" category. Also the command "which firefox" did not get a result. So I attempted to install it.

Now the Firefox icon is in the Internet category in spite of my having removed it with the "sdo apt remove firefox" command. Also the "which firefox" command still finds it.

Now when I attempt to launch Firefox I get this error:

2022/07/03 16:49:54.424008 cmd_run.go:1053: WARNING: cannot start document portal: Expected portal at "/run/user/1000/doc", got "/home/stephen/.cache/doc"
/system.slice/sddm.service is not a snap cgroup

Below is an excerpt from the systemd-cgls command:

Control group /:
-.slice
├─init.scope 
│ └─1 /sbin/init splash
└─system.slice 
  ├─sddm.service 
  │ ├─ 4155 /usr/bin/sddm
  │ ├─ 4346 /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg -nolisten tcp -auth /var/run/sddm/{c2985236-69a5-41fc-bc30-f25>
  │ ├─ 4869 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/sddm/sddm-helper --socket /tmp/sddm-auth2e0148a3-75ed-4>
  │ ├─ 4882 /usr/bin/kwalletd5 --pam-login 7 8

I have recently discovered:

1. The global variable XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not set to anything.

2. There is only one user on this newly installed Ubuntu 22.04 OS. It would be expected the user number for it is 1000. This is verified by the global $UID being set to that number as expected. But the directory /run/user/1000 does not exist. The directory /run/user/ is empty.

pam_systemd is supposed to set XDG_RUNTIME_DIR, and create /run/user/1000. It is failing to for reasons I do not know.

I have made syslog available for download at: https://www.mediafire.com/file/4duykf9u2mgwa23/Target_Computer_syslog_2022-07-16.zip/file .

Any help with this would be much appreciated.

The initial Firefox installation attempt:

$ sudo apt --yes install firefox
[sudo] password for stephen: 
Reading package lists.. Done
Building dependency tree.. Done
Reading state information.. Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  firefox
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 72.3 kB of archives.
After this operation, 261 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 firefox amd64 1:1snap1-0ubuntu2 [72.3 kB]
Fetched 72.3 kB in 1s (137 kB/s)
Requesting to save current system state
Successfully saved as "autozsys_oaq4s7"
Preconfiguring packages ..
Selecting previously unselected package firefox.
(Reading database .. 251528 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack ../firefox_1%3a1snap1-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb ..
=> Installing the firefox snap
==> Checking connectivity with the snap store
==> Installing the firefox snap
snap "firefox" is already installed, see 'snap help refresh'
=> Snap installation complete
Unpacking firefox (1:1snap1-0ubuntu2) ..
Setting up firefox (1:1snap1-0ubuntu2) ..
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/firefox to provide /usr/bin/gnome-www-browse
r (gnome-www-browser) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/firefox to provide /usr/bin/x-www-browser (x
-www-browser) in auto mode
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1ubuntu3) ..
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ..
Processing triggers for mailcap (3.70+nmu1ubuntu1) ..
ZSys is adding automatic system snapshot to GRUB menu
stephen@stephen:~$ firefox
/system.slice/ssh.service is not a snap cgroup

Using Ubuntu 20.04 and PHP 8

When executing composer install for Laravel

Do not run Composer as root/super user! See https://getcomposer.org/root for details
Continue as root/super user [yes]? 
Composer is operating significantly slower than normal because you do not have the PHP curl extension enabled.
No composer.lock file present. Updating dependencies to latest instead of installing from lock file. See https://getcomposer.org/install for more information.
Loading composer repositories with package information
Info from https://repo.packagist.org: #StandWithUkraine
Updating dependencies
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

  Problem 1
    - phpunit/phpunit[9.5.10, ..., 9.5.x-dev] require ext-dom * -> it is missing from your system. Install or enable PHP's dom extension.
    - Root composer.json requires phpunit/phpunit ^9.5.10 -> satisfiable by phpunit/phpunit[9.5.10, ..., 9.5.x-dev].

To enable extensions, verify that they are enabled in your .ini files:
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/php.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/10-mysqlnd.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/10-opcache.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/10-pdo.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-calendar.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-ctype.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-exif.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-ffi.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-fileinfo.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-ftp.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-gettext.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-iconv.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-mysqli.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-pdo_mysql.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-pdo_sqlite.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-phar.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-posix.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-readline.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-shmop.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-sockets.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-sqlite3.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-sysvmsg.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-sysvsem.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-sysvshm.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-tokenizer.ini
    - /etc/php/8.0/cli/conf.d/20-zip.ini
You can also run `php --ini` in a terminal to see which files are used by PHP in CLI mode.
Alternatively, you can run Composer with `--ignore-platform-req=ext-dom` to temporarily ignore these required extensions.

When I try to install sudo apt-get install php-mbstring or sudo apt install php-xml or composer update I get the same error and I already have mbstring and xml installed

Three days ago I started noticing my CPU fan loudly winding up and down when idling (with which I mean not running any particular program). I checked the CPU temperature which was and still is fluctuating between 50°C and 60°C. I also have Windows 10 installed as a dual boot where the CPU temperature readings still are about 40°C and the fans are quiet.

I am using Ubuntu 20.04 now for about two months and was observing the temperatures of my GPU and CPU with the gnome-extension Freon from the beginning. The GPU temperature always hovered around 38°C while the CPU was a couple of degrees below that. The GPU temperature is still uneffected so far.

First, I thought the sensor readings might be wrong, which lead me to the sensors-detect command. Running changed nothing though.
I also checked the BIOS where I could also see temperature readings for the CPU and adjust fan curves. The temperature was similarly high around 55°C, though I have read that this can be due to the BIOS just using a lot of CPU load.
Then I checked the CPU load when idling in Ubuntu with top and the built-in System Monitor. All processes in System Monitor had CPU usages of 0 or sometimes 1 which is strange. Top seems to show more sensible data, though even there the total CPU usage does not seem to exceed 20%.
Lastly I adjusted the BIOS fancurve for the CPU fan to the minimum frequency that it allowed. The temperature readings in Ubuntu were not noticeably influenced by this. The readings still fluctuate between 50 and 60°C, still regularly making 10°C jumps up and down.

My Hardware is
CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 3800X 8-Core Processor
Motherboard: ASUS ROG STRIX X470-F GAMING
GPU: Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 SUPER

What else could I investigate? What could cause this?

I am installing vokoscreen 3.0.8:

https://snapcraft.io/vokoscreen-ng

When I try to run it, it tells me:

wiktor@wiktor:~$ vokoscreen-ng
This application failed to start because it could not find or load the Qt platform plugin "wayland-egl"
in "".

Available platform plugins are: eglfs, linuxfb, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, xcb.

Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.
Aborted (core dumped)

How to install the missing wayland-egl?

I am running Ubuntu 21.04 on Wayland.

On booting my 64-bit machine running Ubuntu 20.04 I am getting the following error:

BusyBox v1.30.1 (Ubuntu 1:1.30.2-4ubuntu6.1 built-in shell (ash)  
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.  

Most solutions available on the internet suggest to run the 'exit' command and expect to find some errors. In my case when I run the exit command as shown below I don't get anything.

(initramfs) exit

BusyBox v1.30.1 (Ubuntu 1:1.30.2-4ubuntu6.1 built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

(initramfs) _

Could anybody help me to how to get out of this and boot my machine normally?

I can't install Ubuntu 20.04 on an Asus TUF laptop. I tried to install other previous versions, but it still has the same problem. It hangs when installing. The most I got was to create the partitions, but suddenly it hangs or I cannot start the system in test mode.

I am returning to Ubuntu after some time so I am a bit rusty. My machine is running 16.04 LTS and I want to upgrade to the current 18.04. I have downloaded this and want to transfer it to a CD-R so that I can boot from that but I get an error message saying that the drive is already mounted. They problem is that I cannot remember how to un-mount it or find the instructions in the built-in help.

I could, I suppose, upgrade directly from the downloaded copy on the HD but I cannot remember how to do that either.

Thank you.

I have a ubuntu-Server 16.04 LTS running and fully updated. I can access it through IP Address and hostname.local, but if I try to access it with just hostname it can't reach the address. hostname and host files are properly configure.

Details about My hosts:

• ubuntu-server 16.04 (lets call it ubuntuserver for better undestanding);
• ubuntu 17.10 (called ubuntudesktop);
• windows (called firstwin);
• windows (called secondwin).

Note that I can ping ubuntudesktop with just the hostname with any Operating System

I am trying to configure a simple email server that uses dovecot for the auth. I am inexperienced with the email procedures and I can't figure out what the problem is here: postfix/smtpd[26148]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms

My postfix's config file:

tpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu/GNU)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

myhostname = localhost
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = $myhostname
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 10.0.0.0/24
mailbox_size_limit = 0
home_mailbox = Maildir/
virtual_mailbox_domains = /etc/postfix/vhosts
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmaps
virtual_minimum_uid = 1000
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noplaintext,noanonymous
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth-client

My dovecot config:

auth_mechanisms = plain cram-md5
auth_verbose = yes
base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/
info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot.info
log_path = /var/log/dovecot
log_timestamp = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S "
mail_location = maildir:/home/vmail/%d/%n
passdb {
  args = /etc/dovecot/passwd
  driver = passwd-file
}
protocols = imap pop3
service auth {
  executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/auth
  user = root
}
service imap-login {
  chroot = login
  executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/imap-login
  user = dovecot
}
service imap {
  executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/imap
}
service pop3-login {
  chroot = login
  executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/pop3-login
  user = dovecot
}
service pop3 {
  executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/pop3
}
ssl = no
userdb {
  args = /etc/dovecot/users
  driver = passwd-file
}
valid_chroot_dirs = /var/spool/vmail
protocol pop3 {
  pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv
}

What is wrong with this configuration?

I am moving to China and I'll need an onboard keypad with character prediction in Chinese. I want to keep my physical keyboard set to English, but I'll need an onboard Chinese keyboard on my screen too.

It should come with word prediction if such thing exists in Ubuntu. I have no clue how to write chinese characters, but I know how to write pinyin a bit...so word prediction could help me a lot. I have been using this trick with my Android devices (using pinyin to get the Chinese characters from the prediction).

Is this something I could do in Ubuntu too for writing emails and in documents?

I downloaded Magento 2.0 into Downloads folder and extracted all the files into temp_extract. Now I want to copy all files inside temp_extract into var/www/magento. I cannot figure out how to do it. I tried several copy command-lines, but none worked. Also, I tried several file managers, including Gentoo, Xfe, PCManFM, and Nemo. None of them helped. I have given all permissions, i.e., d rwx rwx r-x, to magento directory. With most file managers when I copy and paste the files, they say that I do not have permissions. With Gentoo, I ended up transferring temp_extract into magento directory, but I couldn't figure out the command-line to move from temp_extract into magento. I am using Ubuntu 14.04. Can anyone help? Thanks.

I tried to set up hotspot for my android mobile on my ubuntu 12.04. follow the instruction of here:
'http://thenewbieblog.wordpress.com/2012/05/01/wifi-hotspot-setup-on-ubuntu/'
However it does not work for the old onboard card could not support the ap mode. I bought a TL usb wireless card for it, and installed the driver, then black list my onboard card in blacklist as 'blacklist iwlwifi'.
But when I called ap-hotspot configure, the same error appeared as:
Your wireless card does not support Access Point mode
What should I do next? Here is the out put of iwconfig

wlan1     unassociated  Nickname:"<WIFI@REALTEK>"
      Mode:Managed  Frequency=2.412 GHz  Access Point: Not-Associated   
      Sensitivity:0/0  
      Retry:off   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
      Power Management:off
      Link Quality=0/100  Signal level=0 dBm  Noise level=0 dBm
      Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
      Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0
eth0      no wireless extensions.

lo        no wireless extensions.

I think the wireless card works well but there are something wrong with the configure files...

I am doing android development. The adb ppp command to switch back to the USB cable instead of tcp/ip says it needs the tty as a parameter.

I have googled for this and found lots of references to solutions that don't work. A lot of those point to ttyUSB0, which doesn't seem to exist on my system.

I am running Ubuntu Desktop 12.04. How can I find my tty for my android phone?

Thanks.

How do I pass the -logverbose 6 arguments to startx? It is necessary for submitting a bug report to Nvidia Support.