I'm using an external GPU (NVidia T1000 8GB) connected via the ExpressCard slot of my HP EliteBook 8470p. This setup worked well for weeks and I got 30-40 FPS in my games. Today I was tinkering around with configurations, and somehow my PCI link speed is now locked to 1.0 x1 (which caused my FPS in-game to drop to around ~15), even though it was running at 2.0 x1 (or even 2.0 x16, I'm not sure) before, and is also capable of that according to lspci -vvv 02:00.0:

02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation TU117GL [T1000 8GB] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
        Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation TU117GL [T1000 8GB]
        Physical Slot: 1
        Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
        Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
        Latency: 0
        Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 35
        Region 0: Memory at d2000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
        Region 1: Memory at 440000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
        Region 3: Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
        Region 5: I/O ports at 2000 [size=128]
        Expansion ROM at d3000000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=512K]
        Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3
                Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
                Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
        Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
                Address: 00000000fee04004  Data: 0021
        Capabilities: [78] Express (v1) Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
                DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us
                        ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset+
                DevCtl: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr+ FatalErr+ UnsupReq+
                        RlxdOrd+ ExtTag+ PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+ FLReset-
                        MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes
                DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-
                LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x16, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <4us
                        ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+
                LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+
                        ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
                LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1 (downgraded)
                        TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
        Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
                Caps:   LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
                Arb:    Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
                Ctrl:   ArbSelect=Fixed
                Status: InProgress-
                VC0:    Caps:   PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
                        Arb:    Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
                        Ctrl:   Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff
                        Status: NegoPending- InProgress-
        Capabilities: [258 v1] L1 PM Substates
                L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+
                          PortCommonModeRestoreTime=255us PortTPowerOnTime=10us
                L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2- PCI-PM_L1.1- ASPM_L1.2- ASPM_L1.1-
                           T_CommonMode=0us LTR1.2_Threshold=0ns
                L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=10us
        Capabilities: [128 v1] Power Budgeting <?>
        Capabilities: [420 v2] Advanced Error Reporting
                UESta:  DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
                UEMsk:  DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
                UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
                CESta:  RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-
                CEMsk:  RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+
                AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap- ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap- ECRCChkEn-
                        MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-
                HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
        Capabilities: [600 v1] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>
        Capabilities: [900 v1] Null
        Capabilities: [bb0 v1] Physical Resizable BAR
                BAR 0: current size: 16MB, supported: 16MB
                BAR 1: current size: 256MB, supported: 64MB 128MB 256MB
                BAR 3: current size: 32MB, supported: 32MB
        Kernel driver in use: nvidia
        Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_drm, nvidia

lspci -vvv 00:1c.3 (which is the bus the GPU is connected on according to lspci -t:

00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
        Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4
        Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
        Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
        Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
        Interrupt: pin D routed to IRQ 27
        Bus: primary=00, secondary=24, subordinate=24, sec-latency=0
        I/O behind bridge: f000-0fff [disabled] [16-bit]
        Memory behind bridge: bf200000-bf2fffff [size=1M] [32-bit]
        Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fff00000-00000000000fffff [disabled] [64-bit]
        Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR-
        BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- VGA16- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-
                PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-
        Capabilities: [40] Express (v2) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
                DevCap: MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0
                        ExtTag- RBE+
                DevCtl: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq-
                        RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
                        MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
                DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-
                LnkCap: Port #4, Speed 5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <16us
                        ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot- ASPMOptComp-
                LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+
                        ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
                LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1
                        TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive+ BWMgmt+ ABWMgmt-
                SltCap: AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug- Surprise-
                        Slot #3, PowerLimit 10W; Interlock- NoCompl+
                SltCtl: Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet- CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-
                        Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-
                SltSta: Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet+ Interlock-
                        Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState+
                RootCap: CRSVisible-
                RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna+ CRSVisible-
                RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-
                DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range BC, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR-
                         10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-
                         EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-
                         FRS- LN System CLS Not Supported, TPHComp- ExtTPHComp- ARIFwd-
                         AtomicOpsCap: Routing- 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-
                DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled, ARIFwd-
                         AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn- EgressBlck-
                LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-
                         Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-
                         Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot
                LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -3.5dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-
                         EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-
                         Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported
        Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
                Address: fee10004  Data: 0021
        Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4
        Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
                Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
                Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
        Kernel driver in use: pcieport

nvidia-smi -q reports:

    PCI
        Bus                                            : 0x02
        Device                                         : 0x00
        Domain                                         : 0x0000
        Base Classcode                                 : 0x3
        Sub Classcode                                  : 0x0
        Device Id                                      : 0x1FF010DE
        Bus Id                                         : 00000000:02:00.0
        Sub System Id                                  : 0x161210DE
        GPU Link Info
            PCIe Generation
                Max                                    : 1
                Current                                : 1
                Device Current                         : 1
                Device Max                             : 3
                Host Max                               : 2
            Link Width
                Max                                    : 16x
                Current                                : 1x
        Bridge Chip
            Type                                       : N/A
            Firmware                                   : N/A
        Replays Since Reset                            : 0
        Replay Number Rollovers                        : 0
        Tx Throughput                                  : 0 KB/s
        Rx Throughput                                  : 0 KB/s
        Atomic Caps Outbound                           : N/A
        Atomic Caps Inbound                            : N/A

DMESG output for when I connected the card (hotplugged after boot, exactly what was working before):

[  902.606829] pcieport 0000:00:1c.1: pciehp: Slot(1): Card present
[  902.606849] pcieport 0000:00:1c.1: pciehp: Slot(1): Link Up
[  902.735697] pci 0000:02:00.0: [10de:1ff0] type 00 class 0x030000 PCIe Legacy Endpoint
[  902.735735] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x00ffffff]
[  902.735762] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 1 [mem 0x00000000-0x0fffffff 64bit pref]
[  902.735786] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 3 [mem 0x00000000-0x01ffffff 64bit pref]
[  902.735800] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 5 [io  0x0000-0x007f]
[  902.735814] pci 0000:02:00.0: ROM [mem 0x00000000-0x0007ffff pref]
[  902.736022] pci 0000:02:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
[  902.736256] pci 0000:02:00.0: 2.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, limited by 2.5 GT/s PCIe x1 link at 0000:00:1c.1 (capable of 126.016 Gb/s with 8.0 GT/s PCIe x16 link)
[  902.736564] pci 0000:02:00.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible
[  902.736567] pci 0000:02:00.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=none,locks=none
[  902.736635] pci 0000:02:00.1: [10de:10fa] type 00 class 0x040300 PCIe Endpoint
[  902.736667] pci 0000:02:00.1: BAR 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x00003fff]
[  902.737086] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 1 [mem 0x440000000-0x44fffffff 64bit pref]: assigned
[  902.737109] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 3 [mem 0xd0000000-0xd1ffffff 64bit pref]: assigned
[  902.737129] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 0 [mem 0xd2000000-0xd2ffffff]: assigned
[  902.737135] pci 0000:02:00.0: ROM [mem 0xd3000000-0xd307ffff pref]: assigned
[  902.737138] pci 0000:02:00.1: BAR 0 [mem 0xd3080000-0xd3083fff]: assigned
[  902.737144] pci 0000:02:00.0: BAR 5 [io  0x2000-0x207f]: assigned
[  902.737151] pcieport 0000:00:1c.1: PCI bridge to [bus 02-22]
[  902.737164] pcieport 0000:00:1c.1:   bridge window [io  0x2000-0x3fff]
[  902.737170] pcieport 0000:00:1c.1:   bridge window [mem 0xd0000000-0xd3ffffff]
[  902.737174] pcieport 0000:00:1c.1:   bridge window [mem 0x440000000-0x44fffffff 64bit pref]
[  902.737229] pci 0000:02:00.1: extending delay after power-on from D3hot to 20 msec
[  902.737271] pci 0000:02:00.1: D0 power state depends on 0000:02:00.0
[  902.737302] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: dmic_detect option is deprecated, pass snd-intel-dspcfg.dsp_driver=1 option instead
[  902.737327] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[  902.737394] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: Disabling MSI
[  902.737399] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: Handle vga_switcheroo audio client
[  903.292525] nvidia-nvlink: Nvlink Core is being initialized, major device number 511

[  903.300807] nvidia 0000:02:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0003)
[  903.301057] nvidia 0000:02:00.0: vgaarb: VGA decodes changed: olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=none:owns=none
[  903.343915] NVRM: loading NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module  580.126.09  Wed Jan  7 22:59:56 UTC 2026
[  903.364339] nvidia-modeset: Loading NVIDIA Kernel Mode Setting Driver for UNIX platforms  580.126.09  Wed Jan  7 22:32:52 UTC 2026
[  904.241829] [drm] [nvidia-drm] [GPU ID 0x00000200] Loading driver
[  904.262057] nvidia_uvm: module uses symbols nvUvmInterfaceDisableAccessCntr from proprietary module nvidia, inheriting taint.
[  904.275112] [drm] Initialized nvidia-drm 0.0.0 20160202 for 0000:02:00.0 on minor 0

Note especially this line:

[  902.736256] pci 0000:02:00.0: 2.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, limited by 2.5 GT/s PCIe x1 link at 0000:00:1c.1 (capable of 126.016 Gb/s with 8.0 GT/s PCIe x16 link)

Which yesterday used to say 4.000 Gb/s available, limited by 5.0 GT/s [...].

In the BIOS, I made sure that the ExpressCard speed is set to Generation 2.0. I've tried forcing the PCI link generation and width using setpci but it didn't change anything, neither does putting the GPU under load.

uname -a:

Linux hpelitebook8470p 6.8.4-060804-generic #202501300155 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Sat Feb  8 14:48:16 UTC 2025 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Kernel parameters:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=linux pci=nocrs nvidia_drm.modeset=1"

I did not change those from when it was working, though.

I'm a newbie to Ubuntu who's enjoying the fact that no bloatware is forced upon me. I'm learning the command line, and making slow progress for an oldie at 60 years. I have been trying to use my favorite VPN Proton as I use Proton mail as well. I'm following the instructions, but I've come to a dead end in the terminal tab with this output:

~$ sudo apt install proton-vpn-gnome-desktop
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package proton-vpn-gnome-desktop

Where am I going wrong? So far I have had no other issues with my choice of apps. I'm using the latest LTS version of Ubuntu.

PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS"
ID_LIKE=debian

I have recently installed a fresh ubuntu server 24.04.3 version from the oficinal repo in a new GMKtec nucbox G10. When I ran the installer, it couldn't find the ethernet interface, so I installed it without network.

Once the OS is set up, I can log in and the machine works, but the command "ip a" does not give me any IP, it has not been connected.

The /etc/netplan did not contain any config file so I added a new yaml with the following content:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enx00e04c682803:
      dhcp4: true

After that I ran sudo netplan generate sudo netplan apply

correctly, but the interface is still down. The command "ip link" returns something like (only part of it as reference):

enx00e04c682803: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode Default group default qlen 1000

I have been searching for information and the hint seems to be missing drivers. According to lsusb command, there is some RTL8153 gigabit ethernet adapter with ID 0bda:8153 in the chipset. I would try to do sudo apt-get update but without internet connection it does logically fail.

The suggestion I have got now is to download some linux-firmware-xxxxx.deb files, copy them to the machine and install them manually, but I am not sure which ones exactly.

May someone please help me to get the correct .deb files so I can manually copy them with a USB stick or something? Or give any other piece of advice I could follow?

I'm new to Ubuntu, and I've just installed PlayOnLinux. When I try to open the install menu, it starts refreshing and doesn't stop.

I have a fresh install of Ubuntu Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS with all updates also installed. I installed Boinc Manager from the first source that I found in App Center: Snap package, which is also more recent (8.2.8) than the Debian package (7.24.1).

But it won't start:

$ boinc.manager 
Gtk-Message: Not loading module "atk-bridge": The functionality is provided by GTK natively. Please try to not load it.
Error: Unable to initialize GTK+, is DISPLAY set properly?

$DISPLAY is ":0" and I also tried setting it to ":0.0" or ":1", doesn't work, but ":0" seems to be correct anyway.

I need help with a dual‑boot issue.

Machine / OS

• HP Victus by HP Gaming Laptop 15‑fb0xxx

• Single NVMe SSD (KBG50ZNV1T02 KIOXIA)

• Windows 11 + Ubuntu dual‑boot

Originally I had Windows 11 + Ubuntu 24.04 working fine. Recently my team needed Ubuntu 22.04, so I reinstalled Ubuntu and replaced 24.04 with Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy). I installed 22.04 over the old Ubuntu partition (Windows was left alone). Ubuntu 22.04 now boots and works.

After finishing setup, I accidentally hit Suspend instead of full shutdown. Later I powered off and on, and the laptop started booting straight into Ubuntu with no usual choice.

When I press Esc → F9 (HP boot menu) I see:

• OS Boot Manager (UEFI) – ubuntu (KBG50ZNV1T02 KIOXIA)

• OS Boot Manager (UEFI) – Windows Boot Manager (KBG50ZNV1T02 KIOXIA)

• Boot from EFI file

• Choosing ubuntu → boots Ubuntu (expected).

• Choosing Windows Boot Manager → still boots into Ubuntu/GRUB, not Windows.

From Ubuntu, sudo efibootmgr -v shows:

textBootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001,0002,9999

Boot0000* ubuntu  HD(1,GPT,6bfc9438-e8c1-4f26-af37-18376689450a,0x800,0x100000)/File(\\EFI\\ubuntu\\shimx64.efi)

Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager  HD(1,GPT,52c599ad-148d-4249-b494-d41f93149229,0x800,0x82000)/File(\\EFI\\Microsoft\\Boot\\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS...

Boot0002* Internal Hard Disk  PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,8C-E3-8E-10-02-B8-89-D6)/HD(1,GPT,6bfc9438-e8c1-4f26-af37-18376689450a,0x800,0x100000)..BO

Boot9999* USB Drive (UEFI)  PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/USB(16,0)..BO

So both entries exist:

• Boot0000 = Ubuntu / GRUB

• Boot0001 = Windows Boot Manager (\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)

• BootOrder is 0000,0001,... (Ubuntu first, then Windows)

In Boot from EFI file:

• Select NVMe → EFI folder only shows ubuntu and Boot (no Microsoft folder on that visible EFI partition).

• I did not go deeper into those folders.

From what I understand, Windows’ EFI files might be on a different small EFI partition (GUID 52c599ad-...) that HP’s file browser isn’t showing, which is why the menu entry for Windows just lands in Ubuntu.

What I have not done:

• No manual partition deletion/formatting after the 22.04 install.

• No bcdedit edits, no Windows repair tools yet (I currently can’t boot Windows).

• Only checked efibootmgr and looked at “Boot from EFI file”.

Extra info:

• I created a Windows restore point yesterday while Windows still booted.

• I also have an older 16 GB USB that might be a Windows backup/recovery drive.

What I need help with

1. Safest way to get Windows 11 booting again while keeping Ubuntu 22.04.

2. Should I:

3. • Use a Windows installation/recovery USB → Startup Repair, or

   • Fix this from Ubuntu with efibootmgr / reinstalling GRUB, given the two separate EFI partitions?

4. Once Windows boots, what’s the best way to restore a clean dual‑boot menu (GRUB showing both, or Windows Boot Manager with Ubuntu entry)?

Thanks a lot for any step‑by‑step guidance—this is my main student laptop so I’m trying to be careful.

I always have a gap between the Gnome Dock and all windows (full screen). This is only on my desktop computer - not on my laptop. Both running Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS.

Symbol Size: 48 (changing this value does only make the gap bigger)
Resolution of the Screen: 2560 x 1440 (16:9)
Scaling: 100%
No fractional Scaling activated

No Gnome Extensions installed which could change this behaviour. I deactivated all of them to make sure. Still the same.

Any Idea?

I’m not sure what the differences are but my Canon 5D (original) is recognized no problem on a Debian Bookworm machine when I plug in via USB. But on multiple Ubuntu 24.04 machines it shows no sign of being detected. The USB connection is not being detected at all as lsusb show nothing when it is plugged in.

Has anyone experienced and fixed this? My searching has only found web cam problems and fixes on 24.04 but they don’t seems to apply to the Canon.

I tether in darktable so a card reader is not a solution.

Because I'm usually working on laptops own display I use virtual desktops to give me more effective space.

However, with Ubuntu 24.04 Alt-Tab no longer works like I expect it to - single Alt-Tab should take me to the previous window I had open, and only list windows in the virtual desktop I'm in.

Alt-Tab is bound to "Switch Windows" in the Settings.

For example I'm on desktop #4 and have a terminal and Firefox browser window there. When I have browser window open and click the terminal window focus moves there. Now, if I press Alt-Tab to get back to the browser window it lists all Firefox windows and takes me to one in desktop #1.

How do I make it:

   a) Show only windows in active desktop
   b) Cycle through windows based on which one was last active

This might be related to restoring a Firefox session after a reboot. Alt-Tab seems to take me to the windows that have not been active after restoring the session instead of most recent one. So it's possible session restore somehow makes Ubuntu window switcher bug. However, cycling to windows outside the current virtual desktop should not happen no matter what.

How to reproduce:

Install poetry

curl -sSL https://install.python-poetry.org | python3 -

Run poetry:

poetry

Error:

cas12@cas12-System-Product-Name ~/v/transformers (main)> /home/cas12/.local/bin/poetry
/usr/bin/python3: can't open file '/home/cas12/.local/bin/poetry': [Errno 13] Permission denied
cas12@cas12-System-Product-Name ~/v/transformers (main) [2]> file /home/cas12/.local/bin/poetry
/home/cas12/.local/bin/poetry: Python script, ASCII text executable
cas12@cas12-System-Product-Name ~/v/transformers (main)> ll /home/cas12/.local/bin/poetry
-rwxrwxrwx 1 cas12 cas12 225 Dec 24 09:38 /home/cas12/.local/bin/poetry*

Armor state:

○ apparmor.service - Load AppArmor profiles
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/l closestemd/system/apparmor.service; disabled; preset: enabled)  
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:apparmor(7)

Environment:

• Ubuntu 25.10
• Python 3.13.7

I have noticed since few weeks, that in order to connect to my Ubuntu VM on Azure via SSH I have to reset account password each time after start. VM is closing automatically everyday evening, and then is started at my discretion. If I do not perform password reset and then "reset configuration only", the VM is unreachable. The connection is then immediately possible after the reset.Vm has not been altered in any way, no snapshots used. I am using my user account, which has been used since the machine creation, and there never been any issue with the connection before. I am using password authentication at the moment.

Is there any way to fix this problem?

I'm having this issue for over a year and never found a fix for it: when i suspend my system and I am connected with my home wifi network, the screen goes black but the machine keeps running. Only way to get out of it is to hard reboot. Suspend works when I have wifi disabled or if I am connected with a mobile hotspot. I searched the internet for a solution but nothing worked.

Here is a few infos about my Ubuntu 25.04

$ uname -a 
Linux sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 6.14.0-37-generic #37-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Nov 14 22:10:32 UTC 2025 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Journalctl when the issue occurs (suspend does not work as expected)

Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-logind[2374]: The system will suspend now!
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 ModemManager[2537]: <msg> [sleep-monitor-systemd] system is about to suspend
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.1687] manager: sleep: sleep requested (sleeping: no  enabled: yes)
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.1690] device (p2p-dev-wlp0s20f3): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'unmanaged-sleeping>
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.1695] manager: NetworkManager state is now ASLEEP
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.1697] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: activated -> deactivating (reason 'sleeping', managed-type: '>
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 dbus-daemon[2338]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.servi>
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Starting NetworkManager-dispatcher.service - Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 dbus-daemon[2338]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Started NetworkManager-dispatcher.service - Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: wlp0s20f3: deauthenticating from 6c:63:9c:36:5c:08 by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[2448]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=6c:63:9c:36:5c:08 reason=3 locally_generated=1
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[2448]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2778] device (wlp0s20f3): supplicant interface state: completed -> disconnected
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2783] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: deactivating -> disconnected (reason 'sleeping', managed-type>
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Withdrawing address record for <IP> on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address <IP>.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2790] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): canceled DHCP transaction
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address fe80::9913:97a2:f697:990c.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2791] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Registering new address record for fe80::9913:97a2:f697:990c on wlp0s20f3.*.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2791] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): state changed no lease
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::9913:97a2:f697:990c on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2795] dhcp6 (wlp0s20f3): canceled DHCP transaction
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address fe80::9913:97a2:f697:990c.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2795] dhcp6 (wlp0s20f3): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.2795] dhcp6 (wlp0s20f3): state changed no lease
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[3840]: 07[KNL] <IP> disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[3840]: 15[KNL] fe80::9913:97a2:f697:990c disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.0.20 on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.20.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[3840]: 11[KNL] 192.168.0.20 disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2336]: Interface wlp0s20f3.IPv4 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2442]: <info>  [1769592155.3235] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'unmanaged-sleeping', manag>
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[1120]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client reset search domain list.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[1120]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client set default route setting: no
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[1120]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client reset DNS server list.
Jan 28 10:22:35 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[3840]: 13[KNL] interface wlp0s20f3 deactivated

And these are the logs when I am connected to a hotspot of my phone (suspend works as expected)

Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-logind[2386]: The system will suspend now!
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593440.872:453): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593440.874:454): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593440.8766] manager: sleep: sleep requested (sleeping: no  enabled: yes)
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 ModemManager[2568]: <msg> [sleep-monitor-systemd] system is about to suspend
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593440.8769] device (p2p-dev-wlp0s20f3): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'unmanaged-sleeping>
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593440.8775] manager: NetworkManager state is now ASLEEP
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593440.8778] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: activated -> deactivating (reason 'sleeping', managed-type: '>
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593440.876:455): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593440.877:456): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593440.878:457): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593440.879:458): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 dbus-daemon[2350]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.servi>
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Starting NetworkManager-dispatcher.service - Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 dbus-daemon[2350]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Started NetworkManager-dispatcher.service - Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: wlp0s20f3: deauthenticating from 3a:2a:c6:5f:b4:ec by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
Jan 28 10:44:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[2463]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=3a:2a:c6:5f:b4:ec reason=3 locally_generated=1
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[2463]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593441.0007] device (wlp0s20f3): supplicant interface state: completed -> disconnected
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593441.0009] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: deactivating -> disconnected (reason 'sleeping', managed-type>
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2348]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::2068:4aa9:1d02:2920 on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2348]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address fe80::2068:4aa9:1d02:2920.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[4036]: 04[KNL] fe80::2068:4aa9:1d02:2920 disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593441.0018] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): canceled DHCP transaction
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2348]: Interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593441.0018] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593441.0018] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): state changed no lease
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[2463]: wlp0s20f3: PMKSA-CACHE-REMOVED 3a:2a:c6:5f:b4:ec 0
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[4036]: 06[KNL] <IP> disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2348]: Withdrawing address record for <IP> on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2348]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv4 with address <IP>.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[2348]: Interface wlp0s20f3.IPv4 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[2455]: <info>  [1769593441.0311] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'unmanaged-sleeping', manag>
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[1125]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client set default route setting: no
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[1125]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client reset DNS server list.
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1769593441.063:459): pid=2350 uid=995 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" oper>
                                                exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=995 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
Jan 28 10:44:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[4036]: 10[KNL] interface wlp0s20f3 deactivated

=================================================================

Update: I downgraded to Ubuntu 24.04 by doing a fresh install. The issue still presists. When I suspend the screen goes black but the machine is still running. I need to disable wifi for the system to suspend properly.

Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-logind[1038]: The system will suspend now!
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 ModemManager[1161]: <msg> [sleep-monitor-systemd] system is about to suspend
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.6226] manager: sleep: sleep requested (sleeping: no  enabled: yes)
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.6228] device (p2p-dev-wlp0s20f3): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'sleeping', sys-ifac>
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.6232] manager: NetworkManager state is now ASLEEP
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.6233] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: activated -> deactivating (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-state:>
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 dbus-daemon[1008]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.servic>
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Starting NetworkManager-dispatcher.service - Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 dbus-daemon[1008]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Started NetworkManager-dispatcher.service - Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Successfully made thread 2235 of process 2218 owned by '1000' high priority at nice level 0.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: wlp0s20f3: deauthenticating from 6c:63:9c:36:5c:08 by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=6c:63:9c:36:5c:08 reason=3 locally_generated=1
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7575] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: deactivating -> disconnected (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-sta>
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Withdrawing address record for <IP> on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address <IP>.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[2975]: 14[KNL] <IP> disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address fe80::986a:2362:eed:bdf3.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Registering new address record for fe80::986a:2362:eed:bdf3 on wlp0s20f3.*.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7597] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): canceled DHCP transaction
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[2975]: 16[KNL] fe80::986a:2362:eed:bdf3 disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7597] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::986a:2362:eed:bdf3 on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7598] dhcp4 (wlp0s20f3): state changed no lease
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 with address fe80::986a:2362:eed:bdf3.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7600] dhcp6 (wlp0s20f3): canceled DHCP transaction
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Interface wlp0s20f3.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7600] dhcp6 (wlp0s20f3): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.7600] dhcp6 (wlp0s20f3): state changed no lease
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.0.20 on wlp0s20f3.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[2975]: 15[KNL] 192.168.0.20 disappeared from wlp0s20f3
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlp0s20f3.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.20.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 avahi-daemon[1006]: Interface wlp0s20f3.IPv4 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[906]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client reset search domain list.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[906]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client set default route setting: no
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-resolved[906]: wlp0s20f3: Bus client reset DNS server list.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 gvfsd-wsdd[31946]: Failed to spawn the wsdd daemon: Failed to execute child process “wsdd” (No such file or directory)
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 gvfsd-network[14720]: Couldn't create directory monitor on wsdd:///. Error: Automount failed: Failed to spawn the underlying wsdd daemon.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.8087] device (wlp0s20f3): supplicant interface state: completed -> disconnected
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 NetworkManager[1069]: <info>  [1769632740.8092] device (wlp0s20f3): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-state:>
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 7 threads of 4 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 7 threads of 4 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Successfully made thread 2235 of process 2218 owned by '1000' RT at priority 20.
Jan 28 21:39:00 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 charon[2975]: 12[KNL] interface wlp0s20f3 deactivated
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: p2p-dev-wlp0s20: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: p2p-dev-wlp0s20: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: nl80211: deinit ifname=p2p-dev-wlp0s20 disabled_11b_rates=0
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: wlp0s20f3: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 wpa_supplicant[1074]: nl80211: deinit ifname=wlp0s20f3 disabled_11b_rates=0
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 update-notifier[3101]: gtk_widget_get_scale_factor: assertion 'GTK_IS_WIDGET (widget)' failed
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 update-notifier[3101]: gtk_widget_get_scale_factor: assertion 'GTK_IS_WIDGET (widget)' failed
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Reached target sleep.target - Sleep.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd[1]: Starting systemd-suspend.service - System Suspend...
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Successfully made thread 2235 of process 2218 owned by '1000' high priority at nice level 0.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 7 threads of 4 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 7 threads of 4 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Successfully made thread 2235 of process 2218 owned by '1000' RT at priority 20.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 rtkit-daemon[1392]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 systemd-sleep[31963]: Performing sleep operation 'suspend'...
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: PM: suspend entry (s2idle)
Jan 28 21:39:01 sam-ThinkPad-E14-Gen-5 kernel: Filesystems sync: 0.006 seconds
-- Boot 7af8612b17004ea48269c8a965df1cdd --

Does anyone has an idea how I could fix this issue? Please let me know if you need some more information.

I have three screens connected via two graphics adapters on a Ubuntu 24 LTS machine. This works smoothly, but there is something that bugs me:

The login screen is only the left one. I'd like the right monitor to display the login prompt. How can I define which screen is active during login or when the screen is locked?

The lightdm solution pointed out in Choose lightdm login screen location in multi monitor setup does not work for me.

I tried going to the Display Settings screen, and this is what it looks like. The black bar on screen 1 marks up my main screen with the dash - exactly the way I want it. The login however shows up on screen 2 and I'd like this to be on 1 as well.

While it is easy (and obvious how) to move a window between workspaces - there are default shortcuts for that (and also commands like qbus org.kde.kglobalaccel /component/kwin invokeShortcut 'Window to Next Desktop') -, doing the same between activities is not so obvious.

Even switching between activities with a click (a launcher) is not that obvious, although we have a default shortcut at hand ('Walk through activities').

In order to switch between 2 activities with a click (a panel launcher/widget), I have this script:

#!/bin/bash

A1="95fa1282-2220-4165-9297-a3b3e6d54211"
A2="5b590b8a-a8ea-4756-8bd3-358cc874270f"

CURRENT=$(qdbus org.kde.ActivityManager /ActivityManager/Activities CurrentActivity)

if [ "$CURRENT" = "$A1" ]; then
    qdbus org.kde.ActivityManager /ActivityManager/Activities SetCurrentActivity "$A2"
else
    qdbus org.kde.ActivityManager /ActivityManager/Activities SetCurrentActivity "$A1"
fi

We need to find and replace the IDs for each activity. To list those: kactivities-cli --list-activities. The script can be used with a launcher (which can be added to the panel) and acts as a toggle. (We have a shortcut for this already, the script is for a launcher: but it should work as a shortcut too, in both X11 and Wayland.)

I am posting an answer on how move the focused window to a second activity.

I'm running Ubuntu 22.04 in a HDD (/dev/sdd) and I have a 2T SSD disk (/dev/sdb) where I have another ubuntu installed and that is partitioned like this:

$ sudo gdisk -l /dev/sdb
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.8

Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/sdb: 3907029168 sectors, 1.8 TiB
Model: Samsung SSD 870 
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): C04E1719-7349-4D27-BB25-B8FDF867C2C1
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 3907029134
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 4205 sectors (2.1 MiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1            2048         1015807   495.0 MiB   EF00  EFI system partition
   2         1015808         3112959   1024.0 MiB  8300  Linux filesystem
   3         3112960       259753983   122.4 GiB   8300  Linux filesystem
   4       259753984      3869278207   1.7 TiB     8300  Linux filesystem
   5      3869280256      3907028991   18.0 GiB    8200 

sdb2 is the boot partition, and sdb3 and sdb4 root and home respectively.

The EFI partition (/dev/sdb1) has boot and esp flags:

$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print 
Model: ATA Samsung SSD 870 (scsi) 
Disk /dev/sdb: 2000GB 
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B 
Partition Table: gpt 
Disk Flags:  

Number  Start   End     Size    File system     Name                  Flags 
1      1049kB  520MB   519MB   fat32           EFI system partition  boot, esp 
2      520MB   1594MB  1074MB  ext4            Linux filesystem 
3      1594MB  133GB   131GB   ext4            Linux filesystem 
4      133GB   1981GB  1848GB  ext4            Linux filesystem 
5      1981GB  2000GB  19,3GB  linux-swap(v1)                        swap

When I try to install grub in that partition it fails with the error:

grub-install: error: unknown filesystem.

I've seen other people say that this is solved by disabling the metadata_csum_seedfeature but in my case that doesn't solve the issue.

To install grub in /dev/sdb I mount root (/dev/sdb3) in /mnt, then I mount boot partition in /mnt/boot and efi partition in /mnt/boot/efi. Then I bind my running ubuntu's dev, proc and sys with the mounted root and chroot to it. When I execute grub-installcommand to install grub it fails with the error mentioned before:

$ sudo mount /dev/sdb3 /mnt/
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/boot/
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/boot/efi/
$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
$ sudo chroot /mnt
root@LINUX-WS:/# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: unknown filesystem.

UPDATE:

if I run the grub-install command with high verbosity (-vv) I get a Read out of rangeerror before failing, maybe this is a hint of what it is happening but I have no idea.

root@LINUX-WS:/# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB -vv
[...]
grub-core/kern/fs.c:56: Detecting cbfs... 
grub-core/kern/disk.c:420: Read out of range: sector 0x200000 (attempt to read or write outside of partition). 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:78: cbfs detection failed. 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:56: Detecting btrfs... 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:78: btrfs detection failed. 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:56: Detecting bfs... 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:78: bfs detection failed. 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:56: Detecting afs... 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:78: afs detection failed. 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:56: Detecting affs... 
grub-core/kern/fs.c:78: affs detection failed. 
grub-install: error: unknown filesystem.

UPDATE2: I have also tried specifying the efi directory in the grub-install command as suggested in one of the answers (although it is not needed since I'm using the default path) but I get the same error:

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB /dev/sdb

I want to run ubuntu using this much faster and bigger SSD but I'm stuck here.

Any help will be much appreciated!

I've recently had to reinstall Ubuntu from an old 18.04 installation medium. I have now upgraded the system to 22.04 by running do-release-upgrade twice. A normal boot gets stuck after a series of output starting with Bluetooth: hci0: Waiting for firmware download to complete and ending with Bluetooth: hci0: Firmware timestamp 2023.24 buildtype 1 build 67068 .

After hammering on Ctrl+Alt+Del I get a message from system-journald "Received client request to relinquish /var/log/journal/...", followed some time after an output from "systemd-shutdown". There is some more output, and then a short pause saying "Waiting for process: plymouthd, system-udevd, system-udevd". This is followed by an output from udevd; "Worker [490] processing SEQNUM=3990 is taking a long time".

Since I can't copy and paste the outputs or even grab a screenshot, I have taken some photographs of my screen; the red line is where I try to force a reboot.

After this, a sigkill signal is sent to the three processes, and the shutdown remains stuck. Connecting and disconnecting USB devices does produce some output though.

systemd-shutdown[1]: Waiting for process: plymouthd, systemd-udevd, systen
systemd-udevd[444]: 0000:01:00.0: Worker [490] processing SEQNUM=3990 is t
systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGKILL to remaining processes...
systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGKILL to PID 444 (systemd-udevd).
systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGKILL to PID 475 (plymouthd).
systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGKILL to PID 490 (systemd-udevd).
systemd-shutdown[1]: Waiting for process: systemd-udevd, plymouthd
systemd-shutdown[1]: Unmounting file systems.
[ 1370]: Remounting '/' read-only in with options 'errors=remount-ro'.
EXT4-fs (sda4): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro. Quota mode: none.
systemd-shutdown[1]: All filesystems unmounted.
systemd-shutdown[1]: Deactivating swaps.
systemd-shutdown[1]: All swaps deactivated.
systemd-shutdown[1]: Detaching loop devices.
systemd-shutdown[1]: All loop devices detached.
systemd-shutdown[1]: Stopping MD devices.
systemd-shutdown[1]: All MD devices stopped.
systemd-shutdown[1]: Detaching DM devices.
systemd-shutdown[1]: All DM devices detached.
systemd-shutdown[1]: All filesystems, swaps, loop devices, MD devices and DM de
systemd-shutdown[1]: Syncing filesystems and block devices.
systemd-shutdown[1]: Rebooting.
kvm: exiting hardware virtualization

I have attempted to run update-initramfs -k all, but that has not fixed the problem.

I can work around this problem by booting in Recovery mode and immediately resuming normal boot, in which case the problem does not appear. Because of this I suspect it could be plymouthd, but the freeze is happening right after a device firmware is loaded and the warning message suggests udev.

How do I go about diagnosing this further? Are there supposed to be two udevd processes, and if not how do I track the rogue one down?

Due to the freshness of the install, I have decided that the best solution was to download a newer installation media image and reinstall from that.

My computer hung up so I forced it to turn off. When it restarted, I had this error message:

The root filesystem on /dev/sda2 requires a manual fsck.

So then I typed in fsck -f /dev/sda1

Then I got a message:

fsck from util-linux 2.37.2
(initramfs)

I typed in "help" and got a long list of commands.

I have no idea what to do that this point. Please pretend I am your grandmother as I do not understand the Ubuntu jargon.

Towards the end of last year I replaced the SSD on my Lenovo ThinkPad L380. I installed Ubuntu 20.04 from live USB with separate /boot and /boot/efi partitions and a single LUKS-encrypted partition for / .

Device          Start       End Sectors  Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1  2048    1050623 1048576  512M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 1050624  2549759 1499136  732M Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p3 2549760 3907028991 3904479232  1.8T Linux filesystem

There is no Windows partition.

The system rebooted fine. I then installed the 20.04 versions of packages from my previous 18.04 installation and restored my home directory from backup.

After a software update last week I restarted the system and it failed to boot. No GRUB menu appeared, I was not prompted for the encryption passphrase and the last line of the log said something about snap. After a long wait, the system restarted by itself. This time the snap messages had gone but still no boot.

I tried suggestions online to get the GRUB menu to appear:

Holding down the SHIFT key from the BIOS screen didn't work.

I booted from live USB, mounted the partitions and edited /etc/default/grub:

GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_TERMINAL=console
GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

and ran update-grub. On restarting I could hear a beep (so the changes must have taken effect) but no menu appeared.

I tried removing the latest kernel, running update-grub and restarting. No change.

I then backed up the package list and home directory and did another clean reinstall. The system restarted fine, however on restoring the packages and my home directory I had exactly the same problem:

I got errors from snap and Ubuntu was unable to boot with the following boot messages.

[    1.568080] i915 0000:00:02.0: enabling device (0006 -> 0007)
[    1.569222] fb0: switching to inteldrmfb from EFI VGA
[    1.569944] Console: switching to colour dummy device 80x25
[    1.570356] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: deactivate vga console
[    1.572371] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=io+mem
,decodes=io+mem:owns=mem
[    1.573260] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] Finished loading DMC firmware i915/kbl_d
mc_ver1_04.bin (v1.4)
[    1.580597] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] [ENCODER:102:DDI B/PHY B] is disabled/in
DSI mode with an ungated DDI clock, gate it
[    1.581167] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] [ENCODER:118:DDI C/PHY C] is disabled/in
DSI node with an ungated DDI clock, gate it
[    1.596277] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20201103 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0
[    1.601050] ACPI: video: Video Device [GFX0] (multi-head: yes rom: no post:
no)
[    1.602020] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0A08:00/L
NXVIDEO:00/input/input6
[    1.757565] tsc: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 1991.998 MHz
[    1.757908] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x396d4e5f
c9d, max_idle_ns: 881590756024 ns
[    1.758459] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
[    2.013306] fbcon: i915drmfb (fb0) is primary device
[    2.013351] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 170x48
[    2.015259] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] fb0: i915drmfb frame buffer device
[    2.044836] psmouse serio1: elantech: assuming hardware version 4 (with firmware version 0x4f3001)
[    2.055941] psmouse serio1: elantech: Synaptics capabilities query result 0x90, 0x18, 0x0d.
[    2.067054] psmouse serio1: elantech: Elan sample query result 00, 1d, 86
[    2.078003] psmouse serio1: elantech: Elan ic body: 0x10, current fw version: 0x5
[    2.086110] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[    2.099101] psmouse serio1: elantech: Trying to set up SMBus access
[    2.099535] psmouse serio1: elantech: SMBus companion is not ready yet
[    2.100303] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[    2.100696] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[    2.123387] input: ETPS/2 Elantech TrackPoint as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input7
[    2.137185] input: ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input5
[    6.465073] systemd-udevd[206]: card0: Process '/usr/lib/snapd/snap-device-helper change snap_snap-store_snap-store /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card
ailed with exit code 1.
[    6.466412] systemd-udevd[206]: card0: Process '/usr/lib/snapd/snap-device-helper change snap_snap-store_ubuntu-software /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm
:0' failed with exit code 1.
[    6.467711] systemd-udevd[206]: card0: Process '/usr/lib/snapd/snap-device-helper change snap_snap-store_ubuntu-local-file /devices/pci0000:00/0000:
m/card0 226:0' failed with exit code 1.
[   14.115046] systemd-udevd[387]: card0: Process '/usr/lib/snapd/snap-device-helper change snap_snap-store_snap-store /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card
ailed with exit code 1.
[   14.117830] systemd-udevd[387]: card0: Process '/usr/lib/snapd/snap-device-helper change snap_snap-store_ubuntu-software /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm
:0' failed with exit code 1.

There are five messages all quite similar. The first one is something like:

systemd-udevd[206]: card0: Process '/usr/lib/snapd/snap-device-helper change snap_snap-store_snap-store /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card failed with exit code 1.

On subsequent restarts, the snap messages had disappeared but still no boot.

I ran boot-repair and saved the log. This restored the GRUB menu so I could then boot into recovery mode.

Now I see the following messages. It takes a long time before they all appear:

Begin: Running /scripts/local-top … Volume group “vgubuntu” not found
  Cannot process volume group vgubuntu
  Volume group “vgubuntu” not found
  Cannot process volume group vgubuntu
Cryptsetup: Waiting for encrypted source device
    UUID=xxxx
Done.
Begin: Running /scripts/local-premount … findfs: unable to resolve ‘LABEL=writable’
Begin: Waiting for suspend/resume device … Begin: Running /scripts/local-block … Cryptsetup: Waiting for encrypted source device
    UUID=xxxx
  Volume group “vgubuntu” not found
  Cannot process volume group vgubuntu
Done.
Cryptsetup: Waiting for encrypted source device
    UUID=xxxx
Done.
Gave up Waiting for suspend/resume device
Done
The required kernel commandline snap_core is not set

Then I'm dumped at the initramfs prompt.

Any suggestions as to what to do next? It's not clear to me which of the above messages is the cause of the problem. The snap_core one seems critical.

I installed the WSL Bash on Windows 10 so it can act as my terminal in VScode, but the default directory is ~/home/USERNAME

I would like it to be /mnt/c/Users/USERNAME (so on my windows domain side)

I've looked at so many different angles on how to change the default from adding a command to .bashrc that manually changes the directory on startup, to going to the registry editor and trying to change the default directory for CMD, (turns out even that's a challenge as the file I needed to alter doesn't even exist but that's a problem for another day)

Any ideas on how I can change the WSL ubuntu18.04 terminal so that the default directory on startup is different?

I am having trouble uninstall VMWare Horizon from my PC

I googled and found some commands to run on VMWare website:

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Horizon-Client-for-Linux/2012/horizon-client-linux-installation/GUID-9B5BE7D9-B4A9-4CBB-9534-7E65A813A751.html

According to website, I choose to run this command because I do not remember setting executable permissions on the installation file:

For uninstallation, if you have not set executable permission:

sudo env VMWARE_KEEP_CONFIG=yes \

sh ./VMware-Horizon-Client-YYMM-x.x.x-yyyyyyy.arch.bundle -u vmware-horizon-client

I changed the syntax based on the version and build I have on my VMWare Horizon Client application:

@OMN:~$ sudo env VMWARE_KEEP_CONFIG=no \

sh ./VMware-Horizon-Client-5.4.1-15988340.arch.bundle -u vmware-horizon-client

This is the output I got:

COLORTERM=truecolor
XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.webp=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:
TERM=xterm-256color
DISPLAY=:1
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin
MAIL=/var/mail/root
LOGNAME=
USER=
HOME=/root
SHELL=/bin/bash
SUDO_COMMAND=/usr/bin/env VMWARE_KEEP_CONFIG=yes
SUDO_USER=
SUDO_UID=1000
SUDO_GID=1000
VMWARE_KEEP_CONFIG=yes
sh: 0: cannot open ./VMware-Horizon-Client-5.4.1-15988340.arch.bundle: No such file
@-OMN:~$ 

Then, I navigate to bin folder and run vmware-uninstall this is the output I got:

@-OMN:/bin$ vmware-uninstall
You have gotten this message because you are either downgrading VMware
Workstation, Player, or VIX, or because you attempted to run either
vmware-uninstall or vmware-uninstall-vix.

If you are downgrading, please uninstall all newer versions first, then
install again.

The vmware-uninstall* scripts have been deprecated.  Instead, please use
the vmware-installer.

Long form:
      vmware-installer --uninstall-product PRODUCT
Short form:
      vmware-installer -u PRODUCT

Where PRODUCT is one of vmware-workstation, vmware-player, or vmware-vix.

For a list of which products are installed, you may run:
      vmware-installer --list-products
or:
      vmware-installer -l

Lastly, I ran vmware-installer -l, this is the output I got:

@-OMN:/bin$ vmware-installer -l

Product Name         Product Version     
==================== ====================
vmware-workstation   16.1.2.17966106   

This is build and version I currently have installed on Ubuntu 21.04 below:

I would like to install Ubuntu using WUBI or something similar (from inside Windows). The general consensus seems to be that WUBI might be dangerous(?) but nobody seems to be sure. And you get the same results when you search for alternatives, with the only one mentioned by name being recommended against.

Assuming it can be done, does anyone know if this is hard on an SSD? How about repeated OS installs like we used to do with HDDs? Should I be doing as little of that as possible?

I'm a programmer with very little knowledge in the way of hardware, so please ELI5 (Explain Like I'm Five).

Thanks for your time, all.

This relates to my laptop HP 250 with a dual boot hard drive with Windows 10. I assume the Ubuntu boot time increased with the updates, but since I restored an image on the same hard drive it's got much worse. I also expanded the Ubuntu partition after restoring the image, but this didn't seem to worsen the boot time.

systemd-analyze blame showed apt-daily.service was taking 58 seconds and I fixed it by [.

I just timed the boot time and it's as follows:

• 40 seconds after pushing start the GRUB menu pops up (for just 2 seconds, as I set it)
• 1 minute later the Ubuntu logo with the dots switching red/white shows up
• ~1.5 minutes later the logging screen appears -> Total ~3 min & 10 secs

This is the current systemd-analyze blame

 23.157s dev-sda3.device
 23.140s systemd-journal-flush.service
  9.582s plymouth-quit-wait.service
  7.181s snapd.service
  6.750s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
  6.551s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
  3.838s mysql.service
  3.546s networkd-dispatcher.service
  3.021s keyboard-setup.service
  2.867s dev-loop11.device
  2.686s NetworkManager.service
  2.492s dev-loop13.device
  2.485s dev-loop21.device
  2.402s dev-loop17.device
  2.247s udisks2.service
  2.239s dev-loop20.device
  2.066s dev-loop4.device
  1.944s dev-loop7.device
  1.802s dev-loop18.device
  1.797s grub-common.service

And systemd-analyze critical-chain copi-pasted below with screenshot here

graphical.target @1min 47.284s
└─multi-user.target @1min 47.284s
  └─teamviewerd.service @1min 44.449s +71ms
    └─network-online.target @1min 44.447s
      └─NetworkManager-wait-online.service @1min 37.696s +6.750s
        └─NetworkManager.service @1min 35.005s +2.686s
          └─dbus.service @1min 34.059s
            └─basic.target @1min 34.034s
              └─sockets.target @1min 34.034s
                └─snapd.socket @1min 34.006s +28ms
                  └─sysinit.target @1min 33.967s
                    └─systemd-timesyncd.service @28.356s +245ms
                      └─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service @28.031s +322ms
                        └─local-fs.target @28.029s
                          └─run-user-1000-gvfs.mount @1min 58.829s
                            └─run-user-1000.mount @1min 54.722s
                              └─local-fs-pre.target @10.458s
                                └─systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service @3.906s +6.
                                  └─kmod-static-nodes.service @3.801s +103ms
                                    └─systemd-journald.socket @3.801s
                                      └─system.slice @3.800s
                                        └─-.slice @3.791s

Can the values from the main contributors be reduced somehow? Or what else can I do to shorten the boot up time? I have seen that dmesg can be useful. Can you provide any guidance on how to check it?

Slow system

When I log into the system it takes quite some time to "get ready" for use. When I open applications like File System takes a long time to open them.

Frozen screen(s)

In three days that I used this system, the computer froze more than 4 times. The screens froze, but the system keeps running (tested during a Zoom call where the camera and microphone kept working after the incident).

Every time the system freezes the only solution is rebooting with Alt + SystemKeyit + R E I S U B. No other key combinations works (I tried Alt + F2 and any other function key)

What I tried

I tried reinstalling the OS (still Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)

Hardware

• CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 3800XT 3.9 GHz 8 Core
• Motherboard MSI B550-A PRO (BIOS: A.10)
• RAM: 32GB (4x8GB) 3600
• SSD: 512GB M.2-2280
• HDD: 3TB 7200RPM
• Graphics card: MSI Radeon RX 5500 XT 8GB (2 monitors connected)

Operating system

• OS: Ubuntu 20.04

Partitions

• EFI: 500MB (SSD)
• swap: 38GB (SSD)
• /boot: 500MB (SSD)
• root: 473GB (SSD)
• /home: 3TB (HDD)

What's installed on it

I have just built this system and freshly installed Ubuntu on it.

The only applications on the system currently are:

• Default applications installed with 'Normal Installation'
• Zoom.us client
• gphoto2 to connect my camera as a webcam
• Virtual box with 2 virtual machines
• Telegram

In the log file there is a persistent error:

Nov 27 00:08:45 chale-MS gnome-shell[2441]: JS ERROR: TypeError: windowActor is null#012_addWindowEffect@resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/closeDialog.js:90:28#012vfunc_show@resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/closeDialog.js:162:14

Other errors in the log file on latest reboot (after installing the drivers for the graphics card).

gnome-shell[1948]: Error looking up permission: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.portal.Error.NotFound: No entry for geolocation

colord[1089]: failed to get session [pid 2140]: No data available

gnome-shell[1308]: Failed to set CRTC gamma: drmModeCrtcSetGamma on CRTC 68 failed: Permission denied

gsd-color[2140]: failed to connect to device: Failed to connect to missing device /org/freedesktop/ColorManager/devices/xrandr_Dell_Inc__DELL_U2717D_J0XYN655A7MS_gdm_125

fwupd[2413]: 19:09:31:0182 FuPluginUefi Error opening directory “/sys/firmware/efi/esrt/entries”: No such file or directory

tracker-miner-f[1240]: Error while sending AddMatch() message: The connection is closed

running ls -al /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions returns:

total 20
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 lug 31 18:29 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 nov 25 19:40 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 nov 25 19:41 desktop-icons@csoriano
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 lug 31 18:29 ubuntu-appindicators@ubuntu.com
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 nov 25 19:40 ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com

running free -h returns:

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           31Gi       4,6Gi        22Gi       201Mi       4,2Gi        26Gi
Swap:          30Gi          0B        30Gi

running sudo lshw -C memory returns:

*-firmware                
       description: BIOS
       vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
       physical id: 0
       version: A.10
       date: 07/01/2020
       size: 64KiB
       capacity: 32MiB
       capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
  *-memory
       description: System Memory
       physical id: f
       slot: System board or motherboard
       size: 32GiB
     *-bank:0
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: CMK32GX4M4D3600C18
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 0
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 0
          size: 8GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
     *-bank:1
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: CMK32GX4M4D3600C18
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 1
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 1
          size: 8GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
     *-bank:2
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: CMK32GX4M4D3600C18
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 2
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 0
          size: 8GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
     *-bank:3
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: CMK32GX4M4D3600C18
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 3
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 1
          size: 8GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
  *-cache:0
       description: L1 cache
       physical id: 12
       slot: L1 - Cache
       size: 512KiB
       capacity: 512KiB
       clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
       capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
       configuration: level=1
  *-cache:1
       description: L2 cache
       physical id: 13
       slot: L2 - Cache
       size: 4MiB
       capacity: 4MiB
       clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
       capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
       configuration: level=2
  *-cache:2
       description: L3 cache
       physical id: 14
       slot: L3 - Cache
       size: 32MiB
       capacity: 32MiB
       clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
       capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
       configuration: level=3

SMART data HDD:

memtest report:

I am running Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS and have an Intel AX200 Wifi 6 (Gig+) wifi/bluetooth card. My wifi works just fine but my operating system doesn't seem to recognize that the card also supports bluetooth.

Unlike Bluetooth/Wi-Fi Troubleshooting: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, Intel AX200, my "Software & Updates" only shows my GPU not the wifi/bluetooth card. I have tried installing the driver for "Intel® Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz" from https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi, copying it into /lib/firmware, and rebooting but that didn't seem to work either.

Here is the result when I run dmesg | grep iwl. Let me know if you need more information!

[    3.480424] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[    3.485588] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-50.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.485603] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-49.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.486825] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: TLV_FW_FSEQ_VERSION: FSEQ Version: 43.2.23.17
[    3.486827] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Found debug destination: EXTERNAL_DRAM
[    3.486828] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Found debug configuration: 0
[    3.487005] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: loaded firmware version 48.4fa0041f.0 op_mode iwlmvm
[    3.504740] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz, REV=0x340
[    3.516892] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Applying debug destination EXTERNAL_DRAM
[    3.517361] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Allocated 0x00400000 bytes for firmware monitor.
[    3.667363] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: base HW address: c8:b2:9b:e9:cd:e3
[    3.684555] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0 wlp8s0: renamed from wlan0
[    4.548573] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: Applying debug destination EXTERNAL_DRAM
[    4.698841] iwlwifi 0000:08:00.0: FW already configured (0) - re-configuring

I'm new to Ubuntu. I like to play around with it sometimes. Just now I booted Ubuntu from an USB stick. I use a wired connection and Ubuntu has airplane mode on every time it boots up. Last time I used this was 2 weeks ago.

The cable is not yet connected and hasn't been while booting. Somehow I got a prompt asking me to update, so now I fear that this is caused by some kind of malware.

Specs:

• Ubuntu desktop 18.04 64-bit
• Intel Core i7
• 8 GB RAM

The two things I want to know are:

1. How is this possible?

2. Could it be malware?

At this time I still have the PC disconnected from the internet. I'm using my phone right now. What I think is that it might be malware that might have gotten in the last time I used it and presents itself as an update. Here is a screen photo that I took with my phone.

I'm trying to build an executable Qt-based program for Linux, and link Qt statically in the binary. According to the Qt docs, to do this I'm going to need to build Qt from source, starting with the commands:

cd /path/to/Qt
./configure -static -prefix /path/to/Qt

when I try this, I get a long bunch of output ending with:

ERROR: The OpenGL functionality tests failed!
You might need to modify the include and library search paths by editing QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL[_ES2],
QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL[_ES2] and QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL[_ES2] in the mkspec for your platform.

Check config.log for details.

This isn't the first time I had problems with OpenGL and Qt... when I built my program with dynamic linking (using binary Qt libs) I got a similar problem, which I solved by symlinking to libGL.so from /usr/lib.

The output from configure said to go and find the "mkspec" for my platform, so I looked at Qt/5.13.1/Src/qtbase/mkspecs/linux-g++-64 (I explicitly told it to use that platform with the -platform command). I rooted around and tried setting those envvars to various combinations of paths that seemed plausible, to no avail.

It also mentioned a config.log file. When I look in this file, I can see open GL mentioned only in this block:

loaded result for library config.qtbase_gui.libraries.opengl
Trying source 0 (type pkgConfig) of library opengl ...
+ /usr/bin/pkg-config --exists --silence-errors gl
pkg-config did not find package.
  => source produced no result.
Trying source 1 (type makeSpec) of library opengl ...
Include path /usr/include/libdrm is invalid.
header entry 'config.qtbase_gui.libraries.opengl.headers.0' passed condition.
GL/gl.h not found in [/usr/include/libdrm] and global paths.
  => source produced no result.
test config.qtbase_gui.libraries.opengl FAILED
loaded result for library config.qtbase_gui.libraries.opengl_es2
Trying source 0 (type pkgConfig) of library opengl_es2 ...
+ /usr/bin/pkg-config --exists --silence-errors glesv2
pkg-config did not find package.
  => source produced no result.
Trying source 1 (type makeSpec) of library opengl_es2 ...
None of [libGLESv2.so libGLESv2.a] found in [] and global paths.
  => source produced no result.
test config.qtbase_gui.libraries.opengl_es2 FAILED

Indeed pkg-config --print-errors --exists gl can't find anything. No idea where it's getting that /usr/include/libdrm path...

Since Ubuntu 18.04 I can't drag a file e.g. image file to an open application such as Inkscape or Evolution email message window.

In Ubuntu 17.10 I was able to select the image file by clicking on it, and while holding down left mouse button I would hit the supper key displaying all open windows where for there I could then drop the file in any open app or folders. This is no longer possible/default behaviour since Ubuntu 18.04.

Is there a workaround that would allow me to achieve this or even a way to recreate the same behaviour like in 17.10?

I just installed net-snmp on Ubuntu 16.04 from sources using this tutorial (downloaded 5.7 patch), and when calling

$ snmpget --version
NET-SNMP version 5.7.3
$ whereis snmpd
snmpd: /usr/local/sbin/snmpd

so it has been installed. However, when I want to check if snmpd is running

sudo service snmpd status

it returns Loaded: not-found (Reason: No such file or directory) Active: inactive (dead). When I try to start snmpd

sudo service snmpd start

it returns Failed to start snmpd.service: Unit snmpd.service not found. When starting it directly from command line

$ snmpd
snmpd: symbol lookup error: snmpd: Undefined symbol: netsnmpd_close_fds

The other problem is that the /etc/snmp/ directory does not exist, which should contain the snmpd.conf file that I need to edit.

I never had these kinds of problems when I was using the

sudo apt-get install snmpd

but I must use sources to configure the installation with options that do not come with the 'apt-get' installation. What am I doing wrong?

I'am using ubuntu 17.04.

When I connect my headphones I need to manually switch my sound output in the settings from speakers to headphones. After removing my headphones I need to manually switch back to the speaker.

How can this be done automatically?

I am very much new to Linux platform. As I wanted to setup a FTP server using Ubuntu, I installed it and configured the FTP in it. Everything was fine before I enable SSL in vsftpd config file. Apart from default settings, I added the following lines to enable FTP SSL in Ubuntu server.

ssl_enable=YES
allow_anon_ssl=NO
force_local_data_ssl=YES
force_local_logins_ssl=YES
ssl_tlsv1=YES
ssl_sslv2=YES
ssl_sslv3=YES
# Filezilla uses port 21 if you don't set any port
# in Servertype "FTPES - FTP over explicit TLS/SSL"
# Port 990 is the default used for FTPS protocol.
# Uncomment it if you want/have to use port 990.
listen_port=990
pasv_min_port=12000
pasv_max_port=12100

Now if I try to access it with ftps (ftps:// I an getting the below error after entering FTP user name.

No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it.
Connection failed.

I noticed that it is trying to establish the connection using port 990. I just tried to open port 990 by adding rule in IPtables. The command I used is

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 990 -j ACCEPT

But no success.

I request somebody's help to troubleshoot why the connection is not establishing and how I can open necessary ports in Ubuntu.