My PC is a Dell Precision m4800. I have just installed Ubuntu on my machine, however the Wi-Fi is not working. It says: No Wi-Fi adapter found. I am new to Linux, and don't know how to diagnosis the issue.

I tried running the following commands.

sudo apt install linux-firmware  
sudo apt install broadcom-sta-dkms  

Then I rebooted my system, but it is not working. I am not sure if I can use this command, or if I should run another command that is compatible with my PC and corresponding Wi-Fi driver.

Results of sudo apt install linux-firmware:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
linux-firmware is already the newest version (20240318.git3b128b60-0ubuntu2.25).
linux-firmware set to manually installed.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 157 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up broadcom-sta-dkms (6.30.223.271-23ubuntu1.1) ...
Removing old broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 DKMS files...
Deleting module broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 completely from the DKMS tree.
Loading new broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 DKMS files...
Building for 6.17.0-20-generic
Building initial module for 6.17.0-20-generic
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/broadcom-sta-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-20-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build/make.log for more information.
dpkg: error processing package broadcom-sta-dkms (--configure):
 installed broadcom-sta-dkms package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
 broadcom-sta-dkms
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Results of sudo apt install broadcom-sta-dkms:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
broadcom-sta-dkms is already the newest version (6.30.223.271-23ubuntu1.1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 157 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y  
Setting up broadcom-sta-dkms (6.30.223.271-23ubuntu1.1) ...
Removing old broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 DKMS files...
Deleting module broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 completely from the DKMS tree.
Loading new broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 DKMS files...
Building for 6.17.0-20-generic
Building initial module for 6.17.0-20-generic
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/broadcom-sta-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-20-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build/make.log for more information.
dpkg: error processing package broadcom-sta-dkms (--configure):
 installed broadcom-sta-dkms package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
 broadcom-sta-dkms
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

I have a Lenovo Gaming 3i with GTX 1650 Ti. Just upgraded to the latest 26.04 and having issues with graphics. It also appears to get stuck on the load screen (Ubuntu/Lenovo Logo) but it just takes a bit longer and eventually loads the login screen. I think it may be happening when I connect the monitor. While logged in, whenever I connect the HDMI cable, it becomes unresponsive. Removing it will make it responsive again. I'm currently using nvidia-graphics-driver-590-open.

I am completely new to Linux dist. coming from Windows 10. I have installed Ubuntu and installed Steam. Almost all the games in my library are not running after installation.

I actually have a dual GPU in my desktop. Both are connected to each other by a card called 'SLI'. First GPU ensures imaging (rendering video). Second GPU ensures mathematical calculations.

I even installed the latest nvidia driver that is listed on the official ubuntu website. I tried via ChatGPT prompts to find a solution but nothing helped.

Can someone please provide support? I am very desperate.

I have installed Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS Desktop.
I installed the driver with:

sudo ubuntu-drivers install nvidia:535

Further info:

• Version of currently running driver:
  • NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module 535.288.01

HP x2 elite gen 8, Ubuntu 25.10 is installed. There's an auto-brightness sensor, and if you type "monitor-sensor" in the terminal, the values ​​change when you cover the top of the display with your hand. I'm a newbie, and I bought the tablet to learn Linux.The hardware buttons on the keyboard work and change the brightness. The brightness slider also works.

For reference, I use a Framework 13. I've been having an issue for several months now where the p, 0, and - keys will stop working, seemingly at random. Function always returns eventually, and it's only ever these three keys, and always those three together. I'm not very well-versed in Ubuntu and I've heard that restarting the keyboard drivers can work, but I'm not sure if I'm doing it right.

I tried this script:

sudo rmmod usbhid; sleep 3; sudo modprobe usbhid;

I am in the process of upgrading from Ubuntu 22.04 to Ubuntu 24.04, and I'm having a problem with recovering some 10 plus years of Firefox bookmarks. The last few months of 22.04 Firefox became prone to freezing so I would have to reboot to clear it. In frustration I tried Chromium, but found it only slightly less prone to freezing, so I decided to upgrade to Ubuntu 24.04 to see if it would be any better.

That's when I discovered that Chromium had without any notice to me converted all my HTML Firefox bookmarks to JSON formatted Chromium bookmarks.

Is there:

1. A way to turn JSON back into HTML
2. A way to get Firefox to accept JSON bookmarks
3. Do I have to accept the fact that I am permanently cursed with Chromium?

I ran flatpak install org.gnome.Builder on Kubuntu 25.10 before modifying and compiling a GTK3 app. Now most source code file extensions open in GNOME Builder. I'd like KDE Kate back as default to recover my preferred color scheme, custom keybinds, and VI mode. Uninstalling, then reinstalling when I want to work on GTK3 apps, is too inefficient.

Someone said to check xdg-mime query default text/plain and kcmshell6 kcm_componentchooser to set the default text editor, but it's still org.kde.kate.desktop as preferred. I was using a workaround on each of .{css,pl,sh}, right-clicking in Dolphin then going into Properties and changing the "Open with", but today I clicked on a .c file and decided I've had enough.

I'm about to split and loop through grep MimeType= /var/lib/flatpak/exports/share/applications/org.gnome.Builder.desktop to run xdg-mime default org.kde.Kate.desktop "$x", but this might not persist if a GNOME Builder update adds more MIME types. Which command can permanently prevent any specified application from being the first entry in Dolphin's "Open with" list and used by xdg-open?

A recent auto-upgrade from 6.14.0-37 to 6.17.0-14 yields a kernel panic at boot: Unable to mount root fs Unknown Block (0,0)

To get the machine up I have to select 6.14.0-37 from the GRUB boot menu. I can no longer do a normal boot/reboot because GRUB auto boots the newest (bad) kernel. I want to remove 6.17.0-14 from the GRUB menu.

All the help articles I've found instruct how to remove old kernel versions. How do I remove the NEWEST kernel version and retain the oldest in GRUB?

In reply to @heynnema:

ls -al /boot | grep init
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       28 Feb 22 08:04 initrd.img -> initrd.img-6.17.0-14-generic
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 75369010 Feb 22 08:00 initrd.img-6.14.0-37-generic
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       28 Feb 22 06:24 initrd.img.old -> initrd.img-6.14.0-37-generic

In reply to guiverc:

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS
Release:    24.04
Codename:   noble

In reply to david, looks like a DKMS build issue:

Setting up linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j24 KERNELRELEASE=6.17.0-14-generic -C /lib/modules/6.17.0-14-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/virtualbox-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.17.0-14-generic/x86_64 failed for virtualbox(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
 * dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
   ...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic (--configure):
installed linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 11
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04:
 linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 depends on linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic; however:
  Package linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic-hwe-24.04:
 linux-generic-hwe-24.04 depends on linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 (= 6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1); however:
  Package linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-generic-hwe-24.04 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der
Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j24 KERNELRELEASE=6.17.0-14-generic -C /lib/modules/6.17.0-14-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/virtualbox-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/7.0.16/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.17.0-14-generic/x86_64 failed for virtualbox(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
 * dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
   ...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (--configure):
 installed linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 11
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic
 linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04
 linux-generic-hwe-24.04
 linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic

DKMS issue relates to building the VirtualBox 7.0.16 kernel module.

I’m facing a persistent microphone issue on Kubuntu under Wayland. The hardware and ALSA layer appear to work correctly, but browsers fail to create an input stream.

I would appreciate guidance on structured debugging.

System Information

• Distro: Kubuntu (Plasma)

• echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE → wayland

• Audio stack: PipeWire 1.2.7 + WirePlumber

• Chipset: HDA Intel PCH

• Codec: Realtek ALC257

Output of:

cat /proc/asound/cards

0 [PCH]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PCH
HDA Intel PCH at 0x6001140000 irq 171

Problem Description

• During calls, people cannot hear me.

• I can hear them perfectly.

• Happens in Chrome, Firefox, and Brave.

• Sometimes browser shows “Mic not found”.

• Happens with and without headphones.

• Restarting PipeWire sometimes temporarily fixes it.

• Issue is inconsistent.

Current PipeWire State

Output of:

wpctl status

Audio devices:

• Built-in Audio detected

• Sink and Source both present

• Default sink and source correctly set to built-in analog stereo

However, when Chrome is open, under “Streams” I only see:

output_FL
output_FR

There are no input_FL / input_FR streams created for Chrome.

So:

• ALSA sees capture device

• PipeWire sees source

• Default source is correctly configured

• Browser does not create input stream

What I’ve Tried

1. Restarted services:

   systemctl --user restart pipewire pipewire-pulse wireplumber
   systemctl --user restart xdg-desktop-portal
   
   

2. Verified capture device exists:

   arecord -l
   
   

3. Verified duplex profile enabled (Analog Stereo Duplex).

4. Set default sink/source manually:

   wpctl set-default <sink-id>
   wpctl set-default <source-id>
   
   

5. Checked in pavucontrol:

   • Mic visible

   • Not muted

   • Volume normal

6. Disabled ALSA power saving:
   Created /etc/modprobe.d/disable-hda-powersave.conf with:

   options snd_hda_intel power_save=0 power_save_controller=N
   
   

   Rebuilt initramfs and rebooted.

7. Verified xdg-desktop-portal and xdg-desktop-portal-kde are installed.

None of these resolved the issue permanently.

Observations

• Hardware appears functional.

• ALSA layer is functional.

• PipeWire source node exists.

• Browser does not create capture stream.

• Restarting services sometimes restores mic temporarily.

• System is running under Wayland.

Installing Linux Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS to older iMac from flash drive. I get past EFI boot option. I edit boot entry with “nomodeset” at end of line. I press F10. Then it gets stuck at “Booting a command list”. Any help?

To force Ubuntu 24.10 to use Wayland with Nvidia driver 565, I followed these steps:

1. Check and Set GDM Configuration: Edit the GDM configuration file to ensure Wayland is enabled:

   • Open a terminal and run: sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf
   • Make sure the line WaylandEnable=true is present and uncommented. Save and exit.
   • Restart GDM with: sudo systemctl restart gdm3.

2. Verify Nvidia Driver: Confirm the Nvidia driver is installed and functional:

   • Run nvidia-smi to check if the GPU is recognized and ensure the version is 565.

3. Kernel Parameter: If Wayland doesn’t work, add the kernel parameter nvidia-drm.modeset=1:

   • Edit /etc/default/grub with sudo nano /etc/default/grub,
   • Add nvidia-drm.modeset=1 to GRUB_DEFAULT_OPTIONS, via GRUB_DEFAULT_OPTIONS="quiet splash nvidia-drm.modeset=1"
   • Then run sudo update-grub and reboot.

This $XDG_SESSION_TYPE always outputs x11:

echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE -> x11

I verified the display server using the loginctl command at the login screen to check the GDM session. These are the couple of active sessions - TX 2070

If I install via Software & Updates - 560.35.x defaults to Wayland on Ubuntu 24.10 via the open kernel metapackage from nvidia-driver-560-open(proprietary, tested)

If I do a run method installation the 565.77 & 570.86.16 beta defaults to x11 and I can't switch to Wayland

I'm running Ubuntu 22.04 LTS on WSL2 and have been running into some kind of apt issue where with a working internet connection and confirmed nslookups I always generate a phantom Error: Timeout Was Reached. I say phantom because I've checked every conceivable log and cannot find anything hinting at what error or connection errors would be relevant. Logs I've checked,

• journalctl
• apt term and history logs
• syslog
• dmesg

I've also tried every apt clean, remove, autoremove command.

I've tried running update in a more verbose mode but there is still no indicator why apt update always finishes with a timeout despite being able to find other requested packages. I've tried editing sources.list with the vanilla sources.list for 22.04 and still timeout. I've tried enabling a single source at a time but they all hit a timeout at the end regardless of successful fetches.

I am at a complete loss what is causing this, please let me know if there's further logs I can share.

Here is an example of the output of sudo apt update:

Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Error: Timeout was reached
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

Here is an example of that end of output I receive from sudo apt -oDebug::pkgAcquire::Worker=1 update

0% [Waiting for headers] <- http:102%20Status%0aMessage:%20Waiting%20for%20headers%0aURI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/InRelease
 <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%20871920D1991BC93C%0aSigned-By:%20F6ECB3762474EDA9D21B7022871920D1991BC93C!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.canonical.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.canonical.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease
 -> gpgv:600%20URI%20Acquire%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease%0aTarget-Type:%20index%0aTarget-Release:%20jammy-security%0aTarget-Repo-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/%0aTarget-Base-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-security/%0aTarget-Site:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu%0aIndex-File:%20true%0aMaximum-Size:%2010000000%0aLast-Modified:%20Tue,%2030%20Jan%202024%2006:38:28%20GMT%0aFail-Ignore:%20true%0a%0a
0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%20871920D1991BC93C%0aSigned-By:%20F6ECB3762474EDA9D21B7022871920D1991BC93C!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-security_InRelease
0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] <- http:201%20URI%20Done%0aIMS-Hit:%20true%0aLast-Modified:%20Fri,%2019%20Jan%202024%2017:47:17%20+0000%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aURI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/InRelease
 -> gpgv:600%20URI%20Acquire%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aTarget-Type:%20index%0aTarget-Release:%20jammy-backports%0aTarget-Repo-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/%0aTarget-Base-URI:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/%0aTarget-Site:%20http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu%0aIndex-File:%20true%0aMaximum-Size:%2010000000%0aLast-Modified:%20Fri,%2019%20Jan%202024%2017:47:17%20GMT%0aFail-Ignore:%20true%0a%0a
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
0% [Waiting for headers] <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%20871920D1991BC93C%0aSigned-By:%20F6ECB3762474EDA9D21B7022871920D1991BC93C!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_jammy-backports_InRelease
0% [Waiting for headers] <- https:201%20URI%20Done%0aIMS-Hit:%20true%0aLast-Modified:%20Mon,%2023%20May%202022%2016:49:11%20+0000%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aURI:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu/dists/jammy/InRelease
 -> gpgv:600%20URI%20Acquire%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aTarget-Type:%20index%0aTarget-Release:%20jammy%0aTarget-Repo-URI:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu/%0aTarget-Base-URI:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu/dists/jammy/%0aTarget-Site:%20https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu%0aIndex-File:%20true%0aMaximum-Size:%2010000000%0aLast-Modified:%20Mon,%2023%20May%202022%2016:49:11%20GMT%0aFail-Ignore:%20true%0a%0a
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/rael-gc/rvm/ubuntu jammy InRelease
0% [Working] <- gpgv:201%20URI%20Done%0aGPGVOutput:%20GOODSIG%208094BB14F4E3FBBE%0aSigned-By:%207BE3E5681146FD4F1A40EDA28094BB14F4E3FBBE!%0aFilename:%20/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InRelease%0aURI:%20gpgv:/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpadcontent.net_rael-gc_rvm_ubuntu_dists_jammy_InReleaseError: Timeout was reached
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them

UPDATE: Reset sources.list to just use archive.ubuntu.com

sources.list:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ jammy partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ jammy partner

result:

Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Error: Timeout was reached
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

Without evidence, if I had to guess, I'd say this all started with a botched a mysql uninstall a few weeks ago, not sure if that provides any helpful context.

I run a a few servers, 2 of which have mitmproxy correctly installed. I follow the same process as the other 2 servers on an identical 3rd server, but mitmproxy does not work. I get a TLS error every time. Here's what i do:

sudo apt install mitmproxy
mitmproxy
cd .mitmproxy
mv mitmproxy-ca.pem mitmproxy.crt
sudo cp mitmproxy.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates

this process usually works, but is now bugging out. Any way to fix?

edit: the error is Client Handshake failed. The client may not trust the proxy's certificate for [website]

Kernel panic:

[    3.141867] Initramfs unpacking failed: write error
[    4.000172] Failed to execute /init (error -2)
[    4.006616] Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.   
Try passing init= option to kernel.   
See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.
[    4.013053] CPU: 2 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.19.0-32-generic #33~2
2.04.1-Ubuntu
[    4.017130] Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBo
x 12/01/2006
[    4.021026] Call Trace:
[    4.022612]  <TASK>
[    4.025544]  show_stack+0x52/0x69
[    4.027544]  dump_stack_lvl+0x49/0x6d
[    4.029676]  dump_stack+0x10/0x18
[    4.031716]  panic+0x162/0x2fb
[    4.033552]  kernel_init+0x164/0x170
[    4.035771]  ? rest_init+0x100/0x100
[    4.037785]  ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
[    4.039871]  </TASK>
[    4.042282] Kernel Offset: 0x37800000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation  
range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    4.047528] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found.  
Try passing init= option to kernel.   
See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance. ]---

What's wrong here? How do I fix this?

I have just installed a Ubuntu-20.04 on WSL2. And I installed a miniconda env with python 3.7, and then I installed opencv-python by "conda install opencv". But when I try the simplest cv2.imshow, it complains below:

cv2.error: OpenCV(3.4.2) /tmp/build/80754af9/opencv-suite_1535558553474/work/modules/highgui/src/window.cpp:632: error: (-2:Unspecified error) The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Carbon support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure script in function 'cvShowImage'

By the way, I can show plotting window by matplotlib.pyplot after I installed a VcXsrv and export DISPLAY=host_ip_in_wsl2:1.1. And I also make my GPU works after installed Windows 10 November 2021 update, CUDA driver for WSL2, and CUDA toolkit 11.0. I can get Tensorflow 2.4.1 working well with GPU. I can compile darknet with GPU and use it for YOLO v1.

I googled some. They say uninstall opencv and reinstall from channel menpo can do it. But this post is 5 years ago and not for WSL.

I also saw some posts demonstrate a tedious procedure to compile opencv-python from source.

So, how to use opencv-python on Ubuntu-20.04 of WSL2? Easy approaches like "conda install ..." or "pip install ..." is preferred. Compiling from source is also acceptable.

I am hosting an NFS server on my Synology NAS. It is configured via the in-built NFS server under File Services. The configuration options are somewhat limited and I have set 32kb read/write packet size and max NFS version is 4.1.

The /etc/exports entry is:

/volume1/NAS_Andrew 192.168.0.0/24(rw,async,no_wdelay,crossmnt,insecure,all_squash,insecure_locks,sec=sys,anonuid=1024,anongid=100)

My ubuntu client has the following fstab entry:

192.168.0.219:/volume1/NAS_Andrew /mnt/nas nfs nofail,nconnect=16,rsize=32000,wsize=32000,hard 0 0

This resolves to the following entry in /proc/mounts when mounted:

192.168.0.219:/volume1/NAS_Andrew /mnt/nas nfs4 rw,relatime,vers=4.1,rsize=32000,wsize=32000,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,nconnect=16,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.0.220,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.0.219 0 0

The problem is that when I am writing a large file to the NFS mount, all other filesystem operations within the mount hang.

For example, if I run the following in terminal 1:

time dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/nas/testfile bs=16k count=128k

and then run ls -la in terminal 2; the ls process hangs until the dd write is complete.

I believe the issue is limited to the local NFS client because if I run the same ls -la on another server that also has the NFS share mounted - it runs without any hang or issue.

I'm hoping that someone can shed some light as to why the write operation is blocking. I tried setting nconnect=16 in an effort to increase the tcp connections and allow more than one operation - however this did not work and I suspect nconnect may be limited to cases where multiple network interfaces are available.

I am running Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS.

Any input is greatly appreciated.

I found this kernel panic error on Ubuntu VM hosted with Hyper-V.

 ffff810186ab7c00 ffff810184140390 ffff810184140380 ffffffff8827de90
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8827dda>]:hv_netvsc:netvsc_destroy_recv_buf+0xb0/0x150
 [<ffffffff8827de90>] :hv_netvsc:netvsc_device_remove+0x16/0xb1
 [<ffffffff8827f137>] :hv_netvsc:rndis_filter_device_remove+0x133/0x142
 [<ffffffff800a3fb1>] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2e
 [<ffffffff8827f328>] :hv_netvsc:rndis_filter_query_device+0xcd/0xdb
 [<ffffffff8827d5be>] :hv_netvsc:netvsc_probe+0x149/0x1fc
 [<ffffffff880003fa>] :hv_vmbus:vmbus_probe+0x36/0x76
 [<ffffffff801d17a2>] driver_probe_device+0x64/0xbc
 [<ffffffff801d18d1>] __driver_attach+0x65/0xb6
 [<ffffffff801d186c>] __driver_attach+0x0/0xb6
 [<ffffffff801d1097>] bus_for_each_dev+0x43/0x6e
 [<ffffffff801d0ccc>] bus_add_driver+0x76/0x110
 [<ffffffff88000978>] :hv_vmbus:__vmbus_driver_register+0x49/0x59
 [<ffffffff800aa984>] sys_init_module+0xbd/0x206
 [<ffffffff8005d116>] system_call+0x7e/0x83

Code: 0f 0b 68 6b 31 00 88 c2 f1 01 eb fe 48 c7 c7 58 6e 00 88 e8
RIP [<ffffffff880014e9>] :hv_vmbus:vmbus_teardown_gpadl+0xc9/0x113
 RSP <ffff810187c0fcc8>
 <0>Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

I need my Ubuntu to be stable as I rely on it heavily for my business and uni. I needed to update my google cloud sdk so I run sudo apt upgrade as I have done for the last year with no issues. After reboot, my dual screen monitor stopped working and the main display freezing and I lost access to my virtualbox.

I am losing about $50 an hour while this is broken so I am happy to pay some one $100US an hour so I can have a stable system again. Is it possible to stop Ubuntu from upgrading the kernel itself?

Really angry actually that Ubuntu would release such a broken and untested kernel on an LTS system.

Since a few days ago, I can't boot my computer on ubuntu, I can't even access rescue mode or boot on a liveusb to try to reinstall my os. Windows is booting fine however.

On a regular ubuntu boot some services fail to start and at some point, the boot process simply stops

When I try to start rescue mode or boot with liveusb, I have other messages like AMD-VI: Completion-Wait loop timed out and iommu ivhd0: Event logged [IOTLB_INV_TIMEOUT device=1b:00.0 address=0x40e596610] or Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected inside scheduler

Computer specs:

• Motherboard: b350 PC MATE (BIOS up-to-date)
• CPU: Ryzen 5 2600X
• GPU: Radeon RX 570
• Ubuntu 18.04.2

I check my hardware (memtest, gpu/cpu stress test, SMART drive check) and nothing is wrong, I even tried another graphics card. I tried to boot with an Ubuntu 16.04 live USB, but it had the same issue. I tried boot options noapic, nolapic without any success, with acpi=off I have the following screen.

[    0.347849] core perfctr but no constraints: unknown hardware
[    3.696347] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    3.842706] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    3.989264] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    4.135405] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    4.281522] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    4.427683] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    4.696174] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    4.696595] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IOTLB_INV_TIMEOUT device=1b:00.0 address=0x
000000040cecc890]
[    4.696602] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IOTLB_INV_TIMEOUT device=1b:00.0 address=0x
000000040cecc8b0]
[    4.825145] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    4.949494] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    5.073950] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    5.199620] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    5.324417] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    5.448750] AMD-Vi: Completion-Wait loop timed out
[    5.551040] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IOTLB_INV_TIMEOUT device=1b:00.0 address=0x
000000040cecc8f0]
[    9.055354] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[    9.055379] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
_

I tried to boot with an Ubuntu daily build in order to have the latest kernel, but I had no luck.

I managed to access my terminal, update-grub didn't help, but when I typed sudo apt update I had E: Error reading the CPU table. /usr/share/dpkg/cputable was missing, I copied a version of the file I found in /snap/core18/941/usr/share/dpkg/cputable and now I have E: Cannot find dpkg tuplet or triplet table.

I have these problems on every boot. Basically the booting my system acts like a state machine. The first state is booting into a black screen. I'm forced to power the PC off. After this, the next boot results in e2fsck detecting a problem with the superblock checksum as shown below.

fsck.ext4: Superblock checksum does not match superblock while trying to open /dev/sda11   
/dev/sda11:     
The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem.  
If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4   
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock      
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an  alternate superblock:   
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>  
or   
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>  

fsck exited with status code 8 
[ 8.457351] EXT4-fs (sda11): VFS: Found ext4 filesystem with invalid superblock checksum.   
Run e2fsck? 
mount: mounting /dev/sda11 on /root failed: Bad message 
mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory   
mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory  
mount: mounting /run on /root/run failed: No such file or directory  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0 
Target filesystem doesn't have requested /sbin/init.  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0 run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
run-init: current directory on the same filesystem as the root: error 0  
No init found. Try passing init= bootarg.  

BusyBox v1.27.2 (Ubuntu 1:1.27.2-2ubuntu3.2) built-in shell (ash)  
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.  

(initramfs) e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sda11 -y

As shown, I run an e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sda11 -y

The result of this is the following - directories, free inodes counts wrong => file system modified (and the values are identical on every startup):

Directories count wrong for group #912 (0, counted=1397). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #928 (8192, counted=4172). Fix? yes
Directories count wrong for group #928 (0, counted=1397). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #944 (8192, counted=2957). Fix? yes
Directories count wrong for group #944 (0, counted=794). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #992 (8192, counted=8191). Fix? yes
Directories count wrong for group #992 (0, counted=1). Fix? yes
Free inodes count wrong (8421365, counted=8006580). Fix? yes

/dev/sda11: ***** FILE SYSTEM HAS MODIFIED ***** /dev/sda11:  
414796/8421376 files (0.4% non-contiguous), 10761546/33684480 blocks  
(initramfs)

I type exit after this, and get this kernel panic message:

[  204.537741] R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000343 R09: 0000000000000046
[  204.538356] R13: 0000000000000004 R14: 0000000000000003 R12: 0000000000000000
[  204.540364] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff96ebaed00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[  204.541680] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[  204.543005] CR2: 00007f4650ef6ddc CR3: 000000015d20a002 CR4: 00000000001606e0
[  204.544338] Call Trace:
[  204.545657]  <IRQ>
[  204.546978]  kick_ilb+0x73/0xa0
[  204.548293]  trigger_load_balance+0xa2/0x1b0
[  204.549607]  ? tick_sched_do_timer+0x60/0x60
[  204.550929]  scheduler_tick+0xae/0xd0
[  204.552243]  update_process_times+0x47/0x60
[  204.553553]  tick_sched_handle+0x25/0x70
[  204.554872]  tick_sched_timer+0x3c/0x80
[  204.556178]  __hrtimer_run_queues+0x10f/0x280
[  204.557481]  hrtimer_interrupt+0xe7/0x240
[  204.558793]  ? sched_clock_idle_sleep_event+0x10/0x20
[  204.560108]  smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6f/0x140
[  204.561419]  apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
[  204.562737]  </IRQ>
[  204.564042]  RIP: 0010:panic+0x1fe/0x244
[  204.565351] Code: eb a6 83 3d 17 45 8f 01 00 74 05 e8 10 74 02 00 48 c7 c6 20 31 98 8c 48 c7 c7 b8 d1 0d 8c e8 70 78 06 00 fb 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 <31> db e8
[  204.566798] RSP: 0018:ffffb8dcc18d3df8 EFLAGS: 00000282 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffff13
[  204.568230] RAX: 0000000000000056 RBX: ffff96eb9c659700 RCX: ffffffff8c463708
[  204.569668] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000096 RDI: 0000000000000046
[  204.571097] RBP: ffffb8dcc18d3e70 R08: 0000000000000341 R09: ffff96eb9c221ed0
[  204.572516] R10: ffffffff8c686060 R11: ffff96eb90784210 R12: 0000000000000000
[  204.573932] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff96eb9c6952a8 R15: ffff96eb9086a9b0
[  204.575347]  ? panic+0x1f7/0x244
[  204.576746]  do_exit+0xb30/0xb30
[  204.578123]  ? vfs_write+0x166/0x1a0
[  204.579488]  ? vfs_write+0x166/0x1a0
[  204.580831]  do_group_exit+0x43/0xb0
[  204.582157]  __x64_sys_exit_group+0x18/0x20
[  204.583475]  do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x120
[  204.584793]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
[  204.586124] RIP: 0033:0x7f4650ef6e06
[  204.587455] Code: Bad RIP value.
[  204.588788] RSP: 002b:00007ffe100763e8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7
[  204.590160] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055bb66034704 RCX: 00007f4650ef6e06
[  204.591544] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 000000000000003c RDI: 0000000000000001
[  204.592933] RBP: 00007ffe10076868 R08: 00000000000000e7 R09: ffffffffffffff80
[  204.594322] R10: 00007f4650f7ce50 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000003
[  204.595711] R13: 00007ffe10076860 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[  204.597092] ---[ end trace c313a0379a0fa6fb ]---

This forces me to power off the PC again, however the next boot works just fine and I can get into the system.

Unfortunately the moment I turn the PC off and want to boot again, I revert back to the first state, basically forcing me to go through this whole procedure every time I want to boot. How can I fix this permanently? Maybe this could somehow be related to the fact that I have a hybrid hard drive?

I am getting a kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected inside scheduler error message when attempting to install Ubuntu for desktop on a VMware Workstation Pro 11.

[   38.815107] ? flush_old_exec+0x528/0x6e0
[   38.815245] ? load_elf_binary+0x28f/0x10a0
[   38.815428] ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[   38.815578] ? load_script+0x201/0x220
[   38.815709] ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[   38.815896] ? do_execveat_common.isra.34+0x667/0x810
[   38.816059] ? rest_init+0xb0/0xb0
[   38.816183] ? do_execve+0x23/0x30
[   38.816307] ? run_init_process+0x2b/0x30
[   38.816481] ? kernel_init+0x59/0x110
[   38.816611] ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[   38.816742] Code: 51 50 41 50 45 31 c0 41 51 45 31 c9 41 52 45 31 d2 41 53 45
31 db 53 31 db 55 31 ed 41 54 45 31 e4 41 55 45 31 ed 41 56 45 31 f6 <41> 57 45
31 ff 56 48 8d 6c 24 08 48 83 cd 01 f6 84 24 90 00 00
[   38.817400] RIP: error_entry+0x38/0x100 RSP: ffffad13c0338000
[   38.817670] ---[ end trace 677845e5b05c24f3 ]---
[   38.818085] Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected  
inside scheduler
[   38.818085]
[   38.818650] Kernel Offset: 0xd400000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation rang
e: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[   38.819046] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected
inside scheduler
[   38.819046]
_

I'm using Ubuntu 18.04.1 64-bit for desktop. I allocated 2 GB RAM and 25 GB hard disk in memory. My computer is supposed to be powerful enough to run Ubuntu (16GB RAM, 2.6 GHz Intel Core i7).

I am getting a Kernel Panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected inside scheduler error:

[   2.406941] ? flush_old_exec+0x528/0x6e0
[   2.406976] ? load_elf_binary+0x28f/0x10a0
[   2.407043] ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[   2.407077] ? load_script+0x201/0x220
[   2.407121] ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[   2.407170] ? do_execveat_common.isra.34+0x667/0x810
[   2.407220] ? rest_init+0xb0/0xb0
[   2.407277] ? do_execve+0x23/0x30
[   2.407306] ? run_init_process+0x2b/0x30
[   2.407336] ? kernel_init+0x54/0x100
[   2.407365] ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[   2.407393] Code: 51 50 41 50 45 31 c0 41 51 45 31 c9 41 52 45 31 d2 41 53 45
31 db 53 31 db 55 31 ed 41 54 45 31 e4 41 55 45 31 ed 41 56 45 31 f6 <41> 57 45
31 ff 56 48 8d 6c 24 08 48 83 cd 01 f6 84 24 90 00 00
[   2.407524] RIP: error_entry+0x38/0x100 RSP: ffffc099c0338000
[   2.407615] ---[ end trace 7bb795f0a5ac62b0 ]---
[   2.407682] Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected 
inside scheduler
[   2.407682]
[   2.407870] Kernel Offset: 0x32600000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation 
range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[   2.407966] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected
 inside scheduler
[   2.407966]
_

This is on VMware Workstation 12.0 while installing Ubuntu Server 18.04.

Do you have any pointers on what this could be?

I am trying to install Ubuntu 18 on a new laptop (Asus, Windows 10) with VMware.

I get the following error while installing:

[    6.093633]  ? flush_old_exec+0x528/0x6e0
[    6.093661]  ? load_elf_binary+0x28f/0x10a0
[    6.093690]  ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[    6.093721]  ? load_script+0x201/0x220
[    6.093748]  ? search_binary_handler+0x97/0x1d0
[    6.093779]  ? do_execveat_common.isra.34+0x667/0x810
[    6.093824]  ? rest_init+0xb0/0xb0
[    6.093849]  ? do_execve+0x23/0x30
[    6.093874]  ? run_init_process+0x2b/0x30
[    6.093900]  ? kernel_init+0x54/0x100
[    6.093926]  ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[    6.093951] Code: 51 50 41 50 45 31 c0 41 51 45 31 c9 41 52 45 31 d2 41 53 45
31 db 53 31 db 55 31 ed 41 54 45 31 e4 41 55 45 31 ed 41 56 45 31 f6 <41> 57 45
31 ff 56 48 8d 6c 24 08 48 83 cd 01 f6 84 24 90 00 00 00
[    6.094070] RIP: error_entry+0x38/0x100 RSP: ffffc0bd00014000
[    6.094153] ---[ end trace 3162f1143d112e0b ]---
[    6.094211] Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected inside scheduler
[    6.094211]
[    6.094343] Kernel Offset: 0x16000000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation ran
ge: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[    6.094419] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: corrupted stack end detected
inside scheduler
[    6.094419]
_

Is there any way to fix this?

The default voice as well as all alternative voices are very difficult to understand.

I cannot find any documentation about how this feature is wired up.

I recently upgraded my ubuntu and suddenly lost DNS. By the looks of it, its related to https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/eglibc/+bug/1674532. But I cannot run the update to fix the issue because it can't use DNS to conduct the update. Is there any documentation out there on how to get the DNS working again so i can run the update and fix the issue? I have tried changing the DNS server and everything and nothing is working.

cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 8.8.8.8  
nameserver 8.8.4.4

cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[main]  
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono  
dns=dnsmasq

[ifupdown]  
managed=false

dpkg -l dns | grep ii

ii avahi-dns confd      0.6.32~rc+dfsg-1ubuntu2 amd64   Avahi DNS configuration tool  
ii dnsmasq-base         2.75-1ubuntu0.16.04.1   amd64   Small caching DNS proxy and DHCP/TFTP Server  
ii dnsutils             1:9.10.3.dfsg.p4-8ubuntu1.5 amd64   Clients Provided with BIND  
ii libavahi-compact-libdnssd1:amd64    0.6.32~rc+dfsg-1ubuntu2   amd64   Avahi Apple Bonjour compatibility library  
ii libdns-export162     1:9.10.3.dfsg.p4-8ubuntu1.5 amd64   Exported DNS Shared Library  
ii libdns162:amd64      1:9.10.3.dfsg.p4-8ubuntu1.5 amd64   DNS Shared Library used by BIND  
ii libnss-mdns:amd64    0.10-7     amd64     NSS Module for Multicast DNS name resolution  

host -v www.apple.com

Trying "www.apple.com"  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1102  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1; ANSWER: 4; AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0  

;;QUESTION SECTION:  
;www.apple.com.     IN      A  

;;ANSWER SECTION:  
www.apple.com.  1126    IN  CNAME   www.apple.com.edgekey.net.  
www.apple.com.edgekey.net.  21568   IN  CNAME   www.apple.com.edgekey.net.globalredir.akadns.net  
www.apple.com.edgekey.net.globalredir.akadns.net.   3599    IN  CNAME   e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net
e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net. 19  IN  A   172.226.108.101

Received 182 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 152 ms  
Trying "e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net"  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id:428  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY:0, ADDITIONAL: 0  

;;QUESTION SECTION  
;e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net.    IN  AAAA  

;;ANSWER SECTION:  
e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net. 19  IN  AAAA    2001:559:19:988d::1aca  
e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net. 19  IN  AAAA    2001:559:19:988d::1aca  

Received 100 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 70 ms  
Trying "e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net"  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id:34978  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY:1, ADDITIONAL: 0  

;;QUESTION SECTION:  
;e6858.dsce9.akamaiedge.net.    IN  MX  

;;AUTHORITY SECITON:  
dsce9.akamaiedge.net.   179 IN  SOA n0dsce9.akamaiedge.net.   hostmaster.akamai.com.    1490629947 1000 1000 1000 1800  

Received 109 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 32 ms  

dpkg -l | grep libc6

ii libc6:amd64  2.23-0ubuntu7   amd64   GNU C Library: Shared Libraries  
ii libc6-dev:amd64  2.23-0ubuntu7   amd64   GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files

I have recently installed Ubuntu 16.04 and it seems to freeze randomly. I tried to check out the the solutions at Ubuntu 15.10 and 16.04 keep freezing randomly but on installing these kernels, I got a kernel panic at boot, so I furthur looked for solutions at Ubuntu 16.04 constantly freezing leading to kernel panic but couldn't figure out how to resolve the problem. Can anyone tell me which exact kernels to install so that both issues (kernel panic and random freezing) is resolved? The kernel that came preinstalled with 16.04 was 4.4.0-21-generic and these are some extra details:

Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial
Processor:      Intel Pentium CPU N3540 @ 2.16GHz × 4 
Graphics:       Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.8, 128 bits)
Ram:            4Gb
Os type:        64-bit architecture 

Tell me if I need to provide any other details.

saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ sudo dpkg -l | grep  linux-headers-4.7*.deb 
[sudo] password for saisumit: 
saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ sudo dpkg -l |grep  linux-image-4.7*.deb
saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ sudo update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
done
saisumit@saisumit-Inspiron-3551:~$ 

I installed using this method :

wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7-rc3-yakkety/linux-headers-4.7.0-040700rc3_4.7.0-040700rc3.201606121131_all.deb 
wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7-rc3-yakkety/linux-headers-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic_4.7.0-040700rc3.201606121131_i386.deb 
wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7-rc3-yakkety/linux-image-4.7.0-040700rc3-generic_4.7.0-040700rc3.201606121131_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.7*.deb linux-image-4.7*.deb

Installed Grub Customizer:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

I want to add some root CAs that doesn't come with the default firefox on Ubuntu, but I don't know how.

I tried adding them to the local certificates with certutil, but it didn't work. It messed up my certificates database.

$ certutil -A -d .mozilla/firefox/kek3dogy.default/ -i /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/FNMT_ACRAIZ.crt -n "Certificado Raiz FNMT" -t "TCu,Cuw,Tuw"

and then

$ certutil -L -d .mozilla/firefox/kek3dogy.default/

Certificate Nickname                                         Trust Attributes
                                                             SSL,S/MIME,JAR/XPI

Go Daddy Secure Certification Authority                      ,,   
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3                       ,,   
VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL CA                  ,,   
DigiCert High Assurance CA-3                                 ,,   
GlobalSign Domain Validation CA - G2                         ,,   
GeoTrust SSL CA                                              ,,   
StartCom Class 2 Primary Intermediate Server CA              ,,   
Google Internet Authority                                    ,,   
Certificado Raiz FNMT                                        CT,C,c
USERTrust Legacy Secure Server CA                            ,,   
HP Jetdirect 2B0EAD20                                        ,,   
Akamai Subordinate CA 3                                      ,,   
VeriSign, Inc.                                               ,,   
Thawte SGC CA                                                ,,   
VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G2                       ,,

The certificate won't show up on Firefox. I tried this several times, even deleting the profile, and it showed up once on the Firefox interface, but completely empty.

Anyways, that's only for a user, and I want to add them system-wide. Is there a system-wide database I can modify? How?

If there is no system-wide database I can modify, I can rely on a X start script (as /etc/X11/Xsession.d/ ones, or a script called by the xdg autostart system on /etc/xdg/autostart/) to modify the user profile at session start, but I need a solution that works. I can't even load certificates on the user profiles from the command line now!

I was trying to repair my GRUB after installing Windows over Ubuntu . But i couldn't repair it and asked this question. While discussing with psusi , we notice something. My installed system is 64Bit but my some library files' are 32 bit (for example : libdevmapper.so.1.02.1).

(You can check step 13 for my question. And check other steps for see which steps i followed.)

1. My old Ubuntu was installed on /dev/sda3 . I mounted it to /mnt/ubusda3
2. root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# file /mnt/ubusda3/sbin/init /mnt/ubusda3/sbin/init: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.15, stripped
3. root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# file /mnt/ubusda3/lib/libdevmapper.so.1.02.1 /mnt/ubusda3/lib/libdevmapper.so.1.02.1: ELF 32-bit LSB shared object, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, stripped
4. sudo dpkg --root=/mnt/ubusda3 -i /mnt/ubusda3/var/cache/apt/archives/libbz2-1.0_1.0.5-6ubuntu1.11.10.1_amd64.deb
5. chroot /mnt/ubusda3
6. apt-get install --reinstall libdevmapper1.02.1
7. And then again i tried to update-grub i got mapdevfs: error while loading shared libraries: libdebian-installer.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directoryerror.
8. I restarted my system but nothing changed.
9. i found mapdevfs on /bin/mapdevfswith which mapdevfs command.
10. sudo rm /bin/mapdevfs
11. for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt/ubusda3$i"; done
12. grub-install /dev/sda
13. Finally i fix my GRUB problem. Now there is a GRUB menu while booting.

Previous Linux Versions screen (and dusts)

But when I choose Ubuntu 3.0.0.17-generic, it's freezing on the loading screen and I'm getting this Kernel panic error:

(Scroll Lock and Num Lock flashing.)

                               Ubuntu 11.10

[   6.350239] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
[   6.350277] Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 3.0.0-17-generic #30-Ubuntu
[   6.350304] Call Trace:
[   6.350333]  [<ffffffff815dca66>] panic+0x91/0x194
[   6.350364]  [<ffffffff81062915>] forget_original_parent+0x245/0x250
[   6.350396]  [<ffffffff81062937>] exit_notify+0x17/0x150
[   6.350424]  [<ffffffff8106323b>] do_exit+0x1fb/0x440
[   6.350449]  [<ffffffff81063624>] do_group_exit+0x44/0xa0
[   6.350475]  [<ffffffff81063697>] sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20
[   6.350505]  [<ffffffff815fb342>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b

When I choose other kernel versions - which in previous ubuntu versions screen - , I'm getting this error for both of them.

Note 1 (for irrational John)

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mkdir /mnt/ubusda3
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/ubusda3
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt/ubusda3$i"; done
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# chroot /mnt/ubusda3/
root@ubuntu:/# apt-get -V --reinstall install libnih
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package libnih

and then i noticed it's libnih1 not linbih (http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=libnih&searchon=names&suite=oneiric&section=all)

root@ubuntu:/# apt-get -V --reinstall install libnih1
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
   winbind (3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2)
The following packages will be upgraded:
   winbind (3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.1 => 3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2)
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
6 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 54.7 kB/5,693 kB of archives.
After this operation, 32.8 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!
  libnih1
Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y
Get:1 http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric/main libnih1 amd64 1.0.3-4ubuntu2 [54.7 kB]
Fetched 54.7 kB in 0s (57.1 kB/s)  
Can not write log, openpty() failed (/dev/pts not mounted?)
(Reading database ... 196784 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace winbind 2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.1 (using .../winbind_2%3a3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb) ...
/sbin/runlevel: error while loading shared libraries: libnih.so.1: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
 * Stopping the Winbind daemon winbind
   ...done.
Unpacking replacement winbind ...
Preparing to replace libnih1 1.0.3-4ubuntu2 (using .../libnih1_1.0.3-4ubuntu2_amd64.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement libnih1 ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead ...
ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
Can not write log, openpty() failed (/dev/pts not mounted?)
Setting up libwbclient0 (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up samba-common (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up winbind (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
 * Starting the Winbind daemon winbind
/usr/sbin/winbindd: error while loading shared libraries: libcap.so.2: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
   ...fail!
invoke-rc.d: initscript winbind, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing winbind (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up libsmbclient (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up samba-common-bin (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up smbclient (2:3.5.11~dfsg-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up libnih1 (1.0.3-4ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
Errors were encountered while processing:
 winbind
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

This time i'm getting same boot error for libnih-dbus.so.... file.

Also for finding other 32bit files, i executed your commands and i see all files in /mnt/ubusda3/lib/modules/3.0.0-12-generic/ and /mnt/ubusda3/bin are 32 bit.

Is it possible to reinstall whole kernel files ?

Is this a kernel panic?

[   3.220467] last sysfs file: /sys/devices/virtual/vc/vcsa7/uevent
[   3.220551] Modules linked in: hid_microsoft usbhid hid uvesafb intel
[   3.220603]
[   3.220613] Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.35-24-generic #42-Ubun
[   3.220658] EIP: 0060:[<0000c035>] EFLAGS: 00010016 CPU: 1
[   3.220686] EIP is at 0xc035
[   3.220702] EAX: 00000012 EBX: e380f707 ECX: f7079b20 EDX: 00000000
[   3.220732] ESI: 9c38c08f EDI: c08fdf8e EBP: 7f6cf707 ESP: f7079b42
[   3.220763] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068
[   3.220790] Process init (pid: 1, ti=f7078000 task=f7070000 task.ti=f
[   3.220868] Stack:
[   3.220891]  00000000 62000000 705f6461 2b656761 66397830 6678302f 00
[   3.220939] <0> 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
[   3.220990] <0> 9c6c0000 0000f707 00080000 aaaa0000 f72000aa 9be5f812
[   3.221042] Call Trace:
[   3.221062] Code: Bad EIP value.
[   3.221101] EIP: [<0000c035>] 0xc035 SS:ESP 0068:f7079b42
[   3.221137] CR2: 000000000000c035
[   3.221179] ---[ end trace 04db460f23d0bd40 ]---
[   3.221242] note: init[1] exited with preempt_count 1
[   3.221341] kernel BUG at /build/buildd/linux-2.6.35/arch/x86/mm/highm
[   3.221442] invalid opcode: 0000 [#2] SMP
[   3.221466] last sysfs file: /sys/devices/virtual/vc/vcsa7/uevent
[   3.221496] Modules linked in: hid_microsoft usbhid hid uvesafb intel_
[   3.221547]
[   3.221557] Pid: 1, comm: init Tainted: G        D    2.6.35-24-generic
[   3.221607] EIP: 0060:[<c0132dfd>] EFLAGS: 00010286 CPU: 1
[   3.221639] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at 0000c018
[   3.221668] IP: [<0000c018>] 0xc018
[   3.221685] *pde = bd0cb067
[   3.221700] Oops: 0000 [#3] SMP
[   3.221717] last sysfs file: /sys/devices/virtual/vc/vcsa7/uevent
[   3.221744] Modules linked in: hid_microsoft usbhid hid uvesafb intel_
[   3.221788]
[   3.221797] Pid: 1, comm: init Tainted: G        D    2.6.35-24-generic
[   3.221842] EIP: 0060:[<0000c018>] EFLAGS: 00010002 CPU: 1
[   3.221867] EIP is at 0xc018
[   3.221882] EAX: 0000001a EBX: 6239f707 ECX: f70795da EDX: 00000000
[   3.221910] ESI: 96eec071 EDI: 00000000 EBP: 15def707 ESP: f70795fc
[   3.221938]  DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068
[   3.222021] Process init (pid: 1, ti=f7078000 task=f7070000 task.ti=f70
[   3.222106] Stack:
[   3.222171]  0000c05f 6b360000 5f70616d 6d6f7461 705f6369 2b746f72 646
[   3.222214] <0> 97bf0030 962ec05c 0086f707 dd3c0000 963ec07c 963ef707 0
[   3.222312] <0> 96660000 b537f707 ffffc014 dd3c0001 472a347c b8d6ffff 0
[   3.222466] Call Trace:

What's the meaning of all this mess?

I'm an Ubuntu user since Hardy Heron, and even in other distros I've never been through such thing. I can't install Ubuntu 10.10 on my notebook, because I simply can't even start the Live CD. I always get the following message:

Kernel panic - not syncing attempted to kill init!

See the complete message:

                                Ubuntu 10.10

[   40.456564] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
[   40.456582] Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.35-22-generic #33-Ubuntu
[   40.456596] Call Trace:
[   40.456612]  [<ffffffff815863e0>] panic+0x90/0x111
[   40.456628]  [<ffffffff8106376d>] forget_original_parent+0x33d/0x350
[   40.456643]  [<ffffffff81062b94>] ? put_files_struct+0xc4/0xf0
[   40.456658]  [<ffffffff8106379b>] exit_notify+0x1b/0x190
[   40.456671]  [<ffffffff810651d5>] do_exit+0x1c5/0x3f0
[   40.456685]  [<ffffffff81075c71>] ? __dequeue_signal+0xf1/0x200
[   40.456700]  [<ffffffff81065455>] do_group_exit+0x55/0xd0
[   40.456713]  [<ffffffff81076341>] get_signal_to_deliver+0x201/0x440
[   40.456738]  [<ffffffff810744de>] ? send_signal+0x3e/0x90
[   40.456763]  [<ffffffff81009989>] do_signal+0x69/0x1a0
[   40.456786]  [<ffffffff8103dde7>] ? is_prefetch+0xb7/0x250
[   40.456810]  [<ffffffff8103e610>] ? mm_fault_error+0xe0/0x100
[   40.456834]  [<ffffffff81009b25>] do_notify_resume+0x65/0x90
[   40.456858]  [<ffffffff8158981c>] retint_signal+0x48/0x8c