I am quite new at Linux. A while ago I made my laptop dual boot and I was a bit stingy on how much space I allocated to Linux. When I had some hardware issue, my computershop replaced my 500GB SSD with a 1TB SSD, but just cloned the old partitions on it.

These are the partitions:

Device          Start             End      Sectors         Size  Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1        2,048       534,527       532,480    260M  EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2      534,528       567,295        32,768     16M  Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme0n1p3      567,296   759,959,809   759,392,514  362,1G  Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p6  759,961,600   957,476,863   197,515,264   94,2G  Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p4  957,476,864   959,320,063     1,843,200    900M  Windows recovery environmen
/dev/nvme0n1p5  959,320,064 1,000,214,527    40,894,464   19,5G  Microsoft basic data

Sum of sectors   1,000,210,690      
Physical sectors 1,953,525,168      

I rearranged p6 to its actual place in the SSD.

So when I followed the instructions to enlarge partition 6, I was surprised to find that it hadn´t worked even though there were no errors. The reason became obvious once I studied this table: there is no unallocated space behind the Linux filesystem; 2 windows related partitions are in the way.

I'm not sure how to solve this. I would like to increase the Linux partition but I'm not sure if it is possible to do that non-contiguously. Do I need to reorder these partitions? Is that possible?

When I try to use multiple desktops to arrange the opened windows, the window of Firefox is present in all of them, even the last one, which is usually totally empty (and when we drag a new window in it, a new empty desktop is created).

You can find attached screenshots of my three desktops, where Firefox appears (I blurred all info that could be sensitive, I hope I did not miss any !).

Note that the Firefox window is the same everywhere: if I change tab or close it, the same result occurs in the windows of other desktops.

I'm using Ubuntu 24.04.

I am trying to build a server using ubuntu server with very low power consumption. The specs are:

Asrock H610M-HVS/M.2

Intel i3 12100F

some NVME SSD

Ubuntu Server 26.04 LTS

And that's it. I can successfully boot into ubuntu if i connect a GPU and use SSH, but I really don't want to have it installed permanently. I have set up a static IP address. Could it be an ubuntu issue, i.e. its POSTing fine but not booting?

Asrock support says it works with Windows, default BIOS settings, so I tried:

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Didn't work.

I thank everyone in advance, every answer is welcome!

I am trying to run an enrichment analysis in GOfuncR. I have Ubuntu 24.04, and it is being ridiculously complicated.

I installed the newest Rstudio and R in Ubuntu 24.04, and when I try to install GOfuncR it keeps failing:

BiocManager::install("GOfuncR")

```'getOption("repos")' replaces Bioconductor standard repositories, see 'help("repositories", package = "BiocManager")' for
details.
Replacement repositories:
    CRAN: https://cloud.r-project.org
Bioconductor version 3.23 (BiocManager 1.30.27), R 4.6.0 (2026-04-24)
Installing package(s) 'GOfuncR'
trying URL 'https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.23/bioc/src/contrib/GOfuncR_1.31.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 5445764 bytes (5.2 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 5.2 MB

* installing *source* package ‘GOfuncR’ ...
** this is package ‘GOfuncR’ version ‘1.31.0’
** using staged installation
** libs
using C compiler: ‘x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04.1) 13.3.0’
using C++ compiler: ‘x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04.1) 13.3.0’
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c binom_categorytest.cc -o binom_categorytest.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c binom_randset.cc -o binom_randset.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c blocks.cpp -o blocks.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c conti_categorytest.cc -o conti_categorytest.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c conti_randset.cc -o conti_randset.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c gene.cc -o gene.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c gene_binom.cc -o gene_binom.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c gene_conti.cc -o gene_conti.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c genes.cc -o genes.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c genes_binom.cc -o genes_binom.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c genes_conti.cc -o genes_conti.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go.cc -o go.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_graph.cc -o go_graph.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_graph_binom.cc -o go_graph_binom.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_graph_conti.cc -o go_graph_conti.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_graph_hyper.cc -o go_graph_hyper.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_groups.cc -o go_groups.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_groups_binom.cc -o go_groups_binom.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_groups_conti.cc -o go_groups_conti.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_groups_hyper.cc -o go_groups_hyper.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_obj.cc -o go_obj.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_obj_binom.cc -o go_obj_binom.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_obj_conti.cc -o go_obj_conti.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c go_obj_hyper.cc -o go_obj_hyper.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c hyper_categorytest.cc -o hyper_categorytest.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c hyper_randset.cc -o hyper_randset.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c idmap.cc -o idmap.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -std=gnu2x -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3  -c init.c -o init.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c ran_genelen.cpp -o ran_genelen.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c read_bed.cpp -o read_bed.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c roll.cpp -o roll.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c transitions.cc -o transitions.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=gnu++20 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/Rcpp/include'     -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3   -c unlock_environment.cc -o unlock_environment.o
unlock_environment.cc: In function ‘bool unlock_environment(Rcpp::Environment)’:
unlock_environment.cc:10:41: error: ‘ENVFLAGS’ was not declared in this scope
   10 | #define UNLOCK_FRAME(e) SET_ENVFLAGS(e, ENVFLAGS(e) & (~ FRAME_LOCK_MASK))
      |                                         ^~~~~~~~
unlock_environment.cc:14:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘UNLOCK_FRAME’
   14 |   UNLOCK_FRAME(env);
      |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~
unlock_environment.cc:10:25: error: ‘SET_ENVFLAGS’ was not declared in this scope
   10 | #define UNLOCK_FRAME(e) SET_ENVFLAGS(e, ENVFLAGS(e) & (~ FRAME_LOCK_MASK))
      |                         ^~~~~~~~~~~~
unlock_environment.cc:14:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘UNLOCK_FRAME’
   14 |   UNLOCK_FRAME(env);
      |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~
make: *** [/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:197: unlock_environment.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘GOfuncR’
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/GOfuncR’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/Rtmp5zZC7D/downloaded_packages’
Warning message:
In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘GOfuncR’ had non-zero exit status

----------

At first it was missing a lot of libraries which I had to install separately, I "fixed" some errors,

* installing *source* package ‘png’ ...
** this is package ‘png’ version ‘0.1-9’
** package ‘png’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** libs
using C compiler: ‘x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04.1) 13.3.0’
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -std=gnu2x -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG       `libpng-config --cflags` -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3  -c dummy.c -o dummy.o
/bin/bash: line 1: libpng-config: command not found
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -std=gnu2x -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG       `libpng-config --cflags` -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3  -c read.c -o read.o
/bin/bash: line 1: libpng-config: command not found
read.c:3:10: fatal error: png.h: No such file or directory
    3 | #include <png.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make: *** [/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:190: read.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘png’
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/png’
* installing *source* package ‘sm’ ...
** this is package ‘sm’ version ‘2.2-6.0’
** package ‘sm’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** libs
using C compiler: ‘x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04.1) 13.3.0’
sh: 1: x86_64-linux-gnu-gfortran: not found
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -std=gnu2x -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG       -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3  -c fgamma.c -o fgamma.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -std=gnu2x -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG       -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0 -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3  -c init.c -o init.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gfortran  -fpic  -g -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -ffile-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-cbKgDj/r-base-4.6.0=/usr/src/r-base-4.6.0-2.2404.0  -c  variogram.f90 -o variogram.o
/bin/bash: line 1: x86_64-linux-gnu-gfortran: command not found
make: *** [/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:217: variogram.o] Error 127
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘sm’
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/sm’
ERROR: dependency ‘png’ is not available for package ‘KEGGREST’
Perhaps try a variation of:
install.packages('png')
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/KEGGREST’
ERROR: dependency ‘sm’ is not available for package ‘vioplot’
Perhaps try a variation of:
install.packages('sm')
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/vioplot’
ERROR: dependency ‘KEGGREST’ is not available for package ‘AnnotationDbi’
Perhaps try a variation of:
install.packages('KEGGREST')
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/AnnotationDbi’
ERROR: dependencies ‘vioplot’, ‘AnnotationDbi’ are not available for package ‘GOfuncR’
Perhaps try a variation of:
install.packages(c('vioplot', 'AnnotationDbi'))
* removing ‘/home/jpac1984/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.6/GOfuncR’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/Rtmp5zZC7D/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘png’ had non-zero exit status
2: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘sm’ had non-zero exit status
3: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘KEGGREST’ had non-zero exit status
4: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘vioplot’ had non-zero exit status
5: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘AnnotationDbi’ had non-zero exit status
6: In install.packages(...) :
  installation of package ‘GOfuncR’ had non-zero exit status

and now I got the new ones.

Why I can't install GOfuncR in Ubuntu 24.04?

I'm running ubuntu 22.04.05, trying to upgrade to 24, but apt tells me "Please install all available updates for your release before upgrading.". When I try using apt to upgrade, it tells me that guile-2.2-libs has been held back. When I try "apt list --upgradable -a", it responds

guile-2.2-libs/jammy 2.2.7+1-6build2 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.2.7+1-4]

guile-2.2-libs/now 2.2.7+1-4 amd64 [installed,upgradable to: 2.2.7+1-6build2]

but nothing seems willing to to fix what do-release-upgrade wants to be fixed.

Is it safe to just use apt to remove guile-2.2-libs? If not, what do I do?

I was running Ubuntu 18 on an old 2011 Macbook Pro that fried its internal graphics connectors and so has literally no way to show graphics via internal circuitry or the igpu, but has perfectly functioning HDMI-out via the discrete GPU, which worked quite well.

Of course, 18 is rather old at this point and since I needed a newer version of glibc I figured I'd just tell Ubuntu to update itself to 20 using sudo do-release-upgrade - took a while, but that ran without any errors, right up to the point where it had to boot into the desktop, at which point it showed "nothing".

Just a single flat color background and a mouse cursor that clearly lives on a different screen as it can be pulled into the screen from the left. Right clicks don't show a context menu, there is no UI of any sort, just "a color" and a cursor that can't be used for anything.

So I figured that maybe the upgrade was more of a "new install" and had wiped out my screen settings, so I'd have to get the primary mirrored to the secondary again. Easy enough: ctrl-alt-F3 still works, and the TTY shows up on the external HDMI just fine, so I tried to run xrandr to set up the mirror but it reports that there are no displays. While I'm looking at the TTY on a display. Which is listed in ~/.config/monitors.xml

How on earth do I tell Ubuntu to mirror screens with only TTY and an xrandr that claims I don't have any displays connected?

(as for "are you using Wayland?", not according to /etc/gdm3/custom.conf which shows Wayland=False, and not according to XDG_SESSION_TYPE, which reports "user" while in TTY land, and which I can't query in a terminal while on the desktop because that's literally the problem I need to solve =)

I'm seeking support for installing a brother-multifunction device DCP-J1360DW. Since it is displayed after entering a command in the terminal, it is unfortunately not possible to add it so that it is still automatically displayed and recognized after each restart. Does anybody know what to do?

When i enter "sudo apt full-upgrade" i get the error message "Malformed line 1 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tor.list". How do I fix?

My system is a Raspberry Pi 5 16GB running a fresh install of Ubuntu 26.04 with restricted extras installed plus all Gstreamer add-ons including good, bad and ugly.

If I use Showtime (Gstreamer-based) it cannot play videos encoded with h.265; the detailed error message is:

Error from element /GstPlayBin3:playbin3/GstURIDecodeBin3:uridecodebin3/GstDecodebin3:decodebin3-0/v4l2slh265dec:v4l2slh265dec1:   
Could not get/set settings from/on resource.  

Failed to configure the buffer pool

../gst-libs/gst/video/gstvideodecoder.c(4373): gst_video_decoder_decide_allocation_default (): /GstPlayBin3:playbin3/GstURIDecodeBin3:uridecodebin3/GstDecodebin3:decodebin3-0/v4l2slh265dec:v4l2slh265dec1:

Configuration is most likely invalid, please report this issue.

In other Gstreamer tests the error 'unsupported pixel format' is reported which is also h.265-related.

I can use other apps such as VLC to play h.265 videos, so that is not a problem, but because the [low-resource overhead] default file sharing on Ubuntu (simple on/off switch in settings menu) that I use to stream video to my TV (Rygel) is also Gstreamer-based, and because it cannot negotiate h.265 videos, it refuses to serve them. It also worked perfectly in 24.04 before I moved to 26.04.

I confirmed with a non-RPi5 user running Ubuntu 26.04 AMD64 build that Gstreamer works fine with h.265, and on the Raspberry Pi forum, a moderator said that Gstreamer fixes had recently been applied to RPiOS to address h.265 problems, so it could be that Ubuntu engineers have yet to get that across to the ARM-based Ubuntu 26.04 updates?

I'll start by saying that it doesn't always happen.

In practice, sometimes the external monitor's background image doesn't load, so I'm forced to restart PlasmaShell like this:

systemctl --user restart plasma-plasmashell

Then the image loads.

I'd like to fix this problem permanently, and above all, I'm wondering what other problems there might be that I'm not seeing yet...

So, is there anything I can do to fix this permanently?

thanks

system information
Kubuntu 24.04
DE Plasma: 5.27.12
KDE Frameworks: 5.115.0
QT version: 5.15.13
Kernel version: 6.17.0.23generic 64 bit
Graphic platform: X11

I want to make it clear from the start that I really appreciate any help. Okay, basically I have this laptop that freezes randomly. I tried using Kubuntu first and ran the command "ascm psie=off" (I know that's the output, not the command, but you know what I mean) because I thought it was a problem with the graphics chipset, but it didn't work. Today I installed Pop OS with the Gnome desktop environment. It seemed to be going well, but it froze just like it did with Kubuntu. I haven’t tried anything on this OS yet; maybe tomorrow I’ll try tweaking the kernel’s power settings to see if that fixes anything. I appreciate your help. Thank you very much.

Wine 11.8 (both staging and dev) no longer sees my GeForce GT 730 GPU (a Fermi one) properly. Instead it reports 0 MB of memory and therefore all games and even dxdiag fail with "no memory":

Also see this output from the terminal:

0164:fixme:dsound:IKsPrivatePropertySetImpl_Get unsupported property: {1aeaa606-35f0-11d1-b161-00c04fc28aca}
0164:fixme:dsound:IKsPrivatePropertySetImpl_Get unsupported property: {1aeaa606-35f0-11d1-b161-00c04fc28aca}
0164:err:winediag:wined3d_dll_init Setting multithreaded command stream to 0.
0164:err:vulkan:vulkan_init_once Failed to load libvulkan.so.1
0164:err:d3d:wined3d_adapter_gl_init Failed to get a GL context for adapter 00C2BD40.
0164:err:winediag:wined3d_dll_init Setting multithreaded command stream to 0.
0164:err:d3d:wined3d_adapter_gl_init Failed to get a GL context for adapter 00C2BD40.
0164:fixme:ddraw:ddraw7_Initialize Ignoring guid {67685559-3106-11d0-b971-00aa00342f9f}.

I tried various workarounds, but none helped so far. Wine does not want to talk/respond to my GPU anymore. I'm not sure what happened. Instead it tries to use vulkan or other unsupported methods.

I am looking for a Linux equivalent to GCPW (Google Credential Provider for Windows) for an Ubuntu deployment.

Our Current Workflow (on Windows): We use GCPW so employees can log into their laptops using their Google Workspace (Gmail) credentials. When a new employee joins, they select "Add Work Account" at the Windows login screen. After they authenticate with Google, the system automatically links that identity to a persistent local account/home directory on the machine.

What I am looking for in Ubuntu:

1. A way for the user to authenticate via Google (ideally with a web-view for 2FA support) directly from the GDM login screen.

2. Upon the first successful login, the system should automatically create a local user and home directory (e.g., /home/username) if it doesn't already exist.

3. The account should remain on the laptop for offline use, similar to how a local account behaves.

I have a Gigabyte g5 kc laptop with an Intel Core i5 10500H and a laptop Nividia RTX3060 running Ubuntu 24.04.4.

When I take a screenshot there is a high chance that my cursor gets deposited on the screen where it was at the time of taking the screenshot and sometimes when attaching a second monitor. These cursors persist above everything until I restart sometimes they are displayed over the shutdown screen. They are also not just static images as they can react to what the current mouse is doing changing to click sprite or typing sprite. I say chance because it doesn't happen every time with screenshots. It's consistently around 50%. As for connecting a second monitor I only just noticed that happening today, so I do not know the percentage of that.

I don't think it is the graphics driver, as I changed it and the issue persisted. It also persisted whether I was on Wayland or Xorg. I also tried a bunch of screenshot tools the standard Ubuntu screenshot, GNOME Screenshot and Flameshot to name a few and they all do it.

For KDE Plasma SDDM (all names intenionally given here to allow search hits)
The default greeter "maya" uses a tiny CONDENSED "Font" and cannot be set to anything else by normal means, e.g. in /etc/sddm/font.conf .

Now, this looks awful on anything with a slightly modern resolution.
So a change is "urgent"; how to do it?

This appears to be disregarding "highdpi" settings and the scaling referenced in many postings. Here we are at the FONT setting, disregarding SCALING.

Tiny image due to restrictions:

I am unsuccessful in establishing a RDP remote login connection to Ubuntu 26.04LTS.
I followed the instructions here. It is a fresh installation of Ubuntu.

As a client I use Remmina on 24.04. Authentication works, but the screen remains black, with no error. Please see screenshot. The top border of the screen shows some "colors" when looking at it exactly.

In contrast, RDP Remote Desktop sharing works. Connection from other client devices equally do not work.

P.S. I did some further testing today, using a Windows 11 machine to connect. In fact, the Windows RDP client connects and logs in successfully to the Ubuntu 26.04 machine. So it is likely to be Remmina having some issues here?!The Windows RDP client only gives a warning about encryption:

Remmina logs as follows:

System Info: "UID" : "0GNT7W4EQVOE1W-712ba847be", "REMMINAVERSION" : { "version" : "1.4.35", "git_revision" : "n/a", "snap_build" : 0, "flatpak_build" : 0 }, "SYSTEM" : { "kernel_name" : "Linux", "kernel_release" : "6.17.0-22-generic", "kernel_arch" : "x86_64", "lsb_distributor" : "Ubuntu\\n", "lsb_distro_description" : "Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS\\n", "lsb_distro_release" : "24.04\\n", "lsb_distro_codename" : "noble\\n", "etc_release" : { "/etc/debian_version" : "trixie/sid\\n", "/etc/lsb-release" : "DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu\\nDISTRIB_RELEASE=24.04\\nDISTRIB_CODENAME=noble\\nDISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS"\\n", "/etc/os-release" : "PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS"\\nNAME="Ubuntu"\\nVERSION_ID="24.04"\\nVERSION="24.04.3 LTS (  

This window can help you find connection problems.
You can stop and start the logging at any moment using the On/Off switch.
The stats button (Ctrl+T), can be useful to gather system info you may share when reporting a bug.
There is more info about debugging Remmina on https://gitlab.com/Remmina/Remmina/-/wikis/Usage/Remmina-debugging
(DEBUG) - (rcw_map_event) - Mapping: RemminaConnectionWindow
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_map_event) - Calling plugin mapping function
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_open_connection_real) - Opening connection
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_init) - Disable smooth scrolling is set to 0
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_init) - Adding GDK_SMOOTH_SCROLL_MASK
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_open_connection_real) - Have SSH
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - RDP data path is /home/al/.local/share/remmina/RDP
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - Not using system proxy settings
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_tunnel_init) - Tunnel init
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_start_direct_tunnel) - SSH tunnel initialzation…
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_focus_in) - Top level name is: RemminaConnectionWindow
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_start_direct_tunnel) - Calling remmina_public_get_server_port
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_start_direct_tunnel) - Calling remmina_public_get_server_port (tunnel)
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_start_direct_tunnel) - server: 192.168.178.88, port: 3389
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_tunnel_init) - protocol_plugin_start_direct_tunnel() returned [192.168.178.88]:3389
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_tunnel_init) - Tunnel has been optionally initialzed. Now connecting to 192.168.178.88:3389
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - gfx_h264_available: 0
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - Resolution set by the user: 1552x788
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - Resolution set after workarounds: 1552x788
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - proxy_type: (null)
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - proxy_username: (null)
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - proxy_password: (null)
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - proxy_hostname: (null)
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - proxy_port: 80
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - Network settings not set
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - rdp_keyboard_remapping_list: (null)
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_main) - Log level set to to INFO
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_post_connect) - bpp: 32
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_post_connect) - CAIRO_FORMAT_RGB24
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_OnChannelConnectedEventHandler) - Channel rdpdr has been opened
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_connected) - [2026-05-09T13:43:58.423315+02] - alAcer - al - Connected to 192.168.178.88 via RDP
(DEBUG) - (rco_on_connect) - Connect signal emitted
(DEBUG) - (rco_on_connect) - We save the last successful connection date
(DEBUG) - (remmina_file_state_last_success) - State file /home/al/.cache/remmina/group_rdp_virtal-fernanmeldung-192-168-178-88-3389_192-168-178-88-3389.remmina.state.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_OnChannelConnectedEventHandler) - Channel rdpsnd has been opened
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_OnChannelConnectedEventHandler) - Channel cliprdr has been opened
(DEBUG) - (remmina_file_state_last_success) - Last connection made on 20260509.
(DEBUG) - (rco_on_connect) - Saving credentials
(DEBUG) - (rco_on_connect) - Trying to present the window
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_OnChannelConnectedEventHandler) - Channel drdynvc has been opened
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_focus_in) - Top level name is: RemminaConnectionWindow
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10: owner-change event received
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is different than me: new=(nil) me=0x64eaee922e10
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is not me: Sending local clipboard format list to server.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 sending to server the following local clipboard content formats
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) -      local clipboard format text/plain;charset=utf-8 will be sent to remote as 13
(DEBUG) - (rcw_map_event) - Mapping: RemminaConnectionWindow
(DEBUG) - (remmina_protocol_widget_map_event) - Calling plugin mapping function
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_map) - Map event received, disabling TS_SUPPRESS_OUTPUT_PDU 
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10: owner-change event received
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is different than me: new=(nil) me=0x64eaee922e10
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is not me: Sending local clipboard format list to server.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 sending to server the following local clipboard content formats
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) -      local clipboard format text/plain;charset=utf-8 will be sent to remote as 13
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10: owner-change event received
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is different than me: new=(nil) me=0x64eaee922e10
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is not me: Sending local clipboard format list to server.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_focus_in) - Top level name is: RemminaConnectionWindow
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 sending to server the following local clipboard content formats
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) -      local clipboard format text/plain;charset=utf-8 will be sent to remote as 13
(DEBUG) - (rcw_toolbar_screenshot) - deny_screenshot_clipboard is set to true
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_get_screenshot) - allocating 4891904 bytes for a full screenshot
(DEBUG) - (rcw_toolbar_screenshot) - Screenshot from plugin: w=1552 h=788 bpp=32 bytespp=4

(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_focus_in) - Top level name is: RemminaConnectionWindow
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10: owner-change event received
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is different than me: new=(nil) me=0x64eaee922e10
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is not me: Sending local clipboard format list to server.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 sending to server the following local clipboard content formats
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) -      local clipboard format text/plain;charset=utf-8 will be sent to remote as 13
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10: owner-change event received
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is different than me: new=(nil) me=0x64eaee922e10
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is not me: Sending local clipboard format list to server.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 sending to server the following local clipboard content formats
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) -      local clipboard format text/plain;charset=utf-8 will be sent to remote as 13
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10: owner-change event received
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is different than me: new=(nil) me=0x64eaee922e10
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_event_on_clipboard) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 owner-change: new owner is not me: Sending local clipboard format list to server.
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) - gp=0x64eaee922e10 sending to server the following local clipboard content formats
(DEBUG) - (remmina_rdp_cliprdr_get_client_format_list) -      local clipboard format text/plain;charset=utf-8 will be sent to remote as 13

System setup

• OS: Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS
• Desktop Environment: GNOME Shell 46.0

Custom shortcuts

I swapped the default behavior:

• Alt + Tab → Switch Windows
• Super + Tab → Switch Applications

Current setting

In:

Settings → Multitasking

I enabled:

“Include apps from the current workspace only”

under the Application Switching section.

Expected behavior

When using Alt + Tab (Switch Windows), I expect to see only windows belonging to the current workspace.

Actual behavior

Windows from other workspaces still appear in the switcher.

This happens both:

• with multiple windows of the same application
• and with windows from different applications

Example 1

• Workspace 1 → Brave window (website ABC)
• Workspace 2 → Brave window (website XYZ)

While on Workspace 1, pressing Alt + Tab still shows the Brave window from Workspace 2.

Example 2

• Workspace 1 → Brave
• Workspace 2 → Firefox

While on Workspace 1, pressing Alt + Tab still shows the Firefox window from Workspace 2.

Question

How can I make Alt + Tab strictly respect the current workspace and show only windows from the active workspace?

I just did a do-release-update on a server 22.04 (to 24.04) and while it was going I could tell something was wrong: lots of weird messages. No outright error though. At the end it finished without error. I did a reboot... and the machine never started.

I managed to boot in single mode and look around the system. I think some library versions are wrong, some services won't start (including network) and the system is not at the right version:

# NetworkManager --no-daemon
NetworkManager: symbol lookup error: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnetplan.so.1: undefined symbol: g_string_free_and_steal

# cat /etc/os-release
VERSION_ID="22.04"
[...]

What can I do to try and fix this mess ? Some kind of fix-broken command (but without network...) ? Boot from a live-usb 22.04 (or 24.04 ?) and... do something ?

I’m encountering an issue where openssh-server fails during configuration, and SSH is currently not working on my system.

This error appears during package operations, even when I’m not explicitly trying to install openssh-server.

What happens

During apt/dpkg operations, I see:

Setting up openssh-server (1:9.6p1-3ubuntu13.16) ...
dpkg: error processing package openssh-server (--configure):
 installed openssh-server package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
 openssh-server

What I’ve tried

1. Re-running configuration:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Same error persists.

2. Running the post-install script manually with debugging:

sudo bash -x /var/lib/dpkg/info/openssh-server.postinst configure

This didn’t produce any obvious error output, and the last line is `exec /usr/share/debconf/frontend /var/lib/dpkg/info/openssh-server.postinst configure which tells me that something to do with package configuration is failing.

3. Regenerating SSH host keys:

sudo rm -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*
sudo ssh-keygen -A

Keys were generated successfully, but the issue remains.

4. Restore ssh config:

sudo cp /usr/share/openssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Observations

• SSH into this machine is not functioning.

• The openssh-server package is broken.

• The post-installation script consistently exits with status 10.

Research

I found that post-installation script failures can be caused by misconfiguration or missing files, but most solutions suggest reinstalling or purging the package. I haven’t found a clear explanation for exit status 10 specifically or how to resolve it without risking further issues.

Previously, I have used this sequence of commands to fix similar errors:

rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/info/<packagename>* (in this case openssh*)

dpkg --configure -a

Fix package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 10 for libpaper1:amd64

Error reinstalling isc-dhcp-server "post installation script returned error exit status 255"

Like in the above posts, which has fixed the error temporarily, but probably messed up the dpkg package lists or something.

The issue keeps coming back, it's a different package or packages every time so it seems like an issue with dpkg or a corrupt filesystem.

Any ideas what is causing this issue, and how I can resolve it without reinstalling the system?

Update: I got ssh server working again, but still seeing the error on install/configure. getting closer. these are the commands that fixed it and my logic behind them

sudo cp /usr/share/openssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config

-- there was no sshd config until i copied it from here

--- then uncommented the host keys in that file, and generated them. made sshd user

grep -n "HostKey" /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2140 ls -l /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d

2141 sshd -T | grep hostkey

2142 sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2143 sshd -t

2145 ls -l /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*

2146 namei -l /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

2147 sudo ssh-keygen -lf /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

2148 sshd -T | head -50

2149 lsattr /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

2150 mount | grep " / "

2151 sudo rm -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*

2152 sudo ssh-keygen -A

2153 sudo ls -l /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*

2154 sudo /usr/sbin/sshd -t -f /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2155 getent passwd sshd

2156 id sshd

--- no sshd user??

2157 sudo adduser --system --no-create-home --group sshd

2158 getent passwd sshd

2159 sudo sshd -t -f /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2161 sudo mkdir -p /run/sshd

2162 sudo chmod 755 /run/sshd

2163 sudo sshd -t -f /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2164 sudo systemctl restart ssh

2165 systemctl status ssh --no-pager

2166 sudo dpkg --configure -a

2167 sudo apt -f install

--- still seeing the error here but the server is up and i can connect from another machine

Description

Everytime I'm switching from Gnome Desktop to i3wm in my laptop, I get the following error when trying to run Firefox:

$ firefox
Error: cannot open display: :0

I get the same result when I run Firefox with snap:

$ sudo snap run firefox
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/run/user/0’: Permission denied
Authorization required, but no authorization protocol specified

Error: cannot open display: :0

So basically:

• Login on Gnome Desktop environment
• Open Firefox here
• Do some stuff, close Firefox and log out
• Login using the same credentials but on i3wm
• Error when trying to open Firefox: Error: cannot open display: :0

Observation

• This also happens the other way (i3wm -> Gnome)
• I doesn't affect other app, only Firefox (I tested with Nautilus and Shotwell)
• I already tried to re login; doesn't solve it
• Content of /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc:

. /etc/X11/Xsession`

• Output of env | grep XAUTH:

XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority

• Output of loginctl:

loginctl
SESSION  UID USER     SEAT  TTY
      5 1000 myusername seat0 tty2

1 sessions listed.

Troubleshooting

Following this answer, I check if X server is running using DISPLAY:

$ echo $DISPLAY
:0

When trying to troubleshoot it, the Xorg display server is also running properly:

$ ps aux | grep "[X]org"
username   85508  2.3  1.0 1487000 77472 tty2    Sl+  17:40   1:06 /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -nolisten tcp -background none -noreset -keeptty -novtswitch -verbose 3

When reading this forum thread, a user asks if I'm

trying to run firefox an a different user

I don't since I already closed the Firefox instance on the Gnome session.

I'm a noob considering window manager but from my understanding after reading this answer from How does Linux's display work? (and especially this picture), the Gnome Desktop Environment and i3wm are both client to the same running display server so there should be no conflict. There's clearly something that I don't get here.

What's the meaning of the error cannot open display: :0 and how can I solve it ?

Environment

• Firefox version: Mozilla Firefox 150.0.1
• OS: Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
• i3: i3 version 4.23-non-git

UPDATE

It turns out I was using Wayland on Gnome and X11 on i3wm.

On Gnome:

$ ps aux | grep -E "X|Xvfb|Xwayland|Xorg|xorg" | grep -v grep
username    6048  0.0  0.0   2892  1760 ?        Ss   08:42   0:00 sh -c /usr/bin/ibus-daemon --panel disable $([ "$XDG_SESSION_TYPE" = "x11" ] && echo "--xim")
username    6074  0.0  0.8 790280 68456 ?        Sl   08:42   0:00 /usr/bin/Xwayland :0 -rootless -noreset -accessx -core -auth /run/user/1000/.mutter-Xwaylandauth.0JVCP3 -listen 4 -listen 5 -displayfd 6 -initfd 7

$ ps -ef | grep -i xorg

On i3:

$ ps aux | grep -E "X|Xvfb|Xwayland|Xorg|xorg" | grep -v grep

$ ps aux | grep "[X]org"
username   85508  2.3  1.0 1487000 77472 tty2    Sl+  17:40   1:06 /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -nolisten tcp -background none -noreset -keeptty -novtswitch -verbose 3

I now noticed that there's the option of login with Gnome on X11 on the login screen. I tested it and this issue doesn't happend on Gnome on X11.

So I guess the error is that there's conflict between X11 and Wayland. One doesn't release a resource that the other should use.

I tried to delete the socket file under /tmp/.X11-unix/ but doesn't change anything.

My goal is to create a bootable USB drive with Ubuntu 24.04 that includes an autoinstall configuration. I’m relatively new to Linux and Ubuntu, so I may be missing something basic.

I’m able to successfully create a standard bootable USB using the official ubuntu-24.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso. However, when I try to customize the ISO, I run into problems.

Here’s what I’m doing:

1. I extract the contents of the original ISO:

   sudo rsync -av ~/iso_mod/mount/ ~/iso_mod/extracted/
   

2. I then rebuild the ISO using:

   sudo xorriso -as mkisofs -r \
     -V "Ubuntu 24.04 Custom" \
     -o custom-ubuntu-24.04.iso \
     -J -l \
     -b boot/grub/i386-pc/eltorito.img \
     -c boot.catalog \
     -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \
     --grub2-boot-info \
     -eltorito-alt-boot \
     -e efi.img \
     -no-emul-boot -isohybrid-gpt-basdat \
     ./extracted
   

3. Finally, I write the ISO to a USB drive:

   sudo dd if=/home/gene/iso_mod/custom-ubuntu-24.04.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=4M conv=fsync status=progress
   

The issue is that the resulting USB drive is not recognized as bootable on the target desktop system.

What am I missing in this process? Is there a reliable guide or resource that explains how to correctly modify and rebuild a bootable Ubuntu ISO with autoinstall support?

I realize that these steps just recreate the ISO but it doesn't work and if I can't get that working I will not be able to get autoinstall working.

Thank you for your help.

I'm trying to install Ubuntu 24.04 LTS alongside Windows 11 (dual boot) on a brand new HP EliteBook x360 1030 G8, and the installation consistently fails at the partitioning step.

Hardware:

- HP EliteBook x360 1030 G8

- Samsung MZVLW256HEHP-000L7 NVMe SSD (256GB)

- Windows 11 pre-installed

Disk layout (from sudo parted /dev/nvme0n1 print):

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name
1       1049kB  211MB   210MB   fat32        EFI system partition  (boot, esp)
2       211MB   228MB   16.8MB               Microsoft reserved partition (msftres)
3       228MB   42.0GB  41.8GB  ntfs         Basic data partition (msftdata, no_automount)
4       255GB   256GB   826MB   ntfs         (hidden, diag, no_automount)

[213GB free space between partition 3 and 4]

What I did:

• I first tried the automatic "Install Ubuntu alongside Windows" option, which failed

• Then I tryed to select "Something else" for manual partitioning, created a new ext4 partition (nvme0n1p5, ~212GB) in the free space, mounted it on `/`, set the bootloader to `/dev/nvme0n1`, then clicked "Install Now".

Error:

In both cases :

OSError: could not get path to dev from kname: nvme0n1p5 could not get path to dev from kname: nvme0n1p5

What I already tried:

- Ubuntu 26.04 and 24.04 — same error on both

- Recreating the USB drive with Balena Etcher

- Disabling wifi during installation

- Minimal installation without updates or third-party drivers

- Checked Secure Boot — already disabled

- Checked Intel VMD in BIOS — "Configure Storage Controller for VMD" is unchecked

- BIOS is up to date according to HP diagnostic tool

Has anyone any idea ?

Thank you

I just upgraded my Raspberry Pi 4 to the 25.10 release, and it won't boot kernel 6.17, only the 6.14 kernel from 25.04. When I log in, I get:

piboot-try:
New boot assets in /boot/firmware/new failed. Fallen back to known good
state. Use piboot-try --reset-new to re-test boot assets. If you are able
to determine the boot failure is due to a bug, please file an issue:
ubuntu-bug flash-kernel

uname -r says it's running kernel 6.14.0-1019-raspi.

I've followed the advice in the message, but it still uses 6.14. I've looked through various logs, but I don't see anything that says what the error might be.

How can I find out what's going wrong with 6.17, and ideally how can I get the new kernel booting?

I'm a Windows 11 user and I want to dual boot Ubuntu. I'm not sure if I can boot from an Ubuntu installer USB/run the ISO with Secure Boot enabled. I have not run the ISO or booted it up yet.

I have an AWS EC2 instance running. I was able to connect using my chomed (-r--------) keys using MobaXTerm and SSH (Ubuntu for Windows) (.pem key) and putty (.ppk key). I'm also working on the server using a IDL (Rstudio server), so the instance is running. At some point I couldn't connect again using Moba+Ssh+Putty, without making any change in keys or internal config commands on the instance.

These are the connection errors I got from those software (again, changing anyhong):

• MobaXterm: Server refused our key --- No supported authentication methods available (server sent: publickey)
• Putty: Server refused our key --- No supported authentication methods available (server sent: publickey)
• ssh: Permission denied (publickey).

I saw some posts but they require to be connected to the server in order to modify files/permissions from inside. I can access some system files with the IDL (Rstudio) but as a particular user, not root.

Any ideas?

EDIT: Following @Jos suggestion, I used the -vv parameter. Here the answer

`

~$: ssh -vv -i "key.pem" ubuntu@ec2-ip.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com
OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.4, OpenSSL 1.1.1f  31 Mar 2020
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *
debug2: resolving "ec2-ip.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com" port 22
debug2: ssh_connect_direct
debug1: Connecting to ec2-ip.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com [ip] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file key.pem type -1
debug1: identity file key.pem-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.4
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.3
debug1: match: OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.3 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to ec2-ip.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com:22 as 'ubuntu'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,sk-ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,sntrup761x25519-sha512@openssh.com,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:5dFj4Av5Ln0oYtTRBYdcFKPe3hlTb5Fr9Q4Iok056UM
debug1: Host 'ec2-ip.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:7
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: key.pem  explicit
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com,webauthn-sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com>
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: publickey-hostbound@openssh.com (unrecognised)
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: key.pem
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
ubuntu@ec2-ip.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com: Permission denied (publickey).`

So I downloaded ubunto to start working with command line. It seems ubuntu created a directory that it named my username in my desktop (as discovered via pwd). I since created a file called colors.txt file using nano just for some practice. Using the ls command confirmed I created colors.txt.

However, I cannot find a folder that is called my username, or the file called colors.text anywhere on my computer. Is this normal? Where could this directory and colors.txt be?

A certain cellphone maker has changed the default format of taking pictures to HEIF (.HEIC, High Efficiency Image File Format), without asking the users (although there is still the option to use jpeg/jpg).

Is there an app/program on Ubuntu that can open and/or convert HEIF-pictures and even let them be edited?

root@vpsirham:~# apt-get --reinstall install nginx-common
        Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state
        information... Done Suggested packages:   fcgiwrap nginx-doc The
        following NEW packages will be installed:   nginx-common 0 upgraded,
        1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0
        B/18.3 kB of archives. After this operation, 220 kB of additional
        disk space will be used. (Reading database ... 45660 files and
        directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack
        .../nginx-common_1.4.6-1ubuntu3.4_all.deb ... Unpacking nginx-common
        (1.4.6-1ubuntu3.4) ... dpkg: error processing archive
        /var/cache/apt/archives/nginx-common_1.4.6-1ubuntu3.4_all.deb
        (--unpack):  trying to overwrite '/etc/logrotate.d/nginx', which is
        also in package nginx 1.8.1-1~trusty Errors were encountered while
        processing: 
        /var/cache/apt/archives/nginx-common_1.4.6-1ubuntu3.4_all.deb E:
        Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)</blink>

I recently converted my laptop to Ubuntu 14.04 (two days ago at the time of this posting) and just encountered this problem (an hour or so ago at the time of this posting). The problem is that my Logitech headset is no longer working, but in the weirdest way possible. The sound control tab in the system settings shows the headset as the selected audio device but all the sound is played through the onboard speakers of my acer aspire 4743. all of the other functions of the headset remain the same (microphone and volume controls.). I have already messed around with alsamixer and tried the suggestions of other users but nothing has worked so far, any ideas? I am totally new to Linux and have no idea what might be causing this. Thanks, Eric

nginx on Ubuntu is a virtual package provided by one of five packages from the official repositories (at least as of 14.04, defaulting to nginx-core, I believe):

$ apt-cache depends nginx | tail -n+2 | cut -d: -f 2 | sort -u
 nginx-core
 nginx-extras
 nginx-full
 nginx-light
 nginx-naxsi

What is the difference between these packages and what are the recommended use cases for them?

This somewhat old Debian Wiki page has a feature comparison between extras, full, light and naxsi, but no mention is made of core. How much of it has changed in 14.04?

^secondary As I understand it, nginx doesn't support runtime enabling of modules like Apache does, so would installing nginx-extras impact performance?