I am setting up a new system with Ubuntu 24.04 and I want to stay on Wayland for my daily driver, but I need to ensure a 1:1 input feel for competitive games and casual games alike.

Hardware:

• CPU: Intel Core i5-13400F (Hybrid Arch)
• GPU: NVIDIA RTX 5060 (Proprietary Drivers)
• Display: Wayland (GNOME 46+)

Questions:

1. Low latency: How can I properly enable Tearing Control / Async Pageflip to bypass compositor latency in full screen Steam games?

2. Explicit Sync: Is there any additional configuration needed to ensure Explicit Sync is working correctly with Nvidia 555+ drivers to avoid XWayland flickering/artifacts?

3. Hybrid CPU: Does the Ubuntu 24.04 kernel automatically prioritize P-cores for gaming processes, or are there recommended tweaks for the i5-13400F?

4. XWayland Scaling: What is the best practice to avoid blurriness in games when using systemwide fractional scaling (125%)?

5. Gamemode & Hybrid Architecture: Are there any specific tweaks for gamemode.ini that you recommend for this hybrid CPU/NVIDIA setup to ensure maximum stability?

Note: Since I am using a recent RTX 50 series card, is there any specific Kernel version or HWE stack you recommend for this build, or I should stick with the default 24.04 one?

My goal is to match Windows' responsiveness and raw feel for my entire library without switching back to X11. Any recommended settings or PPAs are welcome.

I have a number of hosts running Ubuntu in a lab managed by ansible. Ansible is used to upgrade and install specific deb and apt packages.

I've just upgraded one to 26.04 LTS. The upgrade caused a problem with ansible, triggered by the transition to sudo-rs.

How can I specify for a specific machine a different sudo executable; in this case, /usr/bin/sudo.ws?

I am using Ubuntu 24.04 LTS on a ThinkPad E15 Gen 5 with an Intel i3 13th Gen processor.

I always keep the system in “Power Saver” mode. However, sometimes after booting the laptop, I notice that the power profile has automatically changed to “Balanced” mode without me changing anything manually.

Is this expected behavior in Ubuntu 24.04, or could this be a bug?

Has anyone else experienced this issue, and is there a way to force the system to always stay in Power Saver mode across reboots?

I applied updates yesterday to prepare for my upgrade to Ubuntu 26.04 today. However, when I came back this morning, before the upgrade, I found my fans running at max speed as soon as Ubuntu booted. My CPU and GPU are both idling and at ~50°C and ~35°C, respectively. So there's no need for my fans to be working overtime. Looking in KDE's System Monitor, I see it's correctly reporting my fans to be spinning at 4000-5000 RPM.

I've had this issue before on CachyOS, so it seems this might be a Kernel issue. My updates yesterday evening included a Kernel patch, which would explain why I wasn't running into this issue earlier. I proceeded with my upgrade to Ubuntu 26.04, hoping the issue would resolve itself, but the fans are still spinning at max speed.

I have a dual-boot setup with Windows 11. Booting into Win11, my fans idle at expected levels, rather than screaming at 100%. Putting a load on the system correctly turns the fans up. This rules out the UEFI as a problem.

I've been using Linux for years, but I'm still a complete noob when it comes to Kernel-level issues. How do I go about debugging this?

$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=26.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=resolute
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 26.04 LTS"

$ uname -a
Linux hostname 7.0.0-15-generic #15-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Apr 22 16:06:43 UTC 2026 x86_64 GNU/Linux

I have installed Ubuntu on an external SSD. I did a full instalment on it and it works fine on the computer where I installed Ubuntu on. But I would like to be able to use that same SSD and plug it in an other computer, and use Ubuntu on that computer as well.

When I put the SSD in my second computer, and choose the SSD as boot drive, the computer starts, I see the logo of the computer but then it goes black and then Windows starts (because the internal drive with windows was still first in the boot order).

I have already turned off secure boot and fast boot on the second computer. I have also tried putting the SSD first in the boot order but that also does not work.

The two computer I am using are:
First computer: Lenovo Thinkpad
Second computer: PH Probook

On Ubuntu Studio 25.10 and 26.04 my Audient iD4 MkII sound interface stops working when resuming from standby. This is what I see in dmesg:

uac_clock_source_is_valid(): cannot get clock validity for id 41
usb 2-1: clock source 41 is not valid, cannot use
usb 2-1: 2:1: cannot get freq (v2/v3): err -71
usb 2-1: 2:1: cannot set freq 48000 (v2/v3): err -71

On Windows 11 it works ok even after resuming. Tried different USB ports but no success. Any ideas? Disconnecting and connecting the interface solves the problem though.

I am trying to install a program that requires java/jvm in Ubuntu 26.04:

$ sudo ./cplex_studio2212.linux_x86_64.bin

This works under Ubuntu 24.04 but fails in 26.04 with the following error. Hence the question on how to fix it.

Preparing to install

Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...

Unpacking the JRE...

Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...

Configuring the installer for this system's environment...

Launching installer...

libjvm.so preloadLibrary(/tmp/install.dir.13340/Linux/resource/jre/lib/default/libj9vm29.so): /tmp/install.dir.13340/Linux/resource/jre/lib/default/libj9vm29.so: cannot enable executable stack as shared object requires: Invalid argument

libjvm.so failed to load: j9vm29

I tried this after install openjdk (same version as in Ubuntu 24.04):

$ sudo apt -y install openjdk-21-jdk
[sudo: authenticate] Password:         
Installing:                     
  openjdk-21-jdk
                                                                        
Installing dependencies:
  ca-certificates-java     libsm-dev     openjdk-21-jdk-headless
  fonts-dejavu-extra       libx11-dev    openjdk-21-jre                 
  java-common              libxau-dev    openjdk-21-jre-headless        
  libatk-wrapper-java      libxcb1-dev   x11proto-dev                   
  libatk-wrapper-java-jni  libxdmcp-dev  xorg-sgml-doctools             
  libice-dev               libxt-dev     xtrans-dev   
...
Setting up openjdk-21-jre:amd64 (21.0.11~8ea-1)…
Setting up openjdk-21-jdk-headless:amd64 (21.0.11~8ea-1)…
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-21-openjdk-amd64/bin/jar to provide /usr/bin/jar (jar) in auto mode

But still, the error remains:

$ sudo ./cplex_studio2212.linux_x86_64.bin

Preparing to install

WARNING: /tmp does not have enough disk space! Attempting to use /root for install base and tmp dir.

Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...

Unpacking the JRE...

Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...

Configuring the installer for this system's environment...

Launching installer...

libjvm.so preloadLibrary(/root/install.dir.14615/Linux/resource/jre/lib/default/libj9vm29.so): /root/install.dir.14615/Linux/resource/jre/lib/default/libj9vm29.so: cannot enable executable stack as shared object requires: Invalid argument

libjvm.so failed to load: j9vm29

I tried the same command after rebooting and the error remains.

My question is:

How can I fix the error about j9vm29?

Environment

• OS: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS (fresh install, last LTS)
• Hardware: AMD-powered laptop [Lenovo IdeaPad-Slim-5-15ARP1]
• Session: Wayland
• Firefox: installed from Mozilla APT repository (removed snap first)
• Thunderbird: installed from Mozilla APT repository (works, but shows warning)

What I did

1. Installed Ubuntu 24.04 LTS on a new laptop
2. Removed the preinstalled Firefox and Thunderbird snaps
3. Followed the official Mozilla instructions to add the Mozilla APT repository and install the .deb builds
4. Thunderbird launches normally
5. Firefox fails to start

Expected behavior

Both Firefox and Thunderbird should start normally from the APT packages, as on previous Ubuntu releases.

Actual behavior

• Firefox: crashes instantly and sometimes shows the Mozilla Crash Reporter instead of a browser window
• Thunderbird: starts, but prints a sandbox warning in terminal

Terminal output

Firefox:

[16570] Sandbox: CanCreateUserNamespace() unshare(CLONE_NEWPID): EPERM
[16567] Wayland Proxy [0x7bc5c6587010] Error: StartProxyServer(): bind() error : Permission non accordée
[Parent 16567, Main Thread] WARNING: Error: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied: An AppArmor policy prevents this sender from sending this message to this recipient; type="method_call", sender=":1.170" (uid=1000 pid=16567 comm="/usr/lib/firefox/firefox" label="firefox (enforce)") interface="org.gtk.vfs.Metadata" member="GetTreeFromDevice" error name="(unset)" requested_reply="0" destination=":1.75" (uid=1000 pid=3497 comm="/usr/libexec/gvfsd-metadata" label="unconfined")
: 'glib warning', file toolkit/xre/nsSigHandlers.cpp:201

Followed by multiple additional warning paragraphs.

Thunderbird:

Sandbox: CanCreateUserNamespace() unshare(CLONE_NEWPID): EPERM

What I've already checked

• Both applications were installed using the exact steps from the official Mozilla website for Ubuntu
• Thunderbird works despite the sandbox warning, Firefox does not
• Errors mention AppArmor (label="firefox (enforce)"), Wayland proxy bind permission, and unshare(CLONE_NEWPID): EPERM

Question

How do I fix the Firefox startup crash on Ubuntu 24.04 after replacing the snap with the Mozilla APT build? Is this caused by the new AppArmor user namespace restrictions, the Wayland sandbox, or a missing permission, and what is the correct way to allow Firefox to create its sandbox without reverting to the snap?

I am unable to run Ubuntu properly with my NVIDIA RTX 5050 GPU. Both Ubuntu 24.04 and Ubuntu 26.04 result in a black screen when the NVIDIA driver is enabled. The system only works using nomodeset, but then GPU acceleration is unavailable and resolution is limited (around 720p).

I can only install and boot the system using GRUB modification (nomodeset), but enabling NVIDIA drivers causes a black screen after boot.

I have tested multiple NVIDIA driver versions (570, 580, 595), but all result in the same issue.

System information

• GPU: NVIDIA RTX 5050

• CPU: AMD Ryzen 5 5500

• RAM: 8GB DDR4 3200MHz

• Storage: 256GB NVMe SSD

• Motherboard: Gigabyte B550M-K

Steps already tried

1. Boot with nomodeset (only working method)

At GRUB:

• Press e

• Add:

nomodeset

Then boot with Ctrl + X

2. Install NVIDIA drivers

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-580

Also tested:

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-570
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-595

3. Remove broken NVIDIA installation (via chroot / recovery)

sudo apt purge '^nvidia'
sudo apt autoremove --purge
sudo rm -f /etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo rm -f /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia*
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo update-grub

4. Update kernel / system packages

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-24.04

Current result

• System boots only with nomodeset

• Without nomodeset, black screen occurs immediately after GRUB

• NVIDIA drivers install successfully but break display on reboot

• No GPU acceleration is working

Request

Looking for a stable solution to run RTX 5050 properly on Ubuntu (kernel/driver configuration fix or compatibility workaround).

System Information:

• Laptop: Lenovo LOQ 15AHP10

• CPU: AMD Ryzen 7

• GPU: NVIDIA RTX 5050 8GB

• RAM/Storage: 16GB / 1TB

• OS: Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS

• Kernel: 6.17.0-1023-oem

• BlueZ: 5.79 (built from source)

• Bluetooth Chip: MediaTek MT7921e (PCIe, manufacturer ID 70)

• BT Firmware: Build Time 20250210151502

• HCI Version: Bluetooth 5.2

Problem Description:

Bluetooth adapter is detected and powered on correctly, but no devices are ever discovered — not in GNOME Settings, not in bluetoothctl, not via btmgmt. The adapter shows as UP RUNNING via hciconfig. rfkill shows no blocks. The issue affects all Bluetooth devices including Samsung Galaxy Buds 3 Pro.

I did apt-get install jmeter but can't get it to run.

First, it seems to use JAVA_HOME, which is a Really Bad Idea since it can be anything in the range of 8 to 26. But even then I can't find a JVM version with which I can run it. If I use JAVA_HOME pointing to Java 11, jmeter GUI starts, but right clicking load produces the following error in the log:

2026/05/15 12:47:34 WARN  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Could not instantiate org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.RespTimeGraphVisualizer java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/jCharts/properties/PointChartProperties has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 65.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:756)

It is apparent that some of its classes need at least Java 21. However, when I try to run jmeter with Java 21, I get:

An error occurred: Unable to make field private static java.lang.String sun.awt.X11.XToolkit.awtAppClassName accessible: module java.desktop does not "opens sun.awt.X11" to unnamed module @42f30e0a

And the GUI will not start. Apparently, base JMeter is not built to modern Java standards and will fail to start with Java 21.

How do I get JMeter in Ubuntu 25.10 to run with usable GUI?

Issue Title: System hard freezes and black screen preceded by amdgpu DMCUB diagnostic errors on Ryzen/Radeon platform.

Description: I am experiencing intermittent hard system freezes on my laptop, particularly when using the Performance power profile. The failure follows a consistent pattern:

1. Immediate Display Loss: The screen goes black instantly.

2. Unresponsive Input: The keyboard and mouse become completely unresponsive (caps lock light does not toggle).

3. Thermal/Fan Behavior: Even though the system is frozen, the fans immediately ramp up to 100% (Full RPM) and stay there until a hard manual reboot is performed.

4. Error Logs: The system logs capture the following error shortly before or during the crash: amdgpu 0000:05:00.0: [drm] *ERROR* dc_dmub_srv_log_diagnostic_data: DMCUB error - collecting diagnostic data

System Context:

• Platform: AMD Ryzen with integrated/dedicated Radeon graphics.

• Operating System: Ubuntu (26.04/Linux Kernel 7.0.0-15-generic).

• Power State: The issue is most prevalent in "Performance" mode, suggesting a possible conflict with PCIe ASPM (Active State Power Management) or Voltage/Frequency scaling transitions.

Suspected Cause: The error points to a crash of the DMCUB (Display Core Microcontroller). When this microcontroller fails, it seems to lose synchronization with the system's thermal management, causing the fans to default to a "fail-safe" maximum speed while the display engine dies.

Event logs: https://pastebin.com/yz0vh4Kg

System

# System Details Report
---

## Report details
- **Date generated:**                              2026-05-15 10:54:09

## Hardware Information:
- **Hardware Model:**                              Dell Inc. Vostro 5625
- **Memory:**                                      64.0 GiB
- **Processor:**                                   AMD Ryzen™ 7 5825U with Radeon™ Graphics × 16
- **Graphics:**                                    AMD Radeon™ Graphics
- **Disk Capacity:**                               512.1 GB

## Software Information:
- **Firmware Version:**                            1.27.0
- **OS Name:**                                     Ubuntu 26.04 LTS
- **OS Build:**                                    (null)
- **OS Type:**                                     64-bit
- **GNOME Version:**                               50
- **Windowing System:**                            Wayland
- **Kernel Version:**                              Linux 7.0.0-15-generic

sensors

mt7921_phy0-pci-0400
Adapter: PCI adapter
temp1:        +36.0°C  

k10temp-pci-00c3
Adapter: PCI adapter
Tctl:         +62.4°C  

BAT0-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
in0:          16.02 V  
curr1:       246.00 mA 

amdgpu-pci-0500
Adapter: PCI adapter
vddgfx:        1.44 V  
vddnb:       762.00 mV 
edge:         +42.0°C  
PPT:          33.00 W  
sclk:           1 GHz 

dell_smm-isa-00de
Adapter: ISA adapter
Processor Fan: 4624 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max = 4636 RPM)
Other:          +59.0°C  
SODIMM:         +35.0°C  
Ambient:        +35.0°C  
Other:          +30.0°C  
GPU:            +16.0°C  
pwm1:              128%  MANUAL CONTROL

nvme-pci-0200
Adapter: PCI adapter
Composite:    +32.9°C  (low  =  -0.1°C, high = +82.8°C)
                       (crit = +84.8°C)

acpitz-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
temp1:        +59.0°C

I was trying to use these commands to install Firebird on Windows Subsystem for Linux (I'm new to this).

wget -O firebird.tar.gz https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/download/R2_5_9/FirebirdSS-2.5.9.27139-0.amd64.tar.gz

then:

tar -zxvf firebird.tar.gz

then:

sudo ./install.sh

And I typed my password. All I got was: sudo: './install.sh': command not found

What am I doing wrong? I used this instruction (It's a Polish website, but you can translate it.): https://dgcs.pl/firebird3-0-linux/

I am using Ubuntu 25.10 and I think my PC may have been compromised by malware or a trojan.

The reason I suspect this is because:

• My ad blocker suddenly stopped working.

• Some messages were deleted from my email account and Instagram account without my permission.

• I am worried someone may have gained access to my accounts or system.

I do not have much experience with Ubuntu or Linux security, so I am not sure how to properly check my system.

So far I have tried:

• Running ss -tulnp to check open ports.

• Checking running processes manually.

• Trying to use debsums, but it was not installed.

I would like to know:

1. How can I verify if my Ubuntu system is infected or compromised?

2. What logs or commands should I check?

3. How can I determine whether the problem is in my PC or only in my online accounts?

4. What immediate security steps should I take?

Hey guys I've been encountering plenty of problems in Kubuntu 26.04 that wont let me use my pc normally:

1. Translucently and wobble window effects get reapplied after each reboot without my consent

2. Chrome on xorg with using the built in classic option from appearance aka colors, the title bar buttons disappear when I try to type on the address bar.

3. Plymouth animation appears during transition from sddm to desktop (I have selected None as a transition)

4. The locale on the time widget in taskbar rejects any effort to be changed and still uses the Greek time format ΠΜ, ΜΜ, When I clearly set it to American am pm. I use Greek only for the keyboard

I have to note that I also use klassy I seriously need to find a solution because the name implies LTS and I am disappointed.

Can anyone help me? Plasma 6.6.4 Just upgraded

I have some troubles with camera/webcame for Dell Latitude 73640. On the live USB of UBUNTU, camera is working. But not after installation...

Here after a short diagnosis of what is available on the live :

dpkg -l | grep -Ei 'ipu|ivsc|camera|libcamera|pipewire|portal|v412'    

ii  accountsservice                            23.13.9-8ubuntu5                           amd64        query and manipulate user account information
    ii  bpftool                                    7.7.0+7.0.0-14.14                          amd64        Inspection and simple manipulation of BPF programs and maps
    ii  bubblewrap                                 0.11.1-1                                   amd64        utility for unprivileged chroot and namespace manipulation
    ii  cups-ppdc                                  2.4.16-1ubuntu1                            amd64        Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - PPD manipulation utilities
    ii  gnome-remote-desktop                       50.0-0ubuntu2                              amd64        Remote desktop daemon for GNOME using PipeWire
    ii  gstreamer1.0-libcamera:amd64               0.7.0-1ubuntu2                             amd64        complex camera support library (GStreamer plugin)
    ii  gstreamer1.0-pipewire:amd64                1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        GStreamer 1.0 plugin for the PipeWire multimedia server
    ii  iputils-ping                               3:20250605-1ubuntu1                        amd64        Tools to test the reachability of network hosts
    ii  iputils-tracepath                          3:20250605-1ubuntu1                        amd64        Tools to trace the network path to a remote host
    ii  libaccountsservice0:amd64                  23.13.9-8ubuntu5                           amd64        query and manipulate user account information - shared libraries
    ii  libblockdev3:amd64                         3.4.0-1                                    amd64        Library for manipulating block devices
    ii  libcamera-ipa:amd64                        0.7.0-1ubuntu2                             amd64        complex camera support library (IPA modules)
    ii  libcamera0.7:amd64                         0.7.0-1ubuntu2                             amd64        complex camera support library
    ii  libexiv2-28:amd64                          0.28.8+dfsg-1                              amd64        EXIF/IPTC/XMP metadata manipulation library
    ii  libexiv2-data                              0.28.8+dfsg-1                              all          EXIF/IPTC/XMP metadata manipulation library - shared data
    ii  libgphoto2-6t64:amd64                      2.5.33-1ubuntu1                            amd64        gphoto2 digital camera library
    ii  libgphoto2-l10n                            2.5.33-1ubuntu1                            all          gphoto2 digital camera library - localized messages
    ii  libgphoto2-port12t64:amd64                 2.5.33-1ubuntu1                            amd64        gphoto2 digital camera port library
    ii  libisl23:amd64                             0.27-1build1                               amd64        manipulating sets and relations of integer points bounded by linear constraints
    ii  libjansson4:amd64                          2.14-2build4                               amd64        C library for encoding, decoding and manipulating JSON data
    ii  libjson-c5:amd64                           0.18+ds-3                                  amd64        JSON manipulation library - shared library
    ii  libjson-glib-1.0-0:amd64                   1.10.8+ds-2                                amd64        GLib JSON manipulation library
    ii  libjson-glib-1.0-common                    1.10.8+ds-2                                all          GLib JSON manipulation library (common files)
    ii  libmailtools-perl                          2.22-1                                     all          modules to manipulate email in perl programs
    ii  liboeffis1:amd64                           1.5.0-3                                    amd64        RemoteDesktop portal DBus helper library
    ii  libparted-fs-resize0t64:amd64              3.6-6                                      amd64        disk partition manipulator - shared FS resizing library
    ii  libparted2t64:amd64                        3.6-6                                      amd64        disk partition manipulator - shared library
    ii  libpipeline1:amd64                         1.5.8-2                                    amd64        Unix process pipeline manipulation library
    ii  libpipewire-0.3-0t64:amd64                 1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        libraries for the PipeWire multimedia server
    ii  libpipewire-0.3-common                     1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             all          libraries for the PipeWire multimedia server - common files
    ii  libpipewire-0.3-modules:amd64              1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        libraries for the PipeWire multimedia server - modules
    ii  libpixman-1-0:amd64                        0.46.4-1                                   amd64        pixel-manipulation library for X and cairo
    ii  libportal-gtk3-1:amd64                     0.9.1-2build1                              amd64        Flatpak portal library for GTK 3 GUIs
    ii  libportal-gtk4-1:amd64                     0.9.1-2build1                              amd64        Flatpak portal library for GTK 4 GUIs
    ii  libportal1:amd64                           0.9.1-2build1                              amd64        Flatpak portal library - non-GUI part
    ii  libsepol2:amd64                            3.9-2                                      amd64        SELinux library for manipulating binary security policies
    ii  libspa-0.2-bluetooth:amd64                 1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        libraries for the PipeWire multimedia server - bluetooth plugins
    ii  libspa-0.2-libcamera:amd64                 1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        libraries for the PipeWire multimedia server - libcamera plugin
    ii  libspa-0.2-modules:amd64                   1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        libraries for the PipeWire multimedia server Simple Plugin API - modules
    ii  libtimedate-perl                           2.3300-2                                   all          collection of modules to manipulate date/time information
    ii  liburi-perl                                5.34-2build1                               all          module to manipulate and access URI strings
    ii  libvolume-key1:amd64                       0.3.12-10build2                            amd64        Library for manipulating storage encryption keys and passphrases
    ii  libxkbfile1:amd64                          1:1.1.0-1build5                            amd64        X11 keyboard file manipulation library
    ii  linux-firmware-intel-graphics              20260319.git217ca6e4-0ubuntu2              all          Firmware for Intel graphics and IPU and VSC processors
    ii  mokutil                                    0.7.2-2                                    amd64        tools for manipulating machine owner keys
    ii  mount                                      2.41.3-3ubuntu2                            amd64        tools for mounting and manipulating filesystems
    ii  parted                                     3.6-6                                      amd64        disk partition manipulator
    ii  pipewire:amd64                             1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        audio and video processing engine multimedia server
    ii  pipewire-alsa:amd64                        1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        PipeWire ALSA plugin, for ALSA applications to output via PipeWire
    ii  pipewire-audio                             1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             all          recommended set of PipeWire packages for a standard audio desktop use
    ii  pipewire-bin                               1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        PipeWire multimedia server - programs
    ii  pipewire-pulse                             1.6.2-1ubuntu1                             amd64        PipeWire PulseAudio daemon
    ii  python3-jaraco.text                        4.0.0-1build1                              all          jaraco text manipulation functions
    ii  python3-lazr.uri                           1.0.6-7build1                              all          library for parsing, manipulating, and generating URIs
    ii  python3-netaddr                            1.3.0-1build1                              all          manipulation of various common network address notations (Python 3)
    ii  python3-xkit                               0.5.0ubuntu8                               all          library for the manipulation of xorg.conf files (Python 3)
    ii  sbsigntool                                 0.9.4-3.1ubuntu9                           amd64        Tools to manipulate signatures on UEFI binaries and drivers
    ii  udisks2                                    2.10.91-1ubuntu2                           amd64        D-Bus service to access and manipulate storage devices
    ii  wireplumber                                0.5.13-1ubuntu1                            amd64        modular session / policy manager for PipeWire
    ii  xdg-desktop-portal                         1.21.1+ds-1ubuntu3                         amd64        desktop integration portal for Flatpak and Snap
    ii  xdg-desktop-portal-gnome                   50.0-0ubuntu1                              amd64        GNOME portal backend for xdg-desktop-portal
    ii  xdg-desktop-portal-gtk                     1.15.3-2ubuntu1                            amd64        GTK+/GNOME portal backend for xdg-desktop-portal
    ii  xorriso                                    1:1.5.6-1.1ubuntu4                         amd64        command line ISO-9660 and Rock Ridge manipulation tool

And

lsmod | grep -Ei 'iup|ivsc|v4l2|uvc'
videobuf2_v4l2         36864  1 intel_ipu6_isys
videobuf2_common       90112  4 videobuf2_v4l2,intel_ipu6_isys,videobuf2_dma_sg,videobuf2_memops
ivsc_ace               16384  0
ivsc_csi               12288  3
mei                   184320  10 ivsc_ace,mei_hdcp,mei_pxp,ivsc_csi,mei_vsc,mei_me
ipu_bridge             24576  3 intel_ipu6,ivsc_csi,intel_ipu6_isys
v4l2_fwnode            40960  8 hi556,ivsc_csi,intel_ipu6_isys
v4l2_async             32768  4 v4l2_fwnode,hi556,ivsc_csi,intel_ipu6_isys
videodev              376832  16 v4l2_async,v4l2_fwnode,hi556,videobuf2_v4l2,ivsc_csi,intel_ipu6_isys
mc                     90112  10 v4l2_async,videodev,snd_usb_audio,hi556,videobuf2_v4l2,ivsc_csi,intel_ipu6_isys,videobuf2_common

And to complete

sudo dmesg | grep -Ei 'iup|ivsc|camera|sensor|ov'
[    0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[    0.000000] efi: Remove mem99: MMIO range=[0xc0000000-0xcfffffff] (256MB) from e820 map
[    0.000000] e820: remove [mem 0xc0000000-0xcfffffff] device reserved
[    0.000000] efi: Remove mem100: MMIO range=[0xf9800000-0xf9ffffff] (8MB) from e820 map
[    0.000000] e820: remove [mem 0xf9800000-0xf9ffffff] device reserved
[    0.000000] efi: Remove mem102: MMIO range=[0xff000000-0xffffffff] (16MB) from e820 map
[    0.000000] e820: remove [mem 0xff000000-0xffffffff] device reserved
[    0.000011] e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] System RAM
[    0.009607] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[    0.009609] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level)
[    0.009704] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.115649] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'fair_share'
[    0.115649] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'bang_bang'
[    0.115649] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise'
[    0.115649] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'user_space'
[    0.115649] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'power_allocator'
[    0.115649] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[    0.115649] cpuidle: using governor menu
[    0.653235] NetLabel:  protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 CALIPSO
[    0.826156] fbcon: Deferring console take-over
[    0.840610] Key type fscrypt-provisioning registered
[    1.839677] hid-generic 001F:8087:0AC2.0002: hidraw1: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.854131] hid-generic 001F:8087:0AC2.0003: hidraw2: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.866426] hid-generic 001F:8087:0AC2.0004: hidraw3: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.873646] hid-generic 001F:8087:0AC2.0005: hidraw4: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.878387] hid-sensor-hub 001F:8087:0AC2.0002: hidraw1: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.879948] hid-sensor-hub 001F:8087:0AC2.0003: hidraw2: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.881466] hid-sensor-hub 001F:8087:0AC2.0004: hidraw3: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    1.882495] hid-sensor-hub 001F:8087:0AC2.0005: hidraw4: SENSOR HUB HID v2.00 Device [hid-ishtp 8087:0AC2] on 
[    2.127658] usb 2-1.3: Manufacturer: Lenovo
[    3.067688] raid6: using avx2x2 recovery algorithm
[    3.866954] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
[    4.808951] overlayfs: null uuid in non-single lower fs '/', falling back to xino=off,index=off,nfs_export=off.
[    5.254541] EXT4-fs (sda4): recovery complete
[    5.773359] evm: overlay not supported
[   14.550372] systemd[1]: /usr/lib/systemd/system/xfs_scrub_all.service:26: Support for option CPUAccounting= has been removed and it is ignored
[   14.550782] systemd[1]: /usr/lib/systemd/system/system-xfs_scrub.slice:15: Support for option CPUAccounting= has been removed and it is ignored
[   16.866612] RAPL PMU: API unit is 2^-32 Joules, 4 fixed counters, 655360 ms ovfl timer
[   17.174889] fbcon: Deferring console take-over
[   29.575149] pci 0000:00:05.0: Found supported sensor INT3537:00
[   29.575381] pci 0000:00:05.0: Connected 1 cameras
[   29.760132] hi556 i2c-INT3537:00: supply dovdd not found, using dummy regulator

And

systemctl --user --no-pager | grep -E 'pipewire|portal|wireplumber'
  pipewire-pulse.service                                                                                                                                              loaded active     running         PipeWire PulseAudio
  pipewire.service                                                                                                                                                    loaded active     running         PipeWire Multimedia Service
  wireplumber.service                                                                                                                                                 loaded active     running         Multimedia Service Session Manager
  xdg-desktop-portal-gnome.service                                                                                                                                    loaded active     running         Portal service (GNOME implementation)
  xdg-desktop-portal-gtk.service                                                                                                                                      loaded active     running         Portal service (GTK/GNOME implementation)
  xdg-desktop-portal.service                                                                                                                                          loaded active     running         Portal service
  xdg-document-portal.service                                                                                                                                         loaded active     running         flatpak document portal service
  pipewire-pulse.socket                                                                                                                                               loaded active     running         PipeWire PulseAudio
  pipewire.socket                                                                                                                                                     loaded active     running         PipeWire Multimedi

After the installation on the PC, the cam -l retunr the follwoing results :

WIth the command cam -l

cam -l
[0:07:40.546835667] [10325]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:340 libcamera v0.7.0
[0:07:40.564887582] [10333]  WARN CameraSensor camera_sensor_legacy.cpp:355 'hi556 15-0020': Recommended V4L2 control 0x009a0922 not supported
[0:07:40.564931589] [10333]  WARN CameraSensor camera_sensor_legacy.cpp:427 'hi556 15-0020': The sensor kernel driver needs to be fixed
[0:07:40.564938308] [10333]  WARN CameraSensor camera_sensor_legacy.cpp:429 'hi556 15-0020': See Documentation/sensor_driver_requirements.rst in the libcamera sources for more information
[0:07:40.565146356] [10333]  WARN CameraSensorProperties camera_sensor_properties.cpp:548 No static properties available for 'hi556'
[0:07:40.565153890] [10333]  WARN CameraSensorProperties camera_sensor_properties.cpp:550 Please consider updating the camera sensor properties database
[0:07:40.565158322] [10333]  WARN CameraSensor camera_sensor_legacy.cpp:595 'hi556 15-0020': Failed to retrieve the camera location
[0:07:40.565162437] [10333]  WARN CameraSensor camera_sensor_legacy.cpp:617 'hi556 15-0020': Rotation control not available, default to 0 degrees
[0:07:40.565168593] [10333]  WARN CameraSensor camera_sensor_legacy.cpp:502 'hi556 15-0020': No sensor delays found in static properties. Assuming unverified defaults.
[0:07:40.566589384] [10333]  WARN IPAProxy ipa_proxy.cpp:192 Configuration file 'hi556.yaml' not found for IPA module 'simple', falling back to '/usr/share/libcamera/ipa/simple/uncalibrated.yaml'
[0:07:40.566616685] [10333]  WARN IPASoft soft_simple.cpp:104 IPASoft: Failed to create camera sensor helper for hi556
[0:07:40.566813437] [10333]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:223 Adding camera '\_SB_.PC00.LNK1' for pipeline handler simple
Available cameras:
1: 'hi556' (\_SB_.PC00.LNK1)

Why would some USB drives be slower than other and is there anything that can be done about it?

Now that I am upgrading to XUbuntu26.04, I've been running some daily backups on both systems.

The time to complete the backup ranges from about 80 minutes to something close to 150 minutes. Thus far I am not finding much if any difference in timing between 24.04 and 26.04, although two years ago I did find 22.04 significantly faster on USB2 type drives. The drives I am using are USB 3.2, purchased some months back as a 10 pack so, they are probably from the same production run.

What I am noticing is that some specific drives run around 90 minutes on 24.04 and 26.04 while other drives take close to 140 minutes on 24.04 and 26.04. I am using very similar ports in both cases. The systems are identical Optiplex systems. The port is appropriate for USB 3 devices (labeld SS).

I have done some further testing then looked at the values reported by lsusb -tv Three of them reported an ID of 13FE and what I think is the manufacture (Phison Electronics). One of the drives reports asn ID of 325d. Two of them are requiring about 140 minutes, the other two required about 100 minutes. There were all purchased as Teamgroup 64GB 3.2 USB drives. The one which reports a blank manufacturer is one of the two fast drives.

I have bought a printer, an HP Envy 6500e. Although the driver is available, my notebook with Ubuntu 24.04 installed is not able to install it. It shows the printer as available, but it fails to install.
I tried with the standard Ubuntu installation procedure and using the hp-setup command.
I have also updated hp-plugin and I tried to connect the notebook to the printer through the USB cable or by Wi-Fi indicating the IP address manually.

I tried the printer using a Windows PC and Android smartphone and it works.

In all cases the printer installation failed. Any ideas?

I am running Proxmox inside VMware Workstation. I uploaded an Ubuntu ISO and made two VMs. My goal is to have these VMs stay in sync: any change made in VM1 should automatically appear in VM2, and vice versa.

To achieve this, I installed "Syncthing". However, I am struggling with the path configuration. It is difficult to add all the directories in the operating system, and I want to applied for example changes in /etc/named.conf, but the path of syncthing is /sync/share, so I don't think this is a correct way to sync any changes between two VMs.

How do I configure Syncthing paths between two Ubuntu VMs in Proxmox?

How to turn "Alt+l+e+up-key+enter" combination into a shortcut?

I'm using vlc to watch media and I'd like to create a shortcut that does the same job as a key combination for slowing or speeding up video. The key combination pressed in order is "Alt+l+e+up-key+enter" for speeding up and "Alt+l+e+down-key+enter" for slowing down.

What do I type in the command line for Setting Custom Shortcut ?

Edit: instead of pressing "Alt+l+e+down-key+enter" every time to speed up I'd like to create a shortcut for it. I'm on ubuntu 22.04 , Xserver.

Edit 2:Added Images

First input/macro

Second input/macro

Enabling the autoload for one macro disables the other one.

Edit 3: The way to make it work in input remapper in my case is to put all your related macros into one preset.

Thanks

This week my OS updated a few packages and after the update my nvidia drivers stopped working. I was using nvidia-driver-580-open and tried switching to nvidia-driver-590. The computer still felt laggy so I tried switching back to the 580 drivers but I ran into the following issue

    Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-modules-nvidia-580-open-generic-hwe-24.04 : Depends: linux-modules-nvidia-580-open-6.17.0-23-generic (= 6.17.0-23.23~24.04.1+1) but it is not going to be installed
                                                   Depends: nvidia-kernel-common-580 (>= 580.142) but 580.126.09-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

I also tried using

ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

as well as purging, updating and re-installing the drivers.

I am using Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and have a 3060 RTX Mobile

Currently I've tried the 570 and they showed the same issue as the 590, laggy, without smooth transitions in the desktop and couldn't run games. And I've also tried the 535 drivers that led me to have to log in with tty4 to purge them.

When I try to manually install the packages manually

sudo aptitude -f install nvidia-kernel-common-580 
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nvidia-firmware-580-580.126.09{a} nvidia-kernel-common-580 

I tried looking online and I couldn't find nvidia-kernel-common-580.142 available anywhere

After trying many solutions from Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages, none of them worked as when I perform the install I do not have any nvidia related packages on my computer.

Currently the only drivers that somehow work are the Xorg drivers and that's what I'm trying to switch from into nvidia drivers.

It seems to me like the packages are still not available but I cannot confirm the issue is on my side

Also my sources list reads as

Types: deb deb-src URIs: http://pt.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports Components: main restricted universe multiverse Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg  Types: deb deb-src URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ Suites: noble-security Components: main restricted universe multiverse Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg 

I've now tried downgrading the kernel from version 6.17.0-23-generic to 6.17.0-22-generic, running into the same issues as before.

I also tried

sudo apt install ca-certificate
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

And still got the same error as before

Potential temporary fix

So I tried purging and installing the packages once more, but then had trouble returning to not having drivers

I disabled secure boot and after a restart the X.org drivers in the Additional Drivers menu were selected.

To try and properly install them I pressed another random driver, then X.org drivers and selected "apply selected".

I rebooted the computer and after the reboot the 590 proprieetary drivers of nvidia were installed and working correctly.

Still did not fix the issue with the 580 drivers but at least this works.

I recently installed Ubuntu 26.04 and I noticed that the thumbnails for my comics aren't showing in the Files file manager. I tried installing different thumbnailers, but nothing seems to work. Instead it just shows the default Ubuntu document icons.

I do not have Evince or mcomix installed. I'm using the default document reader that comes with Ubuntu 26.04.

We are running a bunch of containers for a cyber security teaching environment, where students can execute arbitrary commands (unprivileged).

Our system (Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS) is affected by the recently-published "Copy Fail" vulnerability (CVE-2026-31431).

Unfortunately, updating did not produce any new kernel packages, and we are still stuck with 6.8.0-110:

# uname -a
Linux teaching-host 6.8.0-110-generic #110-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Mar 19 15:09:20 UTC 2026 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

PoC exploit (makes su not ask for passwords until undoing it below or rebooting):

$ cat exploit.py | python3 && su
# id
uid=0(root) gid=1000(user) groups=1000(user),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),101(lxd),988(docker)
# sudo sysctl -w vm.drop_caches=3 # Undo the exploit

How can we harden our system until an official patch package becomes available?

I have bought a new workstation with the following specs:

• GIGABYTE TRX50 AERO D
• AMD Ryzen Threadripper 9970X
• 8GB ASUS GEFORCE RTX 5060

I was just getting a black screen when I tried to install Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS, so I also tried different Ubuntu versions (25.10, 24.04.2, as well as the server version) but without success in any off them. Tried to install it using "nomodeset", and other different settings but it always got stuck after clicking on trying to install, giving me a black screen (also waited for 15m after the black screen to see if it was only delayed).

Figuring out it might be a problem of compatibility of the new RTX5060 (drivers), I switched the GPU by an old CUDA A2000 I had here and successfully installed ubuntu and installed the latest nvidia drivers for the geforce rtx 50 series (580.95.05), also checked if the BIOS had the most recent version and it had, updated the ubuntu and all those things. However, when I replaced the GPU back, It just refuses to boot ubuntu getting stuck in the menu to choose to go to BIOS or boot menu, if I click to boot ubuntu it just goes back to the other menu.

I assume this is not an hardware issue, because it had a pre installation of windows (it has now been removed) but there nothing odd happened.

My PDF thumbnails on the desktop have reverted to Adobe icons.

I have Evince installed and I am confident that the thumbnails are being generated because thumbnails show up in the Nautilus window for the desktop folder.

Two out of a dozen or more thumbnails are displayed on the desktop, as in this screenshot, so there's hope that something is working correctly, just not everything. One pdf link displays a thumbnail, one an icon.

I tried clearing out the thumbnail cache. They regenerate perfectly and display in Nautilus, but not on the desktop.

I tried switching my default PDF reader from Evince/Document View to Okular (my preferred viewer) and back with reboots in between.

This used to work fine, and stopped working after updates.

I am running Ubuntu 24.10 on a Dell XPS 13 and everything is up to date. I'm not a newbie but I'm not deeply into the technical details, so please give suggestion without assuming too much technical knowledge here.

My installation of apache2 is messed up. I can't get apache2's php module installed. How can I get Apache2's php module installed?

What I have tried:

$ sudo apt reinstall libapache2-mod-php
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-5.11.0-44-generic linux-hwe-5.11-headers-5.11.0-44 linux-image-5.11.0-44-generic
  linux-modules-5.11.0-44-generic linux-modules-extra-5.11.0-44-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 2.836 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://aw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libapache2-mod-php all 2:7.4+75 [2.836 B]
Fetched 2.836 B in 1s (4.938 B/s)             
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'firefox-mozilla-build' missing; assuming package has no files 
currently installed
(Reading database ... 333225 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libapache2-mod-php_2%3a7.4+75_all.deb ...
Unpacking libapache2-mod-php (2:7.4+75) over (2:7.4+75) ...
Setting up libapache2-mod-php (2:7.4+75) ...

and

$ sudo apt purge libapache2-mod-php
$ sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php

The module is not installed:

$ ls /etc/apache2/mods-available
access_compat.load    cgi.load                  log_debug.load       ratelimit.load
actions.conf          charset_lite.load         log_forensic.load    reflector.load
actions.load          data.load                 lua.load             remoteip.load
alias.conf            dav_fs.conf               macro.load           reqtimeout.conf
alias.load            dav_fs.load               md.load              reqtimeout.load
allowmethods.load     dav.load                  mime.conf            request.load
asis.load             dav_lock.load             mime.load            rewrite.load
auth_basic.load       dbd.load                  mime_magic.conf      sed.load
auth_digest.load      deflate.conf              mime_magic.load      session_cookie.load
auth_form.load        deflate.load              mpm_event.conf       session_crypto.load
authn_anon.load       dialup.load               mpm_event.load       session_dbd.load
authn_core.load       dir.conf                  mpm_prefork.conf     session.load
authn_dbd.load        dir.load                  mpm_prefork.load     setenvif.conf
authn_dbm.load        dump_io.load              mpm_worker.conf      setenvif.load
authn_file.load       echo.load                 mpm_worker.load      slotmem_plain.load
authn_socache.load    env.load                  negotiation.conf     slotmem_shm.load
authnz_fcgi.load      expires.load              negotiation.load     socache_dbm.load
authnz_ldap.load      ext_filter.load           proxy_ajp.load       socache_memcache.load
authz_core.load       file_cache.load           proxy_balancer.conf  socache_redis.load
authz_dbd.load        filter.load               proxy_balancer.load  socache_shmcb.load
authz_dbm.load        headers.load              proxy.conf           speling.load
authz_groupfile.load  heartbeat.load            proxy_connect.load   ssl.conf
authz_host.load       heartmonitor.load         proxy_express.load   ssl.load
authz_owner.load      http2.conf                proxy_fcgi.load      status.conf
authz_user.load       http2.load                proxy_fdpass.load    status.load
autoindex.conf        ident.load                proxy_ftp.conf       substitute.load
autoindex.load        imagemap.load             proxy_ftp.load       suexec.load
brotli.load           include.load              proxy_hcheck.load    unique_id.load
buffer.load           info.conf                 proxy_html.conf      userdir.conf
cache_disk.conf       info.load                 proxy_html.load      userdir.load
cache_disk.load       lbmethod_bybusyness.load  proxy_http2.load     usertrack.load
cache.load            lbmethod_byrequests.load  proxy_http.load      vhost_alias.load
cache_socache.load    lbmethod_bytraffic.load   proxy.load           xml2enc.load
cern_meta.load        lbmethod_heartbeat.load   proxy_scgi.load
cgid.conf             ldap.conf                 proxy_uwsgi.load
cgid.load             ldap.load                 proxy_wstunnel.load

I've been working on a bot for Discord which utilizes a PostgreSQL database and I'm trying to install it on a Vultr server (Ubuntu 20.04). Everything is working fine until I get to the part where I'm trying to create the database inside the server and I've been trying to follow multiple guides on how to set it up, but whenever I try to run any postgres/psql commands such as sudo -u postgres createuser --interactive I get an error saying could not change directory to "/root": Permission denied

When I try to log into a user I've created by using sudo -u araraura psql I get errors saying sudo: unknown user: araraura and sudo: unable to initialize policy plugin.

I've been at this for a day searching and looking for solutions on the internet, but I just couldn't find any solution that worked for me.

I am trying to install conjure-up to install the kubernetes on my ubuntu (16.04.1) with the command:

sudo snap install conjure-up --classic

After a few seconds, the below error is shown:

error: unable to contact snap store

I have both http_proxy and https_proxy already setup

Below is the output from snap version

snap    2.34.2
snapd   2.34.2
series  16
ubuntu  16.04
kernel  4.15.0-42-generic

I came across the similar question, Problem with snap store but the answer provided (issue with snap store try after some time) did not solve my issue.

I recently bought a Wireless USB Adapter TP-LINK TL-WN722N v3 (https://wikidevi.com/wiki/TP-LINK_TL-WN722N). At first, it seems to work but I've noticed that there were, in fact, some problems with drivers after all. So I decided to install one, in following way:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms

When that didn't work I followed this guide:

git clone git://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu
cd rtl8188eu
make
sudo make install
sudo cp -v ~/RTL8188EU/rtl8188eu/rtl8188eufw.bin /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/
sudo depmod -a
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo modprobe 8188eu

But it gave me 'modprobe 8188eu - Exec' format error on the last command. I've also tried using dkms, but that does not seem to work either.

sudo apt-get install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8188eu
sudo dkms install 8188eu/1.0

I'm running: Linux version 4.4.0-116-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-021) (gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9) ) #140-Ubuntu SMP

Right now the device is not recognised in any way after connecting it to USB port. How can I make it running?

In a terminal window, I can use File > Open Tab to get two tabs in the same window.
Then, if I move the terminal up to the top of the OS, those two tabs become two separated windows.

How can I merge those two windows back to one (like I had before)?