Using the Fonts app, I tried to install the Urdu font. It fails due to 'broadcom'.

Everything used to work fine (including the Urdu font) before I was hacked. I erased my disk and reinstalled Ubuntu, but I upgraded from 24.04.3 LTS to 24.04.4 LTS.

Here is a portion of the crash report.

**```none Building initial module for 6.17.0-14-generic ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/broadcom-sta-dkms.0.crash' Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64) Consult /var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build/make.log for more information.

When I check this file

**vi  /var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build/make.log**

This is what I see

**DKMS make.log for broadcom-sta-6.30.223.271 for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Sun Feb 15 05:43:45 PM AEDT 2026
CFG80211 API is prefered for this kernel version
Makefile:91: Neither CFG80211 nor Wireless Extension is enabled in kernel
KBUILD_NOPEDANTIC=1 make -C /lib/modules/6.17.0-14-generic/build M=`pwd`
make[1]: warning: jobserver unavailable: using -j1.  Add '+' to parent make rule.
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic'
make[2]: Entering directory '/var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build'
warning: the compiler differs from the one used to build the kernel
  The kernel was built by: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-13 (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04) 13.3.0
  You are using:           gcc-13 (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04) 13.3.0
CFG80211 API is prefered for this kernel version
Using CFG80211 API
Kernel architecture is X86_64
  CC [M]  src/shared/linux_osl.o
src/shared/linux_osl.c:23:10: fatal error: typedefs.h: No such file or directory
   23 | #include <typedefs.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[4]: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic/scripts/Makefile.build:287: src/shared/linux_osl.o] Error 1
make[3]: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic/Makefile:2016: .] Error 2
make[2]: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic/Makefile:248: __sub-make] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory '/var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build'
make[1]: *** [Makefile:248: __sub-make] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic'
make: *** [Makefile:183: all] Error 2**
~                                           

I have a WSL2 Ubuntu. The /usr/lib/wsl/drivers folder takes up a lot of memory (about 8 GB). Is there a way to clean it up? I don't use WSLg (Windows Subsystem for Linux GUI).

I've already added guiApplications=false to the %USERPROFILES%\\.wslconfig file, however Ubuntu memory was not freed up.

I am experiencing a freezing issue at the loading page of Ubuntu even after installing the Nvidia graphics drivers. I have to use nomodeset every time in order to use Ubuntu. Is there any way to use Ubuntu Nvidia graphics?

I am using Ubuntu Desktop 22.04. When I play a video course from my external HDD the space in my laptop's HDD decreases to zero. This happens even if the available HDD space is more than 1GB. Where are these files stored?. How can I delete them to restore my laptop's HDD free space?

I have tried:

1. Run sudo apt clean in the terminal. There was no improvement in space usage.
2. du -sh ~/.cache | sort -h
3. sudo rm -rf ~/.cache/*

I am currently running a dual boot Ubuntu 24.04 and Windows 11 setup via a live USB 3.1 drive. This setup works fine and has no issues. I had asked earlier on the best way to clone/ back up my set up and got helpful answers on ways to do it.

The GParted copy and paste method, and a Clonezilla method that involved restoring GRUB. The GParted method resulted in my new clone of Ubuntu booting fine, but Windows 11 would give me a PC needs to be repaired error and would boot loop if I tried any repair options, even with a live installation of Windows 11.

Next I tried doing a part-part clone of each partition of Windows, followed by the Vfat partition to see if this would fix it, and had no luck. Later I tried a basic disk-disk clone via Clonezilla and now Windows and Ubuntu boot fine. This surprised me as the user from this post mentioned this didn't work for them and they had to jump through hoops as well as reconfigure grub each time they did it. I did make sure to boot into a live installation of Ubuntu and removed my HDD from my computer to use GParted.

How can I use GParted so that it does not ruin my dual boot USB?

I have followed the posted method very closely, and I do not believe this to be a result of misreading instructions. I'd prefer this method, so that I can back up a single partition as opposed to cloning my entire hard drive each time a major update gets released.

it complains

~$ sudo apt upgrade 
...
error: object file .git/objects/05/dfe78c511be036b324b5280f2deb64db6b95b9 is empty
error: object file .git/objects/05/dfe78c511be036b324b5280f2deb64db6b95b9 is empty
fatal: bad object HEAD
Extract templates from packages: 100%
Preconfiguring packages ...
setting xserver-xorg-legacy/xwrapper/allowed_users from configuration file
(Reading database ... 802650 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../base-files_1%3a2026.1.0_amd64.deb ...
dpkg-divert: error: 'diversion of /lib32 to /.lib32.usr-is-merged by base-files' clashes with 'diversion of /lib32 to /lib32.usr-is-merged by base-files'
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/base-files_1%3a2026.1.0_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 new base-files package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2
motd-news.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/base-files_1%3a2026.1.0_amd64.deb
error: object file .git/objects/05/dfe78c511be036b324b5280f2deb64db6b95b9 is empty
error: object file .git/objects/05/dfe78c511be036b324b5280f2deb64db6b95b9 is empty
fatal: bad object HEAD
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Every single time I open up Ubuntu, the same thing happens. No sound. If I reboot, I get sound for a while then silence. I've installed 24.04 only a day ago and this just keeps happening. Also if I open settings, I get a little bit of sound before more silence. (on a EZ book S7 Hi)

I'm running Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS. I bought a used Biogenik NS PRO CONROLLER a few weeks ago and have been happily playing my favourite game on Steam. But as of yesterday, Steam is unable recognize when I connect the controller via Bluetooth (or when I plug in the controller via USB). It still connects to the computer just fine. But Steam doesn't see it.

I admit, even before, Steam was a little finicky and seemed to only recognize that I connected a controller about every other time that I connected it. And when it did connect, I would get a warning message from Steam that it was unsure about what exactly to do with the controller. That said, it worked just fine when I used it in game (playing Enter the Gungeon).

This seems to be a common problem and I've seen a lot of suggestions on the internet. But so far nothing has worked.

Here are some of the things I've tried.

• updating my system software (It was already up-to-date.)
• updating my steam client (It was already up-to-date.)
• toggling which controllers are enabled in my Steam settings
• installing steam-devices (This for some reason seems to have deleted my steam-launcher. So I ended up reinstalling Steam. steam-devices is still there now.)
• toggling Steam Beta updates in my Steam settings
• toggling Big Picture mode in my Steam settings
• creating the file /lib/udev/rules.d/99-steam-controller-perms.rules with the following content

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="28de", MODE="0666"
# Steam Controller udev write access
KERNEL=="uinput", SUBSYSTEM=="misc", TAG+="uaccess"
# HTC Vive HID Sensor naming and permissioning

# Valve HID devices over USB hidraw
KERNEL=="hidraw*", ATTRS{idVendor}=="28de", MODE="0666"

# Valve HID devices over bluetooth hidraw
KERNEL=="hidraw*", KERNELS=="*28DE:*", MODE="0666" 

EDIT: I tried again. But this time I mashed some buttons on my controller and it worked! I've tested this a few times now and it seems to still be working, but I can't tell which buttons are doing the magic trick. Whatever I did certainly improved the situation though. Now when I'm connected, Steam doesn't even give any warnings about my controller.

I'm slightly embarrassed that all I needed was a little button mashing, but this was never needed before. So, so it was quite unexpected for me. Anyway, I'll leave this up in case anyone else finds it useful.

I installed Ubuntu 24.04 three months ago, and now notice:

$ ls -l /swap.img 
-rw------- 1 root root 8589934592 Nov 15 14:11 /swap.img

That looks like an 8 Gbyte file that has never been used.

The system itself has 32 Gbytes of RAM and runs continuously except when deliberately rebooted.

The file is much too small to save all of memory (e.g. for "suspend", which I never do).

Why did the installation choose that size, and what is the point in having more than a small token swap file?

Trying to use this:

A third option is to do a re-install of the operating system but do not format and just 'overwrite' your existing installation. Boot to the install media and go through the install process as usual.When you get to the partitioner to allocate drive space, depending on the version you are installing check the box marked 'Manually select partitions' or 'Something else' and click forward. Use the SAME user name and password as the existing account when setting up again. Find your existing installation and you must UNCHECK all the 'format' boxes and mount the partitions in the same place they are now. As long as no 'format' boxes are checked, no data will be lost in your home folder and the system files will be overwritten with the originals. You should then complete all system updates again.

but I get to here using Ubuntu 24.04.3 Desktop AMD64 iso on bootable USB:

and can go no further using these instructions... my Ubuntu location to re-install to is sda5, which I can mount at /, but it won't let me uncheck the format box - so probably the wrong mount point to do this - other options are:

/boot

/home

/tmp

which should I select?

I have flashed Ubuntu and followed all of the steps online to install. I've tried both normal and safe boot options as well as some GRUB commands to try and get Ubuntu to boot and install on my machine. Every time I attempt to get Ubuntu to boot and install I get a black screen or a couple of lines pop up and then it freezes. Where am I going wrong?

My model PC is an HP P7 1235 with an AMD A8-5500 APU with a Radeon graphics card and the BIOS I have is JAS_707.rom v7.07

This is for Ubuntu 24.04.04 LTS

On initial boot error msg "Kernel Panic Please reboot your computer VPS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown - block (0:0) OS is Ubuntu Linux 6.14.0-37 generic. Computer is a 2013 MacBook Air, Intel chip 5, 1.8 Gbt memory. Apple OS overwritten when Linux loaded.

Advanced Linux load using the above generic or recovery mode results in successful boot. But shutting down and restart back to the error message. Problem started when my web browser Opera updated today; has been OK for months with updates. Additional Information The version of Ubuntu I am using is 24.04.3 LTS (Hope that helps)

$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
[sudo] password for bruce-ott: 
Setting up linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j4 KERNELRELEASE=6.17.0-14-generic KVER=6.17.0-14-generic...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/broadcom-sta-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.17.0-14-generic/x86_64 failed for broadcom-sta(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
 * dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
   ...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic (--configure):
 installed linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 11
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04:
 linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 depends on linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic; however:
  Package linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic-hwe-24.04:
 linux-generic-hwe-24.04 depends on linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 (= 6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1); however:
  Package linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-generic-hwe-24.04 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (6.17.0-14.14~24.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j4 KERNELRELEASE=6.17.0-14-generic KVER=6.17.0-14-generic...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/broadcom-sta-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.17.0-14-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/broadcom-sta/6.30.223.271/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.17.0-14-generic/x86_64 failed for broadcom-sta(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
 * dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.17.0-14-generic
   ...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic (--configure):
 installed linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 11
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-headers-6.17.0-14-generic
 linux-headers-generic-hwe-24.04
 linux-generic-hwe-24.04
 linux-image-6.17.0-14-generic

Daniel, Many thanks for your help. The problem I finally determined is the update of Ubuntu failed after partial update. I don't have a vendor unless you call Ubuntu the vendor. Reminds a lot of my experience with Windows (despite Jack Wallen's assurances that Linux is different). I'll just see if the folks responsible for Ubuntu updates come up with a fix. I'm just a computer operator--probably a bad candidate for Linux. My little Mac Book ticked along until the OS was outdated with nary a hickup. Happy Valentines Day Bruce Thanks for the correction. Yes most help from David.

I added the clamav user to sudo group:

$ groups clamav
clamav : clamav sudo

When I reload, it gives me permission problem

$ clamd reload
ERROR: Failed to open log file /var/log/clamav/clamav.log: Permission denied  
ERROR: Can't initialize the internal logger

Even when I use sudo, which should not be necessary because clamav is in the sudo group !

$ sudo clamd reload
ERROR: Fri Feb 13 11:35:24 2026
LOCAL: Socket file /etc/clamav/clamd.ctl could not be bound: Permission denied*

I do not wish to change permissions on any of the important directories and introduce security problems. But I do wish to run Clam antivirus software as a daemon.

I recently cleared my laptop of Windows and installed Ubuntu Budgie 24.04.3 LTS. It is a 2018 Razer Blade 15 Adv. I have two problems.

1. I installed OpenRazer, which also includes enrolling a MOK. It seems to randomly forget the MOK. It cannot load OpenRazer until I re-enroll the MOK again. Is there something that would remove the MOK automatically?

2. Sometimes the system will lock up tight and I have to force reboot. The special key (PrtSc) to talk directly to the kernel doesn't work to reboot. I have to force power off. The special key works when not frozen. Also with this comes the MOK being removed from the boot and OpenRazer not loading. Where would I look to figure out what is causing these lock ups? I have checked the logs, but nothing jumps out.

I am using TP-Link's built-in OpenVPN server. It is as simple as setting the port, subnet, and netmask. The VPN works great using the OpenVPN client on my Windows computers and my Andriod phones, but I have not been able to sucessfully use is on my Ubuntu box.

I'm using a fresh 24.04 and the GUI to import a VPN connection. I import the ovpn file, it creates a ca.pem, cert.pem, and a key.pem.

When I try to conect to the VPN it just times out. I don't see a log in /var/logs/openvpn

Any help would be great. Here is the ovpn file that my TP-link router generates:

client
dev tun
proto udp
float
nobind
cipher AES-128-CBC
comp-lzo adaptive
resolv-retry infinite
remote-cert-tls server
persist-key
persist-tun
remote <ddns.org> 1195
<ca>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
</ca>
<cert>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
</cert>
<key>
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
...
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
</key>

I have an issue with my Ethernet connection on Ubuntu 22.04. I have a dual boot system with Windows 11, and the Ethernet connection works fine on Windows (the port LED lights up, and I get a stable connection), however when I switch to Ubuntu the Ethernet connection doesn't work, and the LED on the Ethernet port doesn't light up at all.

Here's some information about my system:

• Network card: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller

• Ubuntu version: 22.04 Jammy Jellyfish

What I've tried:

• I ran lshw -C network and the Ethernet interface (enp4s0) is listed.

• I tried restarting NetworkManager with sudo service NetworkManager restart.

Unfortunately, I can’t use apt or install new drivers directly as I don’t have internet access on Ubuntu.

I'm wondering if I need to manually install a driver for the Realtek Ethernet card. If so, could someone guide me on how to install it without an internet connection, or suggest any other possible solutions?

I'm getting the following error for a couple of commands I'm trying to run AND I don't know the password whenever I'm prompted for that. (note: I just updated my ubuntu distribution to 22.04, but I previously didn't have a password set/had an empty password for 'root').

error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (13)'

It seems from most posts that the common issue is that mysql-server isn't actually running. I can see that mine is running, though, with sudo service mysql status and the following commands return...

$ cat /etc/services | grep 3306
    mysql           3306/tcp
$  netstat -tulpn | grep 3306
    (No info could be read for "-p": geteuid()=1000 but you should be root.)
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:33060         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN  

These commands are giving the "Can't connect..." error:

• mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
• mysqladmin version
• mysql
• mysql -u root
• mysql -u root -h localhost -p

Running mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -p seems to work in that it prompts me for a password, but none of my prior passwords are working and I have not been able to run sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & or sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking & successfully to reset the root password.

I have also run...

• sudo apt-get install --reinstall mysql-server
• sudo apt update
• sudo apt upgrade
• sudo apt install mysql-server
• sudo apt install mysql-client
• sudo usermod -d /var/lib/mysql/ mysql
• sudo dpkg --configure -a
• and followed the recommendations from the top two answers on this post: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41984956/cant-reset-root-password-with-skip-grant-tables-on-ubuntu-16
• and tried to uninstall MySQL by following directions here
• and tried to back up the sock folder and restore it as advised here

Additional random info:

I also know that /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock did exist earlier in this process (I only have mysql.bak in that directory now), but when I run sudo find / -type s, it just returns a bunch of files/directories with "Permission Denied" (I assume because I'm in WSL), so I haven't checked that there could be another mysql.sock somewhere.

I also know that /etc/mysql/my.cnf is just pointing to -> /etc/alternatives/my.cnf, which only has the following in it (other than some comments):

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

I am using a USB-C AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet network adapter with Ubunutu 22.04 on a Dell XPS. When I plug the adapter in it is not configured by NetworkManager. If I boot the laptop with it in place it works or if I suspend on resume it will configure it. It also works on Fedora. It looks like this;

sudo lshw -c network
...
*-network DISABLED
       description: Ethernet interface
       physical id: f
       bus info: usb@2:3
       logical name: eth0
       serial: f8:e4:3b:5e:01:9f
       size: 10Mbit/s
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       capabilities: ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=ax88179_178a driverversion=5.15.0-27-generic duplex=half link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s

After suspend / resume

    sudo lshw -c network
  ...
  *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       physical id: f
       bus info: usb@2:3
       logical name: enxf8e43b5e019f
       serial: f8:e4:3b:5e:01:9f
       size: 1Gbit/s
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       capabilities: ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=ax88179_178a driverversion=5.15.0-27-generic duplex=full ip=192.168.1.125 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed`

Looking at logs it appears to be detected but not get past being renamed from eth0 to xxxxx

Seems like a bug to me?

I have a dual boot computer with Kubuntu 20.04 and win 10 on my system. I have a total of 4 partitions in windows. One for C drive and rest for my personal files (D drive, E drive,and F drive). These partitions are working perfectly fine in windows.

But when I log into Kubuntu, I can only see C drive and D drive. I am unable to locate E drive and F drive.

I have hybrid storage on my system (HDD - 1 TB and SSD - 512 GB). Both the OS are installed on SSD and HDD contains the D, E, and F drive. The sda1 and sda2 are not E drive and F drive.

Results of lsblk-f:

(base) guest@kubuntu:~$ lsblk -f
NAME        FSTYPE   LABEL    UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
loop0       squashfs                                                     0   100% /snap/core/9665
loop1       squashfs                                                     0   100% /snap/hello-world/29
loop2       squashfs                                                     0   100% /snap/core/9804
sda
├─sda1
├─sda2
└─sda3      ntfs     Others   5EDEC2FDDEC2CC89                      315.3G     5% /media/guest/Others
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1 ntfs     Recovery 8AAA9C2CAA9C1733
├─nvme0n1p2 vfat              E0A0-4AA3                              63.3M    34% /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p3
├─nvme0n1p4 swap              df04ebcf-17f4-46fe-85e3-2a5ba5198cd6                [SWAP]
├─nvme0n1p5 ntfs              7070B8F770B8C55E                      216.6G    28% /media/guest/7070B8F770B8C55E
└─nvme0n1p6 ext4              daa05abd-23a8-420e-aa40-6c6470956464  133.4G    10% /
(base) guest@kubuntu:~$

I have followed this reddit thread on how to backup and restore an ubuntu filesystem. When I try to boot the USB after restoring the backup with the following command:

sudo tar -xpzf /media/d/backup.tar.gz -C / --numeric-owner (where d is my pendrive)

I boot with the following errors:

Initramfs unpacking failed: decoding failed
Found HC with no IRQ. Check BIOS/PCI 0000:
init 0000:00:1a.0 fail, -19
overlayfs: filesystem on /var/lib/docker/overlay2... not supported as upperdir

When I access the terminal with ctrl alt f4 I can access the backed-up user and the files. But I can't apt-get as there is no wireless service when I check ifconfig -a, only lo and enp2s0.

Another point of interest is the /dev/loop0 filesystem is 100% used and mounted on /rofs (which I have never seen before).

I also get error messages when logging into the backed-up user, with multiple permission denied in /etc/update-motd.d/... and /usr/lib/update-notifier/... and mount `/lib/x86_64... MOUNT_2.33 not found (required by mount)

I'm at a loss as to how to correctly boot or restore the backup. The ubuntu loading screen appears with the disk being checked but that is the only GUI seen.

Does anyone have any suggestions to solve it?

I'm following these instructions to make a debian.img in a ubuntu 18.04 on a virtual box build

1. On the PC, create a folder and generate a formatted, mountable image.
2. Install a Debian Buster linux inside the chroot environment with the debootstrap command.
3. Upload this image (debian.img) to your web server to download it later

The link to the site here

mkdir -p webkey/tutorial
cd webkey/tutorial
dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img bs=1024 count=614400
sudo mkfs.ext2 -F debian.img
sudo tune2fs -c0 debian.img
mkdir debian
sudo mount -o loop debian.img debian/
sudo debootstrap --verbose --foreign --arch armel buster debian http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian
sudo chroot debian
export LC_ALL=C
debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage

I have done everything upto

sudo chroot debian

When i enter this it gives me

chroot: failed to run command '/bin/bash': No such file or directory

I have read all the posts about chroot and this error none of these solutions does not seem to work for me. Or maybe I am doing something wrong.

Thanks for your time and expertise.

I want to connect my external monitor with my laptop using an USB to HDMI device, a Fresco Logic inc. FL2000 USB to HDMI adapter (identified by lsusb as Bus 002 Device 005: ID 1d5c:2000), but I don't know how to get it work with Ubuntu 18.04.

How do I use that adapter to send video to an HDMI monitor?

client side:

iperf -c 10.0.1.5 -u
Client connecting to 10.0.1.5, UDP port 5001
Sending 1470 byte datagrams, IPG target: 11215.21 us
UDP buffer size: 9.00 KByte (default)
[ 28] local 10.0.1.2 port 10055 connected with 10.0.1.5 port 5001
[ 28] WARNING: did not receive ack of last datagram after 10 tries.
[ ID] Interval       Transfer     Bandwidth
[ 28]  0.0-10.0 sec  1.25 MBytes  1.05 Mbits/sec
[ 28] Sent 893 datagrams
[/] #

In server side does not show anything.

I can ping from both sides.I am using iPerf version 2.0.13. It is software problem, how to recover it?

If run the command prime-select query it returns nvidia, however if I run nvidia-smi it looks like my Nvidia processor is not being used.

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 410.73       Driver Version: 410.73       CUDA Version: 10.0     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce GTX 105...  Off  | 00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   52C    P3     N/A /  N/A |      0MiB /  4042MiB |      0%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID   Type   Process name                             Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|  No running processes found                                                 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

I can't use nvidia-settings to diagnose because for some reason it won't open on my computer. If this is a Wayland issue, well Gnome crashes immediately with Xorg when I have 410 nvidia driver installed.

If I run dmesg | grep nvidia I get the following output:

nico@nico-XPS-15-9570:~$ dmesg | grep nvidia
[    0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19.1-041901-generic root=UUID=899fc278-6886-4423-a1c5-002e2f3267b2 ro quiet splash mem_sleep_default=deep nouveau.modeset=0 nvidia-drm.modeset=1 vt.handoff=1
[    0.111062] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19.1-041901-generic root=UUID=899fc278-6886-4423-a1c5-002e2f3267b2 ro quiet splash mem_sleep_default=deep nouveau.modeset=0 nvidia-drm.modeset=1 vt.handoff=1
[    2.401559] nvidia: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
[    2.401565] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel.
[    2.418952] nvidia: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel
[    2.425837] nvidia-nvlink: Nvlink Core is being initialized, major device number 236
[    2.426012] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: enabling device (0006 -> 0007)
[    2.531250] nvidia-modeset: Loading NVIDIA Kernel Mode Setting Driver for UNIX platforms  410.73  Sat Oct 20 22:08:51 CDT 2018
[    3.063889] [drm] [nvidia-drm] [GPU ID 0x00000100] Loading driver
[    4.517742] [drm] Initialized nvidia-drm 0.0.0 20160202 for 0000:01:00.0 on minor 1
[    5.067613] nvidia-uvm: Loaded the UVM driver in 8 mode, major device number 234
nico@nico-XPS-15-9570:~$

If I run inxi -G I get the following output:

nico@nico-XPS-15-9570:~$ inxi -G  
Graphics:  Card-1: Intel Device 3e9b  
           Card-2: NVIDIA GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile]  
           Display Server: wayland (X.Org 1.19.6 )  
           drivers: modesetting,nvidia (unloaded: fbdev,vesa,nouveau)  
           Resolution: 1920x1080@59.96hz  
           OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel HD Graphics (Coffeelake 3x8 GT2)
           version: 4.5 Mesa 18.0.5

I'm having troubles with wifi. I'm using a MacBook Pro 7,1 with a Broadcom 4322 wireless interface, and it theoretically works, but it's not showing any networks.

rfkill says that nothing is blocked, the module is up, and iwlist says that there are 32 channels available but doesn't find any networks when it scans.

Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!

UPDATE: So if the laptop is plugged in via ethernet, and then I reboot, I can get a wireless connection. If it's not, though, then I can't get anything. Very odd.

UPDATE II: Scratch that, it appears to be entirely random... buh.

Many folks have been asking to remove the top round corners on windows in gnome 3. I want to extend it to the bottom corners as well. Wondering if it is possible? There is a similar question asked before but it wasn't intended for the default adwaita theme which gnome 3 uses. I found the file /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css which contains some radius stuff but I am not good at it. Wondering if someone knows how to round the bottom corners.

I'm using Ubuntu 15.04 with MD RAID1, LVM and LXC on top of them as a web server. I have normal load average about 1-2, and all is working well until I perform any massive IO operation. The strange thing is that I'm doing these operations on unused disks. So, for example, sdc and sdd are in RAID1 used by web server and I'm doing dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb, or just simply running du. After a few seconds, the load average jumps to 10 and more and the system became almost unusable. Nmon shows that all disks became overloaded, and if I don't stop the operation, overloading will continue to grow.

I'm attaching screenshots of nmon.

Overload with dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb:

Output of uname:

... 3.19.0-39-generic #44-Ubuntu SMP Tue Dec 1 14:39:05 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

I have changed disk configuration, replaced system disks with more robust HGST. System disk aliases have been changed after the system rebooting.

Output of lsblk:

NAME                     FSTYPE              SIZE MOUNTPOINT
sda                                          1,8T 
├─sda1                                         1M 
├─sda2                   linux_raid_member    50G 
│ └─md0                  LVM2_member          50G 
│   ├─system-swap        swap                 10G [SWAP]
│   └─system-root        ext4                 40G /
└─sda3                   linux_raid_member 881,5G 
  └─md1                  LVM2_member       881,4G 
    ├─lxc-hosting        ext3                450G 
    ├─lxc-ns1-real                             1G 
    │ ├─lxc-ns1          ext3                  1G 
    │ └─lxc-ns1--snap6   ext3                  1G 
    └─lxc-ns1--snap6-cow                       1G 
      └─lxc-ns1--snap6   ext3                  1G 
sdb                                          1,8T 
├─sdb1                                         1M 
├─sdb2                   linux_raid_member    50G 
│ └─md0                  LVM2_member          50G 
│   ├─system-swap        swap                 10G [SWAP]
│   └─system-root        ext4                 40G /
├─sdb3                   linux_raid_member 881,5G 
│ └─md1                  LVM2_member       881,4G 
│   ├─lxc-hosting        ext3                450G 
│   ├─lxc-ns1-real                             1G 
│   │ ├─lxc-ns1          ext3                  1G 
│   │ └─lxc-ns1--snap6   ext3                  1G 
│   └─lxc-ns1--snap6-cow                       1G 
│     └─lxc-ns1--snap6   ext3                  1G 
└─sdb4                   ext4              931,5G 
sdc                      linux_raid_member 931,5G 
└─md2                    LVM2_member       931,4G 
  └─reserve-backups      ext4              931,4G /var/backups/mounted
sdd                      linux_raid_member 931,5G 
└─md2                    LVM2_member       931,4G 
  └─reserve-backups      ext4              931,4G /var/backups/mounted

Output of lsscsi:

[0:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      HGST HUS726020AL W517  /dev/sda 
[1:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      HGST HUS726020AL W517  /dev/sdb 
[2:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      WDC WD1002FBYS-0 0C06  /dev/sdc 
[3:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      WDC WD1002FBYS-0 0C06  /dev/sdd 

I have performed new test with pv < /dev/zero > /dev/md2.

Now the situation is better. Operation on disks sdc and sdd still affects performance of sda, but the load average keeps on 6-7 and the system is not overloaded. Now I think I understand what may be the reason for the issue. Since sda and sdb (as parts of RAID) are used for web server, they have constant stream of parallel requests. Hard disks have to constantly move their heads thereby reducing IO performance, but the system IO cache (I believe Linux uses all free memory for this purpose) helps to minimize the number of disk accesses. When I begin to intensively use other disks, the cache becomes filled with new data. That is why this increases the load on the main disks. If I'm right, increasing the amount of RAM will help. Now it's only 16 GB.

I am using 14.04 and installed isc-dhcp-server in my Ubuntu. Here is my DHCP configuration:

INTERFACES="eth0"

allow booting;
allow bootp;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.200;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
    option routers 192.168.1.1;
    option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
    filename "/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0";
}

When I check this:

ashokkrishna@ashokkrishna-Lenovo-B560:~$ dhcpd -t /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf: interface name too long (is 20)

And I tried to boot in PXE in remote system I failed. How to solve this?

PXE-E51: No DHCP or proxyDHCP offers were received.

PXE-M0F: Exiting Broadcom ROM.

/etc/network/interfaces configuration:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
  address 192.168.1.9
  gateway 192.168.1.1
  netmask 255.255.255.0

auto br0
iface br0 inet static
        address 192.168.1.101
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        network 192.168.1.0
        broadcast 192.168.1.255
        gateway 192.168.1.1
        bridge_ports eth0
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_maxwait 5

ifconfig details:

br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr f0:de:f1:a4:ec:87  
          inet addr:192.168.1.101  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr f0:de:f1:a4:ec:87  
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:3929 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3929 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:380900 (380.9 KB)  TX bytes:380900 (380.9 KB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 74:de:2b:e2:94:c6  
          inet addr:192.168.43.9  Bcast:192.168.43.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::76de:2bff:fee2:94c6/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:10941 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:13954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:3537434 (3.5 MB)  TX bytes:1880208 (1.8 MB)

I always worked on Microsoft Windows (latest one was Windows 7), but changed to Linux one year ago.

I used to run Logitech Media Server on Windows and also on Lubuntu without any problem. Smoothly installed.

Several months ago, I changed to Ubuntu 14.04 (because no more updates on Lubuntu version I had) and again installed the Logitech Media Server. Checked that the service is indeed running. But I'm not able to open the web interface on my localhost port 9000. "Not available."

I read on the Internet that perhaps the 32-bit version had to do with it so now I installed the 64-bit version of Ubuntu 14.04. But remains the same. Is there anything I overlooked?

I'm entirely new to Linux/Ubuntu so please bear with me.

I currently have Windows 7 32Bit and wanted to install Ubuntu. I used the installation off the website and copied it onto my bootable USB. As I installed Ubuntu it says I need to reboot my system - so I did.

As I try to boot up in Ubuntu it just simply says 'MBR-helper missing' and nothing else, however, it lets me boot back up in Windows fine.

Is there a way to get around or repair this error? I can't find a clear answer on forums.

Is this error because I copied it into my USB? Or is this a common yet fixable problem?

Please help.