I recently ran into an internal error which Ubuntu handled gracefully and Whoopsie sent it to errors.ubuntu.com (Daisy?). It happened a couple of times and I think I have narrowed down on what exactly causes the crash (i.e. I am able to successfully reproduce the issue).

Now, is there a way for me to convert that error report into a bug on Launchpad, since I now know what sequence of actions exactly is causing it? Asking because, it already has reasonably good information that might be useful to the developers.

I can modify the priority of a package by creating a preferences fragment in /etc/apt/preferences.d/ and giving it content like

Package: *
Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
Pin-Priority: 1000

where the Pin-Priority (presumably) gives this package higher priority than other sources, like the standard Ubuntu repos.

Where is the default preference information for the standard Ubuntu repos, though? The manpages have extensive information, but under the "APT's Default Priority Assignments" section they don't actually say where these values are stored on the system. They make reference to /etc/apt/apt.conf and /etc/apt/preferences, but neither of these files exist on either of two fresh 24.04 systems I've looked at.

On these fresh systems, the /etc/apt/preferences.d/ fragment folder contains only fragments for the Extended Support repos, not the standard defaults:

$ ls /etc/apt/preferences.d
total 8.0K
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 437 Apr  2  2024 ubuntu-pro-esm-apps
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 429 Apr  2  2024 ubuntu-pro-esm-infra

Where are default APT preferences found on Ubuntu 24.04?

I have an old computer with an i915 Intel graphics chipset. I started to get flickering problem which appeared in 2025, most notably with right-click pop-up boxes; also when using Chrome browser (not eg Firefox). Also cursor was mis-positioning in text edit boxes (most Apps).

I'm using Anduinos 1.1 (Ubuntu 24.04) based on GNOME 46.0. I'd like to know how to make Nautilus open automatically when I plug in my USB drive. I've already tried these commands, but they don't work: gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount true and gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount-open true

My Ubuntu 23.04.2 has died. I have been running it on a Lenovo Thinkpad T420. I can't get out of the emergency mode.

Will the new Ubuntu run on this laptop? It isn't listed on the Certified list.

I'm incredibly new to Linux & up until this issue, things have been running fairly smoothly. I don't know much about the terminal but I got PureAudio set & my microphone reads as unplugged, it seems like none of the suggested answers from similar questions have an effect. My internal microphone had no problems on Windows.

Like I said, I'm really new to Linux but I can tell you if I've tried something suggested I did a lot of this at 1am this morning so apologies for the lack of information - I've tried running these steps from the Lenovo Forum multiple times, though it's not the same model as my laptop or the same version of Ubuntu.

https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/ThinkPad-11e-Windows-13-E-and-Edge-series-Laptops/Microphone-not-working-recognized/m-p/5354000?page=1#6510158

I've also tried everything suggested here except changing the input channel because I'm given an error message that lists that command as unavailable

https://candid.technology/ubuntu-microphone-not-working/#google_vignette

I also tried updating my kernel & it looks as if my laptop doesn't have a corresponding kernel (ALC287 if I'm not mistaken)

Here's what I'm seeing with settings Microphone showing as unplugged // Input showing as unplugged & unavailable // Input showing as 'no input devices'

Thank you in advance!

I just moved over from Windows 11, where Win + P allowed me to quickly cycle through my options of using either monitor, or both. At the moment whenever I don't need my second monitor (or need it for something else). I have to manually disable it via the settings. I searched online for a command that would allow me to run it as an shortcut and found <xrandr --output HDMI-1 --off> (xrandr -q lists my screens as DP-3 an HDMI-1). When I put it in however, I get the following error message:

X Error of failed request:  BadMatch (invalid parameter attributes)
  Major opcode of failed request:  139 (RANDR)
  Minor opcode of failed request:  7 (RRSetScreenSize)
  Serial number of failed request:  26
  Current serial number in output stream:  28

All the solutions for this that I found all relate to changing the screen resolution, which is not what I'm trying to do, even though the error message also seems to think that.

After a 22.04 -> 24.04 upgrade app centre was availble. But there were updates available. However, pressing the "update" button generated a conflict. I managed to update via terminal via snap-store --quit sudo snap refresh but then, all attempts to run

snap-store

give:

Gtk-Message: 19:17:49.271: Not loading module "atk-bridge": The functionality is provided by GTK natively. Please try to not load it. No provider of glFenceSync found. Requires one of: Desktop OpenGL 3.2 GL_ARB_sync OpenGL ES 3.0 GL_APPLE_sync Aborted (core dumped)

I just switched over from Windows to Ubuntu on my laptop. It has an NVIDIA discrete GPU and an AMD iGPU.

I used to fix the built-in display's terrible calibration using AMD's software to turn the temperature up to 8000K and messing with the gamma.

I found this was also possible in Ubuntu using the redshift and xgamma utilities, however, after adding this to a new file in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-igpu.conf, (force X server to use the iGPU) they just stopped working.

Section "Device"
   Identifier "AMD iGPU"
   Driver "amdgpu"
   BusID "PCI:64:0:0"
   Option "PrimaryGPU" "true"
EndSection

The following happens when I run the utilities now:

$ xgamma -rgamma 0.95
-> Red  1.000, Green  1.000, Blue  1.000
<- Red  1.000, Green  1.000, Blue  1.000
$ redshift -O 8000
// nothing happens

This resembles my experience with these utilities on Fedora KDE Plasma, using Wayland, although they worked on X11.

I know there are such a panel add-on for Xfce, but I wonder, if there is one for the latest default Ubuntu or any other desktop environment using Wayland.

How to resize the display of the save window under Ubuntu 24.04? The file names are overlapping in "list view" mode.

The problem started when I upgraded to Ubuntu 24.04. When I try to save an article, the existent files displayed thru this windows are not visible. please see the attached screenshot. Thanks.

I would like sed do something to each line of a file.

• if line is NOT blank, do something, (insert prefix_01 before line text),

• if line is blank, (including spaces, tabs or whatever not printable), do something else, (insert prefix_02 before line text).

This is my code:

f1="f1.txt"

printf "line ONE\n \t \nline THREE  \t\n" > "$f1"

prefix_01="everything good.. "
prefix_02="NOT good !! "

cat "$f1" | sed -E 's/^/'"$prefix_01"'/'

will produce the following output:

everything good.. line ONE
everything good..
everything good.. line THREE

but I would like to have the following output (with prefix_02 in case of blank lines):

everything good.. line ONE
NOT good !! 
everything good.. line THREE

I would like sed to test if line is empty or not, then do action_01 or action_02.

• if NOT empty line, action_01, (print prefix_01 + text of the line).
• if empty line, action_02, (print prefix_02 + contents of the line).

Any help?

I had docker running on my LTS 24.04 system that I had installed from the docker site--not the snap version from Ubuntu. However, I had not installed the docker-compose script (didn't know it wasn't included by default). Anyway, I naively tried to grab it using apt-get and suddenly I have the snap version of docker. This caused all kinds of problems, and I'd like to get rid of it, and start over.

I thought this would be easy, but my computer just hangs whenever I try

sudo snap docker disable
sudo snap remove docker    # have tried with and without --purge

After running the command, I check on the process with

ps aux | grep snap

and see 2 processes that are in interruptible sleep mode (STAT Ss and S+) with sudo, and another process by root that has STAT Sl+, i.e, they are waiting on something...

I've tried killing the process and that causes snap to stop with

error: Change finished in status  Hold with no error message.

I can reset the snap demon following the solution here

How can I force remove a snap

But even after resetting the snap daemon, when I execute

sudo snap remove --purge docker

I'm back to a hung system.

I can see that the docker service and docker.socket are stopped, so that should not be why the snap.daemon is waiting.

@Rinzwind: No the service is not active. The system attempts to load it, but fails.

This did prompt me to remove the manually installed version of docker. That eliminates the docker service from even trying to start (it was broken since the snap install) since nothing is installed anymore. However, I still cannot get rid of the snap docker version. Even after reboot and cleaning the snapd/state.json activity related to previous attempts to remove docker.

snap changes yields

docker   28.4.0   3377   latest/stable    canonical✓  disabled

sudo systemctl status docker

yields

Unit docker.service could not be found.

docker.socket is also not running.

Edit#2 @Rinzwind. As expected dpkg found nothing and most of the directories were empty. However, I did purge /var/lib/containerd and .docker

The zombie remove processes did not awake, so I tried rebooting and remove again. I had to clean the json state again, but no luck afterwards.

Is there a more manual (drastic) way to remove snap app from the system? I just need the snap version gone because I'd rather not blow up my system just to get rid of a snap app, but I need docker. I'm really surprised this is so hard because I thought the whole point of snap apps was that they were containerized and "easy to remove". ha. Any suggestions?

When I attempt to run any of my VirtualBox VMs I get the error:

VirtualBox can't enable the AMD-V extension. Please disable the KVM kernel extension, recompile your kernel and reboot (VERR_SVM_IN_USE).

Here's the entire list of services running on my machine:

colord.service                                        loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
  colord.service                                        loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
  colord.service                                        loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
  containerd.service                                    loaded active running containerd container runtime
  cron.service                                          loaded active running Regular background program processing daemon
  cups-browsed.service                                  loaded active running Make remote CUPS printers available locally
  cups.service                                          loaded active running CUPS Scheduler
  dbus.service                                          loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
  docker.service                                        loaded active running Docker Application Container Engine
  gnome-remote-desktop.service                          loaded active running GNOME Remote Desktop
  kerneloops.service                                    loaded active running Tool to automatically collect and submit kernel crash signatures
  ModemManager.service                                  loaded active running Modem Manager
  NetworkManager.service                                loaded active running Network Manager
  nvidia-persistenced.service                           loaded active running NVIDIA Persistence Daemon
  packagekit.service                                    loaded active running PackageKit Daemon
  polkit.service                                        loaded active running Authorization Manager
  power-profiles-daemon.service                         loaded active running Power Profiles daemon
  rsyslog.service                                       loaded active running System Logging Service
  rtkit-daemon.service                                  loaded active running RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
  sddm.service                                          loaded active running Simple Desktop Display Manager
  smartmontools.service                                 loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
  snap.canonical-livepatch.canonical-livepatchd.service loaded active running Service for snap application canonical-livepatch.canonical-livepatchd
  snapd.service                                         loaded active running Snap Daemon
  switcheroo-control.service                            loaded active running Switcheroo Control Proxy service
  systemd-journald.service                              loaded active running Journal Service
  systemd-logind.service                                loaded active running User Login Management
  systemd-oomd.service                                  loaded active running Userspace Out-Of-Memory (OOM) Killer
  systemd-resolved.service                              loaded active running Network Name Resolution
  systemd-timesyncd.service                             loaded active running Network Time Synchronization
  systemd-udevd.service                                 loaded active running Rule-based Manager for Device Events and Files
  udisks2.service                                       loaded active running Disk Manager
  unattended-upgrades.service                           loaded active running Unattended Upgrades Shutdown
  upower.service                                        loaded active running Daemon for power management
  user@1000.service                                     loaded active running User Manager for UID 1000
  wpa_supplicant.service                                loaded active running WPA supplicant

Is one of these causing the problem? I've actually killed docker.service with no help.

QEMU Works

I have some QEMU images and those still run.

Android Emulator

I can also still run the Android Emulator (from Android Studio).

Note -- of course I close those before trying to run the VirtualBox VM

Also, these VirtualBox VMs recently worked on this same system.

Can anyone give me an idea of why the VirtualBox VMs won't run now?

Things I've Tried

• updated VirtualBox to latest
• updated all software
• rebooted

Kernel Version

• Linux 6.14.0-24-generic
• #24~24.04.3-Ubuntu
• SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
• Mon Jul 7 16:39:17 UTC 2
• x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Found This Under CPU Details

Architecture:                         x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):                       32-bit, 64-bit
Address sizes:                        48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
Byte Order:                           Little Endian
CPU(s):                               16
On-line CPU(s) list:                  0-15
Vendor ID:                            AuthenticAMD
Model name:                           AMD Ryzen 7 9700X 8-Core Processor
CPU family:                           26
Model:                                68
Thread(s) per core:                   2
Core(s) per socket:                   8
Socket(s):                            1
Stepping:                             0
Frequency boost:                      enabled
CPU(s) scaling MHz:                   66%
CPU max MHz:                          5582.0000
CPU min MHz:                          600.0000
BogoMIPS:                             7585.25
Flags:                                fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good amd_lbr_v2 nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate ssbd mba perfmon_v2 ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced vmmcall fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local user_shstk avx_vnni avx512_bf16 clzero irperf xsaveerptr rdpru wbnoinvd cppc arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif x2avic v_spec_ctrl vnmi avx512vbmi umip pku ospke avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg avx512_vpopcntdq rdpid bus_lock_detect movdiri movdir64b overflow_recov succor smca fsrm avx512_vp2intersect flush_l1d amd_lbr_pmc_freeze
Virtualization:                       AMD-V

Do I need to turn Virtualization off in the BIOS?

But, I've been running VirtualBox VMs with that turned on for many months now?!?!

I have been using VirtualBox on every regular Ubuntu version from 18.10 to 25.04 as host, i.e. every six months upgrading my Ubuntu host system.

Previously, I never had this problem. But, starting with version 25.04 of Ubuntu, every time I try to start a virtual machine, VirtualBox (ver. 7.0.20_Ubuntu r163906) gives me the error:

VirtualBox can't operate in VMX root mode. Please disable the KVM kernel extension, recompile your kernel and reboot (VERR_VMX_IN_VMX_ROOT_MODE).

This problem can be prevented by doing

# rmmod kvm_intel

before starting VirtualBox.

Why is this so? And what is the recommended action?

I want update BIOS with FreeDOS. I want to use Ubuntu to make a live USB for FreeDOS. I tried using UNetbootin, but I can not install UNetbootin in Ubuntu 22.04.

How can I make a live USB image image for FreeDOS in Ubuntu 22.04?

When I try to add ppa repository to Ubuntu within my company network

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa 

I get

Cannot add PPA: 'ppa:~deadsnakes/ubuntu/ppa'.
ERROR: '~deadsnakes' user or team does not exist

the same command works outside the company network so I suppose it is a matter of proxy settings. For apt get I set up a config file with

Acquire {
  HTTP::proxy "http://123.456.789.10:81/";
  HTTPS::proxy "http://123.456.789.10:81/";
}

and with that all the sudo apt install work also within the company network.

Following https://stackoverflow.com/questions/75557686/cannot-add-ppa-deadsnakes-to-ubuntu-18-04-behind-company-proxy I tried: sudo apt-get install --reinstall ca-certificates set up an environment variable with export HTTPS_PROXY=http://@123.456.789.10:81 then run sudo -E add-apt-repository ppa:ppaname/ppa but I get the same error

Python imports are extremely slow. Some examples include:

• pandas ~ 8s
• numpy ~ 4s
• ants ~ 40-120s (larger package named antspyx)

My collegues use the exact same hardware, but for them it runs much faster (factor 10). I believe the problem arose when upgrading to ubuntu 20.04. This upgrade caused some problems with the distutils associated with python3.6. In my quest to fix this problem, I might have messed something up. Maybe the problem extends beyond python as Spyder (an otherwise lightweight IDE) takes up to 5 minutes to start. Any help on how to debug this would be greatly appreciated. So far I have tried this:

• Updating ubuntu and python packages
• Rebooting ubuntu
• Running "top" to spot other processes that might steal cpu or memory resources
• Using tuna to analyze the import time of ants. The results revealed no single culprit to the long import time

I've installed Virt-Manager on Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop using the same tasks used on the 19.10. With this last one I didn't have any issue but on 20.04 when I try to create a VM on an external HDD I receive this issue:

Unable to complete install: 'Cannot access storage file '/media/user/Storage' (as uid:64055, gid:108): Permission denied'

Seeing the details there is this

Unable to complete install: 'Cannot access storage file '/media/dakne/vStorage/VM/ubuntu20.04' (as uid:64055, gid:108): Permission denied'

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/asyncjob.py", line 75, in cb_wrapper
    callback(asyncjob, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/createvm.py", line 2089, in _do_async_install
    guest.installer_instance.start_install(guest, meter=meter)
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/install/installer.py", line 542, in start_install
    domain = self._create_guest(
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/install/installer.py", line 491, in _create_guest
    domain = self.conn.createXML(install_xml or final_xml, 0)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/libvirt.py", line 4034, in createXML
    if ret is None:raise libvirtError('virDomainCreateXML() failed', conn=self)
libvirt.libvirtError: Cannot access storage file '/media/dakne/vStorage/VM/ubuntu20.04' (as uid:64055, gid:108): Permission denied

I've already done chmod 'n chown but nothing!!!!

NOTE: I am not after themes... more just hacking what's here as its faster.

In Ubuntu 18.04 I am trying to change the grub.png/splash.png image, the one you see when GRUB asks you what system you want to boot up, Linux/Windows/etc.

I know how to give myself permissions over a whole folder and its files in usr/share/background/ (which is how I changed my login screen), but if I am going any place near GRUB I want to only give permissions to the actual image - not to GRUB or kernel or other files inside.

Ideas?

I have multiple .tgz kernel-panic logs that I must extract from one file. The timestamps for these .tgz files are important. Whenever I use the following: tar - zvxf paniclogs.tgz

-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   22359 Feb 22 15:03 kernel-panic-20190213020406-3.tgz
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   22971 Feb 22 15:03 kernel-panic-20190213020844-2.tgz
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   28344 Feb 22 15:03 kernel-panic-20190213101549-1.tgz
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   30683 Feb 22 15:03 kernel-panic-20190213154050-0.tgz

It extracts the logs but changes the timestamps to the date and time when I extracted them. This is not the case when I use Cygwin. I know there must be a way to extract these logs and preserve the time stamps. Can you please assist? Thank you.

EDIT: Now works, but please see comment below.

I have setup bind9 following this tutorial.

I am now able to ping my NS by name, as well as my main computer, each of which I correctly entered A & PTR records for. So, basically I have a working local DNS server. named-checkconf and named-checkzone don't give any errors for forward and reverse zones.

The issue is that when I configure the clients to use this DNS server, they "loose the internet". In my interpretation, my bind9 server only answers what is explicitly listed in his zones, but fails to forward the queries he isn't able to answer to.

named.conf.options does specify forwarders.

What configuration should I add to make my NS correctly forward to OpenDNS FamilyShield (my chosen authoritative DNS server in this case) ?

Thanks a lot

EDIT: To be clear, the aimed purpose of my NS should be to resolve local requests (aka, make me able to contact LAN machines by names), but to forward all "internet" requests to a bigger DNS server.

I want to install lightshot but acutally I am more interested in learning what the issue is of why when I have extracted the lightshot tar.gz file then from what I read all I need to do is find the ./config or ./configure or a script to run and install from there. Then people tell me to go to a readme file but there is one called readme.md but it is gibberish.

Here's what is inside the lightshot folder:

dialogs
lightscreen.pro
lightscreenwindow.h
README.md
updater images
lightscreen.qrc
lightscreenwindow.ui
sounds
version.pri LICENSE
lightscreenwindow.cpp
main.cpp
tools
widgets

So what am I missing? Why can't I install?

Also, being a newbie, can I ask why sometimes ./config and why ./configure?

I'm trying to unpack a pretty small rpm (5.5MB) according the instructions given here and elsewhere. It's an Oracle InstantClient, if that makes a difference, and I'm trying to install it from windows 10's linux subsystem

I've successfully installed alien, but the actual sudo alien command isn't terminating. I've tried it both plain (sudo alien filename.rpm) and with some suggested arguments (sudo alien -k --scripts filename.rpm), waited 15 minutes both times, and it still hangs.

In Ubuntu 16.04, install is failing with the following message:

error: unknown flag 'classic'

Performing a sudo snap install install conjure-up --beta fails with the message:

error: cannot perform the following tasks:
- Make snap "ubuntu-core" available to the system (no state entry for key)
- Mount snap "conjure-up" (snap "conjure-up" requires classic or confinement override)

I have gone into compizconfig's grid section and customized all the tiling commands.

When I was testing the commands, I didn't see that any of them effectively centered the screen.

I went into the window placement section and configured new windows to open centered. But if I move a window to the right side and then want to center it, I don't know how I should do that with a keyboard command. The "put center" will maximize it and "restore" will move it to its most recent position / size.

To summarize

say I have a window covering the right half of the screen. I want to keep the dimensions / size the same, but just center it.

I am using Ubuntu 14.04.3, kernel version 3.13.0-67 with an Atheros AR93xx Wifi card. Many of the times no wireless is detected during system boot. Below is the problem that I detected.

The wireless card should be detected as "Network Controller" by the kernel however it's detected as "Ethernet Controller" by the kernel. Below is the lspci -nn command log.

00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation ValleyView SSA-CUnit [8086:0f00] (rev 0e)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation ValleyView Gen7 [8086:0f31] (rev 0e)
00:13.0 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation ValleyView 6-Port SATA AHCI Controller [8086:0f23] (rev 0e)
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation ValleyView USB xHCI Host Controller [8086:0f35] (rev 0e)
00:1a.0 Encryption controller [1080]: Intel Corporation ValleyView SEC [8086:0f18] (rev 0e)
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation ValleyView High Definition Audio Controller [8086:0f04] (rev 0e)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation ValleyView PCI Express Root Port [8086:0f48] (rev 0e)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation ValleyView PCI Express Root Port [8086:0f4a] (rev 0e)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation ValleyView PCI Express Root Port [8086:0f4c] (rev 0e)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation ValleyView PCI Express Root Port [8086:0f4e] (rev 0e)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation ValleyView Power Control Unit [8086:0f1c] (rev 0e)
00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation ValleyView SMBus Controller [8086:0f12] (rev 0e)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:abcd] (rev 01)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0c)

Here's the syslog too which confirms that the device was detected wrong.

May 25 19:14:35 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208784] pci 0000:02:00.0: [168c:abcd] type 00 class 0x020000
May 25 19:14:35 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208807] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xd0700000-0xd071ffff 64bit]
May 25 19:14:35 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208846] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xd0720000-0xd072ffff pref]
May 25 19:14:35 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208901] pci 0000:02:00.0: supports D1
May 25 19:14:35 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208905] pci 0000:02:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D3hot
May 25 19:14:35 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208947] pci 0000:02:00.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI

If the wifi card is detected proper I should see following in lspci -nn output .

02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros AR93xx Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0030] (rev 01)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0c)

while below lines in syslog.

Apr  8 16:44:06 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208677] pci 0000:02:00.0: [168c:0030] type 00 class 0x028000
Apr  8 16:44:06 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208709] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xd0700000-0xd071ffff 64bit]
Apr  8 16:44:06 ubuntu kernel: [    0.208773] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xd0720000-0xd072ffff pref]

The solution I tried was to remove and rescan the device.

sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:02\:00.0/remove"
sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/rescan "

but this again shows the same thing . The wireless pci card still detects as Ethernet Controller. I understand that its detected by kernel in a wrong way but than what could be a best way to do a real rescan of the device(without a reboot) or force the kernel to detect the correct type of device.

Also below is the full log generated by wireless info script as recommended on Ubuntu forums .

########## wireless info START ##########

Report from: 30 May 2016 12:32 IST +0530

Booted last: 30 May 2016 11:40 IST +0530

Script from: 26 May 2016 21:56 UTC +0000

##### release ###########################

Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS
Release:    14.04
Codename:   trusty

##### kernel ############################

Linux 3.13.0-67-generic #110-Ubuntu SMP Fri Oct 23 13:24:41 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Parameters: ro, text

##### desktop ###########################

sed: can't read /home/ubuntu/.dmrc: No such file or directory

Could not be determined.

##### lspci #############################

02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:abcd] (rev 01)

03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0c)
    Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device [8086:2055]
    Kernel driver in use: r8169

##### lsusb #############################

Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

##### PCMCIA card info ##################

##### rfkill ############################

##### lsmod #############################

ath9k                 164164  0 
ath9k_common           13551  1 ath9k
ath9k_hw              453856  2 ath9k_common,ath9k
ath                    28698  3 ath9k_common,ath9k,ath9k_hw
mac80211              630728  1 ath9k
cfg80211              484040  3 ath,ath9k,mac80211

##### interfaces ########################

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.20.10
netmask 255.255.255.0

##### ifconfig ##########################

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr <MAC 'eth0' [IF1]>  
          inet addr:192.168.1.53  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::<IP6 'eth0' [IF1]>/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:5616 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:4084 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:707839 (707.8 KB)  TX bytes:3170000 (3.1 MB)

##### iwconfig ##########################

eth0      no wireless extensions.

lo        no wireless extensions.

##### route #############################

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0

##### resolv.conf #######################

nameserver 0.0.0.0
nameserver 127.0.0.1
nameserver 192.168.1.10
nameserver 127.0.0.1
search domain.name

##### network managers ##################

Installed:

    NetworkManager

Running:

    None found.

##### NetworkManager info ###############

** (process:3060): WARNING **: Could not initialize NMClient /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager: The name org.freedesktop.NetworkManager was not provided by any .service files

** (process:3060): WARNING **: error: could not connect to NetworkManager

NetworkManager Tool

State: unknown

##### NetworkManager.state ##############

[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true
WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=false
WimaxEnabled=true

##### NetworkManager.conf ###############

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
dns=dnsmasq

no-auto-default=<MAC address>,C0:3F:D5:69:4A:55,00:A0:C6:67:04:30,C0:3F:D5:69:72:1C,C0:3F:D5:69:0D:BD,B8:AE:ED:70:45:10,

[ifupdown]
managed=false

##### NetworkManager profiles ###########

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/Zaya Office 2 1]] (600 root)
[connection] id=Zaya Office 2 1 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=Zaya Office 2 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/my Office 3]] (600 root)
[connection] id=my Office 3 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=my Office 3 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/my Office1]] (600 root)
[connection] id=my Office1 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=my Office1 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/WRTD-303N_d2f567]] (600 root)
[connection] id=WRTD-303N_d2f567 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=WRTD-303N_d2f567 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv6] method=auto
[ipv4] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/Zaya Office 2]] (600 root)
[connection] id=Zaya Office 2 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=Zaya Office 2 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/office-3_2GEXT]] (600 root)
[connection] id=office-3_2GEXT | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=office-3_2GEXT | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/office-4]] (600 root)
[connection] id=office-4 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=office-4 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/office-3]] (600 root)
[connection] id=office-3 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=office-3 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

[[/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/office-3 1]] (600 root)
[connection] id=office-3 1 | type=802-11-wireless
[802-11-wireless] ssid=office-3 | mac-address=<MAC address>
[ipv4] method=auto
[ipv6] method=auto

##### iw reg get ########################

Region: Asia/Kolkata (based on set time zone)

country 00:
    (2402 - 2472 @ 40), (3, 20)
    (2457 - 2482 @ 40), (3, 20), PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS
    (2474 - 2494 @ 20), (3, 20), NO-OFDM, PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS
    (5170 - 5250 @ 40), (3, 20), PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS
    (5735 - 5835 @ 40), (3, 20), PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS

##### iwlist channels ###################

eth0      no frequency information.

lo        no frequency information.

##### iwlist scan #######################

eth0      Interface doesn't support scanning.

lo        Interface doesn't support scanning.

##### module infos ######################

[ath9k]
filename:       /lib/modules/3.13.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k.ko
license:        Dual BSD/GPL
description:    Support for Atheros 802.11n wireless LAN cards.
author:         Atheros Communications
srcversion:     E7A57F092F500DEC330BD56
depends:        ath9k_hw,mac80211,ath9k_common,cfg80211,ath
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.13.0-67-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 
signer:         Magrathea: Glacier signing key
sig_key:        2E:7A:AB:A0:3B:9A:BA:73:02:BA:CB:8F:81:3D:80:FF:AC:23:04:50
sig_hashalgo:   sha512
parm:           debug:Debugging mask (uint)
parm:           nohwcrypt:Disable hardware encryption (int)
parm:           blink:Enable LED blink on activity (int)
parm:           btcoex_enable:Enable wifi-BT coexistence (int)
parm:           bt_ant_diversity:Enable WLAN/BT RX antenna diversity (int)
parm:           ps_enable:Enable WLAN PowerSave (int)

[ath9k_common]
filename:       /lib/modules/3.13.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_common.ko
license:        Dual BSD/GPL
description:    Shared library for Atheros wireless 802.11n LAN cards.
author:         Atheros Communications
srcversion:     93644B269B570BC55CF5154
depends:        ath,ath9k_hw
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.13.0-67-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 
signer:         Magrathea: Glacier signing key
sig_key:        2E:7A:AB:A0:3B:9A:BA:73:02:BA:CB:8F:81:3D:80:FF:AC:23:04:50
sig_hashalgo:   sha512

[ath9k_hw]
filename:       /lib/modules/3.13.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_hw.ko
license:        Dual BSD/GPL
description:    Support for Atheros 802.11n wireless LAN cards.
author:         Atheros Communications
srcversion:     65C14EF588BF1A68181643C
depends:        ath
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.13.0-67-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 
signer:         Magrathea: Glacier signing key
sig_key:        2E:7A:AB:A0:3B:9A:BA:73:02:BA:CB:8F:81:3D:80:FF:AC:23:04:50
sig_hashalgo:   sha512

[ath]
filename:       /lib/modules/3.13.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath.ko
license:        Dual BSD/GPL
description:    Shared library for Atheros wireless LAN cards.
author:         Atheros Communications
srcversion:     88A67C5359B02C5A710AFCF
depends:        cfg80211
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.13.0-67-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 
signer:         Magrathea: Glacier signing key
sig_key:        2E:7A:AB:A0:3B:9A:BA:73:02:BA:CB:8F:81:3D:80:FF:AC:23:04:50
sig_hashalgo:   sha512

[mac80211]
filename:       /lib/modules/3.13.0-67-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko
license:        GPL
description:    IEEE 802.11 subsystem
srcversion:     CD516ABEC909374CB2C52DC
depends:        cfg80211
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.13.0-67-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 
signer:         Magrathea: Glacier signing key
sig_key:        2E:7A:AB:A0:3B:9A:BA:73:02:BA:CB:8F:81:3D:80:FF:AC:23:04:50
sig_hashalgo:   sha512
parm:           max_nullfunc_tries:Maximum nullfunc tx tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm:           max_probe_tries:Maximum probe tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm:           beacon_loss_count:Number of beacon intervals before we decide beacon was lost. (int)
parm:           probe_wait_ms:Maximum time(ms) to wait for probe response before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm:           ieee80211_default_rc_algo:Default rate control algorithm for mac80211 to use (charp)

[cfg80211]
filename:       /lib/modules/3.13.0-67-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko
description:    wireless configuration support
license:        GPL
author:         Johannes Berg
srcversion:     695424C2F5CD23A91B67E25
depends:        
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.13.0-67-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 
signer:         Magrathea: Glacier signing key
sig_key:        2E:7A:AB:A0:3B:9A:BA:73:02:BA:CB:8F:81:3D:80:FF:AC:23:04:50
sig_hashalgo:   sha512
parm:           ieee80211_regdom:IEEE 802.11 regulatory domain code (charp)
parm:           cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz:Disable 40MHz support in the 2.4GHz band (bool)

##### module parameters #################

[ath9k]
blink: 0
bt_ant_diversity: 0
btcoex_enable: 0
nohwcrypt: 1
ps_enable: 0

[mac80211]
beacon_loss_count: 7
ieee80211_default_rc_algo: minstrel_ht
max_nullfunc_tries: 2
max_probe_tries: 5
probe_wait_ms: 500

[cfg80211]
cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz: N
ieee80211_regdom: 00

##### /etc/modules ######################

lp
rtc
ath9k

##### modprobe options ##################

[/etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf]
options ath9k nohwcrypt=1

[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf]
blacklist ath_pci

[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf]
blacklist evbug
blacklist usbmouse
blacklist usbkbd
blacklist eepro100
blacklist de4x5
blacklist eth1394
blacklist snd_intel8x0m
blacklist snd_aw2
blacklist i2c_i801
blacklist prism54
blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist garmin_gps
blacklist asus_acpi
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr
blacklist amd76x_edac

[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rare-network.conf]
alias net-pf-3 off
alias net-pf-6 off
alias net-pf-9 off
alias net-pf-11 off
alias net-pf-12 off
alias net-pf-19 off
alias net-pf-21 off
alias net-pf-36 off

[/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf]
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211

[/etc/modprobe.d/mlx4.conf]
softdep mlx4_core post: mlx4_en

##### rc.local ##########################

/bin/sh /usr/local/bin/startServer.sh
/bin/echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled 
exit 0

##### pm-utils ##########################

##### udev rules ########################

[/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules]
# PCI device 0x10ec:0x8168 (r8169)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="<MAC 'eth0' [IF1]>", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x168c:0x0030 (ath9k)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="<MAC address>", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="wlan*", NAME="wlan0"

##### dmesg #############################

I'd love a feature in which I can simply mark/tag a file 'Done'(or similar) whenever I'm done with it. If I have a folder full of 200+ files which I need to go through (videos or music), then it would really help if I could just those that I've seen as 'done', or better yet, simply those that I open as 'done'.

Is there any niche extension/script that can do something like this?

We use a dedicated server running Ubuntu 14.04 The FTP service sometimes quits and we need to get it restarted. This means I am stuck a day or to and is unable to work with files on the server www area.

I am not a server guy at all unfortunately (hoping to learn), but when I log on server root with putty I guess I should be able to restart the FTP service somehow as I have root access.

Would anyone take me through the kung-fu required to restart the FTP service ?

I have tried:

service vsftpd restart

message:

vsftpd: unrecognized service

Solution:

The server was running proftpd so got it restarted with:

service proftpd restart

The reason why FTP stopped once a week is a glitch where the log rotation tries to restart FTP before its stopped completely. Adding a sleep and retry solves this from happening.

I'm a newbie in Linux programming. I found that the way to view the list of system calls in Linux via command-line is:

man syscalls

But now I want to view the list of c library functions, how can I do that? Which command will help me list the c library functions? And another question, where are system calls and c library functions manual pages located? Thank you.